RU2090805C1 - Method of control of heating and hot-water supply complex and automated boiler house for realization of this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat-power engineering centralized heating and hot-water supply systems of living and industrial buildings. SUBSTANCE: signals corresponding to present magnitudes of technological parameters of complex (temperature, pressure and consumption of heat) and signals corresponding to present magnitudes of output characteristics of complex units are furnished; these signals are compared with rated values and control signals are formed which correspond to differences obtained. Automated hot-water boiler house designed for realization of this method is provided with control processor, flow regulation units and respective control units, as well as with temperature, pressure and flow rate sensors connected with control units and control processor whose outputs are connected to water heating units and flow control units. Method of control of complex provides for flexible program control and automatic adaptation to actions of consumer through correction of temperature conditions and self-adjustment to preset modes of operation. Automated boiler house is made in form of unattended self-adjusting system which provides for automatic maintenance of preset modes of operation. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 31 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a power system and can be used in centralized heat and hot water supply systems for residential buildings and industrial premises.

 A known method of controlling a hot water boiler is based on measuring the temperature of the water in the pipelines of the boiler room behind and in front of the water heating unit, comparing these temperatures and compensating for temperature changes due to flow control (see USSR author's certificate N 1591875, class A01G 9/24, F24D, 19/10, 1988). At the same time, they maintain the set ratios between the current values of the produced boiler heat and the heat loss of the consumer.

 However, this control method does not provide the ability to automatically maintain a given temperature schedule, and, in addition, when implementing the method, it is necessary for the operator to participate in the selection and change of the operating mode of the boiler room.

 The closest analogue to the prototype is a method of controlling a hot heat supply system (see USSR author's certificate N 1495583, class F24D 17/00, 1987), including measuring the temperature of the water at the inlet and outlet of the water heating unit, determining the difference in these temperatures and adjusting depending on this temperature difference of the water leaving the system.

 Although this method provides the ability to automatically maintain the optimum temperature of the water and the implementation of the set temperature regimes of water, it does not provide the ability to work without an operator when selecting and setting the specified modes.

 A device for the automatic control of a heating station is known (see, for example, USSR patent N 847944 of 11.25.77 class F24D 17/00), including a system of pipes forming a circulation circuit and distribution lines associated with a heat consumer system containing heat exchangers, boilers and radiators, a water heating unit containing boilers connected in parallel, a flow control unit made in the form of a pump placed in a circulation circuit in front of the input collector of the water heating unit, as well as water and ambient temperature sensors, a unit temperature setting, the operation control unit of heating blocks and block tolerances heating block temperature.

 The known device does not provide for the possibility of changing operating modes without operator intervention.

 The closest analogue to the prototype is a system for automatic control of a boiler house (see USSR author's certificate N 1591875, class A01G 9/24, F 24 D 19/10, 1988), including a water heating unit, made in the form of a group of boilers, with a feed and exhaust manifolds, a connected piping system with a set of valves, gate valves and valves valves forming a circulation circuit connected to these collectors and interacting with the heat consumption system, a recirculation circuit connected to the supply and outlet by the heaters of the water heating unit and combined in this part with the circulation circuit, and the bypass line connected with the supply and outlet collectors, three flow control units, two of which are made in the form of a pump and an adjustable valve, and one in the form of an adjustable valve, control units water heating and flow control units, two temperature sensors, two differential pressure sensors for water and a weather factor sensor.

 This system ensures the maintenance of the established ratio between the current values of the heat released by the boiler room and the current heat losses of consumers, however, it does not provide for the possibility of maintaining the temperature schedule, and operator participation is required to select and set the boiler operation modes.

где P_ав установленный нормативами перепад давления воды у потребителя в системе отопления, равный P_ав=(0,3 1) кг/см²,
S_лл гидравлическое сопротивление теплотрассы,
G20 потребный расход теплофикационной воды, определяемый с помощью расходомера, установленного на входе системы потребления тепла,
G22 расход воды на подпитку циркуляционного контура теплофикационной воды, определяемый с помощью расходомера, установленного в линии подпитки этого контура.The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method of controlling a complex of heat and hot water supply, comprising receiving signals corresponding to the current values of the water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water heating unit, and maintaining the parameters of the technological mode of the boiler, for example, the level of heat and hot water for due to the regulation of water flows in the circuits of the complex, additionally receive signals corresponding to the current values of the water temperature at the inputs and outputs of heat consumption systems, receive a signal s, corresponding to the current values of the coolant flow rate in front of the inputs of the heat consumption systems for heat supply and hot water in the heat and hot water supply circuits respectively, as well as on the recharge line of the heat supply circuit, receive signals corresponding to the current values of the outdoor temperature and the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet heat consumption systems for heat supply, and in addition, they receive signals corresponding to the current values of the output characteristics of the flow control units, first for control signals are generated that correspond to certain design parameters of the required operating condition of the complex and ensure the removal of the actuating elements of the water heating unit and flow control units to appropriate positions, then control the parameters of the technological modes of the complex, including the water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water heating unit and exits heat consumption systems, as well as the differential pressure of water by comparing them with the required values, receive and process differential signals and they generate control signals for the displacement of the executive elements of the blocks relative to the previously established positions, and in case of a violation of the technological mode of the complex, as well as with a deliberate change in the operating mode, for example, when the season is changed, the corresponding control signals are set again, the process of outputting the executive elements of the water heating unit is repeated, and flow control units to the required positions and the corresponding formation of control signals, while the specified steam values meters is set in accordance with the set heating schedule while maintaining a constant pressure drop of the heating water at the consumer and maintaining a constant temperature for the analysis of hot water, and for the water heating unit and for each flow control unit, the required values are determined, for example, the duration of the control action, which then form the corresponding control signals, while the generated signals are compared with threshold values and to the water heating unit and each each flow control unit provides control signals whose duration exceeds the corresponding predetermined threshold values. In this case, the set value of the water pressure difference between the input and output of the heat consumption system is determined by the formula

where P _AB the pressure difference of the consumer in the heating system set by the standards, equal to P _AB = (0.3 1) kg / cm ² ,
S _ll hydraulic resistance of the heating main,
G20 the required flow rate of heating water, determined using a flowmeter installed at the inlet of the heat consumption system,
G22 water flow rate to feed the circulation circuit of the heating water, determined using a flow meter installed in the feed line of this circuit.

где

соответственно заданные значения температур на входе и выходе первой системы потребления тепла и на выходе второй системы потребления тепла,
t₁ и t₂ температура теплоносителя на входе и выходе потребителя в соответствии с типовым отопительным графиком потребителя для текущего значения температуры наружного воздуха t38, измеряемого соответствующим датчиком температуры,
t_p установленная нормативами температура воды у потребителя горячего водоснабжения,
G21 расход воды потребителем горячего водоснабжения, измеряемый соответствующим датчиком на выходе котельной,
c20 и c21 удельные теплоемкости потоков соответствующих расходов воды G20 и G21,
ΔQ1, ΔQ2 и ΔQp определяемые в соответствии с нормативами потери тепла в трубопроводах подачи потребителю и возврата теплофикационной воды, а также в трубопроводе контура горячего водоснабжения, зависящие от температуры соответствующих водяных потоков и температуры наружного воздуха [1]
Сущность изобретения состоит в том, что для осуществления способа управления комплексом тепло- и горячего водоснабжения автоматизированная водогрейная котельная (ABK), включающая блок нагрева воды с подающим и отводящим коллекторами, связанную систему трубопроводов с арматурой, образующих первый циркуляционный контур, соединенный с этими коллекторами и взаимодействующий с первой системой потребления тепла, контур рециркуляции, соединенный с подающим и отводящим коллекторами блока нагрева воды и соединенный в этой части с первым циркуляционным контуром, и линию перепуска, связанную с подающим и отводящим коллекторами, первый, второй и третий блоки регулирования потока, первый, второй, третий и четвертый блоки управления, а также первый и второй датчики температуры воды и датчик перепада давления потока, причем первый, второй и третий блоки регулирования потока установлены соответственно в первом циркуляционном контуре, в контуре рециркуляции и на линии перепуска, датчик перепада давления потока установлен в первом циркуляционном контуре одним входом перед системой потребления тепла, а другим входом за ней, первый и второй датчики температуры воды установлены в первом циркуляционном контуре, причем первый датчик температуры воды установлен за линией перепуска, первый, второй и третий блоки управления первым выходом соединены с соответствующим входом соответственно первого, второго и третьего блоков регулирования потока, а четвертый блок управления первым выходом связан с управляющим входом блока нагрева воды, снабжена второй системой потребления тепла, четвертым, пятым, шестым и седьмым блоками регулирования потока, блоком подготовки воды, пятым, шестым и седьмым блоками управления, третьим, четвертым, пятым и шестым датчиками температуры воды, датчиком температуры воздуха и управляющим процессором (УП), причем в котельной образованы водоразборно-циркуляционный контур, линия подпитки и второй циркуляционный контур, соединенный с подающим и отводящим коллекторами блока нагрева воды, совмещенный в этой части с первым циркуляционным контуром и контуром рециркуляции, и соединенный с первым входом и выходом второй системы потребления тепла, а линией подпитки связанный с соединенным с вторым входом и выходами второй системы потребления тепла водоразборно-циркуляционным контуром, подключенным к системе потребления нагретой воды, при этом четвертый блок регулирования потока установлен во втором циркуляционном контуре, пятый и шестой блоки регулирования потока установлены в водоразборно-циркуляционном контуре соответственно перед вводом водопроводной воды и за ним, а седьмой блок регулирования потока размещен на линии подпитки, при этом блок подготовки воды установлен во втором циркуляционном контуре, первый блок определения расхода воды установлен в первом циркуляционном контуре перед первой системой потребления тепла, второй блок определения расхода установлен в водоразборно-циркуляционном контуре перед системой потребления нагретой воды, а третий блок определения расхода установлен на линии подпитки, например, перед седьмым блоком регулирования потока, причем второй датчик температуры установлен за первой системой потребления тепла перед линией перепуска, третий и четвертый датчики температуры установлены соответственно за отводящим и перед подающим коллекторами блока нагрева воды в части совмещения первого и второго циркуляционных контуров и контура рециркуляции, при этом четвертый датчик установлен за местом соединения контура рециркуляции с совмещенной частью первого и второго циркуляционных контуров, пятый и шестой датчики температуры установлены в водоразборно-циркуляционном контуре соответственно перед вторым входом и за вторым выходом второй системы потребления тепла, а датчик температуры воздуха установлен снаружи котельной, причем пятый, шестой и седьмой блоки управления первым выходом соединены с управляющим входом соответственно четвертого и пятого блоков регулирования потока и блока подготовки воды, а информационные входы первого, второго, третьего, четвертого и пятого блоков управления соединены с информационной шиной АВК, при этом их управляющие входы, а также управляющие входы шестого и седьмого блоков управления подключены к управляющей шине АВК, а шестой и седьмой блоки управления управляющими выходами соединены соответственно с входами пятого блока регулирования потока и блока подготовки воды, при этом датчики температуры воды, датчик температуры воздуха, датчик перепада давления потока, расходомеры, блок нагрева воды и блоки регулирования потока выходами подключены к информационной шине АВК, соединенной с УП, выходом подключенным к управляющей шине АВК.In addition, the values of the set temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the heat consumption system, as well as at the outlet of the hot water supply circuit, are determined by the formulas

Where

respectively, the set temperature values at the inlet and outlet of the first heat consumption system and at the output of the second heat consumption system,
t ₁ and t _{2 the} temperature of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the consumer in accordance with a typical heating schedule of the consumer for the current value of the outdoor temperature t38 measured by the corresponding temperature sensor,
t _{p the} water temperature set by the standards for the consumer of hot water supply,
G21 water consumption by the consumer of hot water supply, measured by the corresponding sensor at the boiler outlet,
c20 and c21 are the specific heat capacities of the respective water flow rates G20 and G21,
ΔQ1, ΔQ2 and ΔQp determined in accordance with the standards of heat loss in pipelines supplying the consumer and return of heating water, as well as in the pipeline of the hot water supply, depending on the temperature of the respective water flows and the temperature of the outdoor air [1]
The essence of the invention lies in the fact that to implement a method of controlling a complex of heat and hot water supply, an automated hot water boiler (ABK), comprising a water heating unit with a supply and outlet manifolds, a connected piping system with fittings forming the first circulation circuit connected to these collectors and interacting with the first heat consumption system, a recirculation loop connected to the supply and exhaust manifolds of the water heating unit and connected in this part to the first circuit a bypass circuit, and a bypass line connected to the supply and discharge manifolds, the first, second and third flow control units, the first, second, third and fourth control units, as well as the first and second water temperature sensors and a differential pressure sensor, the first, the second and third flow control units are installed respectively in the first circulation circuit, in the recirculation circuit and on the bypass line, the differential pressure sensor is installed in the first circulation circuit with one input in front of the system heat consumption, and with another input behind it, the first and second water temperature sensors are installed in the first circulation circuit, with the first water temperature sensor installed behind the bypass line, the first, second and third control units of the first output are connected to the corresponding input of the first, second and third flow control units, and the fourth control unit of the first output is connected to the control input of the water heating unit, is equipped with a second heat consumption system, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh re flow control unit, water treatment unit, fifth, sixth and seventh control units, third, fourth, fifth and sixth water temperature sensors, air temperature sensor and control processor (UE), moreover, a water-folding-circulation circuit, a recharge line and a second circulation circuit are formed in the boiler room a circuit connected to the supply and exhaust manifolds of the water heating unit, combined in this part with the first circulation circuit and the recirculation circuit, and connected to the first input and output of the second consumption system heat, and a make-up line connected to the water intake and circulation circuit connected to the second input and output of the second heat consumption system connected to the heated water consumption system, while the fourth flow control unit is installed in the second circulation circuit, the fifth and sixth flow control units are installed in the water supply the circulation circuit, respectively, before and after the tap water inlet, and the seventh flow control unit is located on the make-up line, while the water treatment unit is installed flax in the second circulation circuit, the first unit for determining the flow rate is installed in the first circulation circuit in front of the first heat consumption system, the second unit for determining flow rate is installed in the water-circulation circuit in front of the heated water consumption system, and the third unit for determining flow rate is installed on the make-up line, for example, in front of the seventh flow control unit, the second temperature sensor being installed behind the first heat consumption system in front of the bypass line, the third and fourth tempo sensors the circuits are installed respectively behind the outlet and in front of the supply manifolds of the water heating unit in terms of combining the first and second circulation circuits and the recirculation circuit, with the fourth sensor installed behind the junction of the recirculation circuit with the combined part of the first and second circulation circuits, the fifth and sixth temperature sensors are installed in water-circulation circuit, respectively, in front of the second input and second output of the second heat consumption system, and the air temperature sensor installed outside the boiler room, with the fifth, sixth and seventh control units of the first output connected to the control input of the fourth and fifth flow control units and the water treatment unit, respectively, and the information inputs of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth control units are connected to the AVK information bus, while their control inputs, as well as the control inputs of the sixth and seventh control units are connected to the control bus AVK, and the sixth and seventh control units of the control outputs are connected respectively but with the inputs of the fifth flow control unit and the water treatment unit, while the water temperature sensors, air temperature sensor, differential pressure sensor, flow meters, the water heating unit and flow control units are connected to the AVK information bus connected to the control unit and the output connected to AVK control bus.

 In this case, the fourth flow control unit is installed in front of the first input or behind the first output of the second heat consumption system, and the flow control units are made in the form of a pump with performance control, and the control inputs of the pump start and capacity control are connected respectively to the first and second control inputs of the control unit flow, the information outputs of which are connected to the electrical outputs of the pump, or in the form of a series / parallel installed pump constant output and a controlled valve, and the control inputs of the pump start and regulation of the position of the valve control body are connected respectively to the first and second control inputs of the flow control unit, the information outputs of which are connected to the electrical outputs of the corresponding valve, or in the form of a controlled valve, the control input and information output the valve is connected to the corresponding input and output of the flow control unit, while the first, second and fourth control units p Current pumps are designed as a control for the performance or in the form of a constant pump performance and controllable valves. In addition, the first and fourth flow control units can be made in the form of controlled valves, and the second and third flow control units are made in the form of controlled valves and pumps with constant capacity, moreover, the pump of the second flow control unit is installed in front of the feed manifold of the water heating unit, and the pump the third flow control unit is installed at the output section of the bypass line.

 The first and second flow control units can be made in the form of constant capacity pumps and adjustable valves, and the third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of adjustable valves, with the adjustable valve of the first flow control unit installed in front of the bypass line, and the pump behind it, and the pump the second flow control unit is installed behind the part of the recirculation circuit combined with the first circulation circuit, while the pump of the first flow control unit can be installed changed at the inlet of the bypass line, adjustable valves of the first and third flow control units are installed at the junction of the first circulation circuit with the output of the bypass line, combined and made in the form of a three-way valve according to the mixer circuit, the first and fourth flow control units can be made in the form of controlled valves , the second flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve and a constant-flow pump installed in front of the feed manifold of the water heating unit, and the third unit pumping in the form of a pump with performance control, the first and second flow control units can be made in the form of controlled valves, and the third and fourth flow control units in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the pump of the fourth flow control unit can be installed on the line combining the first and second circulation circuits, the first and second flow control units can be made in the form of controlled valves, the third flow control unit in de the pump with performance control, and the fourth control unit in the form of a controlled valve and a constant-flow pump installed on the combining line of the first and second circulation circuits, the first and fourth flow control units can be made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant-flow pump, and the second and the third flow control units in the form of controlled valves, and the pump of the first flow control unit must be installed downstream of the bypass line, and we from the fourth flow control unit in the part of the second circulation circuit combined with the recirculation circuit, the first, second and fourth flow control units can be made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the third flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve, and the pump of the first block flow control should be installed at the outlet of the bypass line, the first flow control unit can be made in the form of a controlled valve and a pump installed at the exit ohm bypass line, the third flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve, and the second and fourth flow control units in the form of a pump with performance control, the first flow control unit can be made in the form of a controlled valve, and the second, third and fourth flow control units in in the form of a controlled valve and a pump with constant capacity, and the pump of the fourth flow control unit must be installed in the part of the second circulation circuit combined with the first circulation circuit, the first flow control unit can be made in the form of a controllable valve, the second and third flow control units in the form of pumps with variable displacement, and the fourth flow control unit in the form of a controllable valve and constant displacement pump installed on the part of the circulation circuit combined with the first circulation circuit, the first flow control unit can be made in the form of a controlled valve, and the second, third and fourth flow control units in the form of a control a valve and a constant flow pump, the pump of the second flow control unit must be installed in front of the supply manifold on the part of the recirculation circuit combined with the first and second circulation circuits, the first flow control unit can be made in the form of a controlled valve, the second flow control unit in the form a controlled valve and a constant capacity pump installed in front of the supply manifold on a part of the recirculation circuit combined with the first and second circulators circuits, and the third and fourth flow control units in the form of pumps with variable displacement, the first, third and fourth flow control units can be made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the second flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve, and the fourth pump flow control unit must be installed on the part of the second circulation circuit, combined with the recirculation circuit, the first and third flow control units can be performed In the form of a pump with adjustable capacity, a second flow control unit in the form of a controllable valve, and a fourth unit in the form of a controllable valve and a constant displacement pump installed on the part of the second circulation circuit combined with the recirculation circuit, the first, second and third flow control units can be made in the form of a controlled valve and a pump of constant performance, and the fourth flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve, and the pump of the second control unit The flow control unit must be installed in the part of the recirculation circuit combined with the second circulation circuit, the first and third flow control units can be made in the form of pumps with adjustable capacity, the second flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump installed in the part of the recirculation circuit combined with the second circulation circuit, and the fourth flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve, in addition, control units and a control process They can be accommodated in one housing.

 The proposed method of controlling the complex of heat and hot water supply provides the possibility of flexible program regulation and automatic adaptation to the actions of the heat consumer by adjusting the temperature conditions, as well as self-tuning to the specified operating modes.

 The AVK implementing the proposed method is made in the form of a self-adjusting system that automatically maintains the specified operating modes and does not require operator intervention when changing operating modes.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general functional diagram of an AVK designed to implement a method for controlling a complex of heat and hot water, FIG. 2, 3 shows an example of the implementation of the heat engineering circuit AVK, in FIG. 4 shows a control circuit for a water heating / flow control unit; FIG. 5 and 6 respectively show the operation algorithms of the control device for the water heating / flow control unit and the control processor, FIG. 7 is a diagram of an ABC intended for conducting thermal engineering calculations, and in FIG. 8 is a timing diagram of its operation.

 An automated hot water boiler room (AVK), designed to implement a method for controlling a complex of heat and hot water supply (Fig. 1), contains a connected piping system (shown in bold lines) with fittings (not shown in the diagram), including a standard set of valves, gate valves and valves (see, for example, [2]). With the help of this piping system, the first and second circulation circuits, respectively designated 1, 2, a recirculation circuit 3 and a water intake-circulation circuit 4 connected to the water supply network, as well as a bypass line 5 and a make-up line 6, are formed in the AVK. The first and second circulation circuits 1, 2 are partially aligned (via the pipeline of line 7), while the recirculation circuit 3 along part of the pipeline of line 7 is aligned with the first and second circulation circuits 1, 2, and with the latter it is also aligned along the part of the pipeline of line 8, the bypass line 5 connects the pipelines of lines 9 and 10 of the first circulation circuit 1, and the make-up line 6 connects the second circulation circuit 2 with the water-withdrawal-circulation circuit 4.

 The directions of movement of water (flows) in the pipelines of the indicated circuits and lines are shown by arrows and are provided using the above-mentioned fittings and AVK units.

 A water heating unit 11 is connected to the pipeline of the line 7 for combining the first and second circulation circuits 1, 2 in terms of combining with the recirculation circuit 3 with its supply and outlet (names correspond to the inlet and outlet) collectors located along the flow direction of the flow (not shown), to generate the heat necessary to provide consumers, and made in the form of boilers (Fig. 2), equipped with controlled burners, connected in parallel to the corresponding collectors of the water heating unit 11 you supply of fuel and air, as well as temperature and pressure sensors, made, for example, in the form described in the description in ed. testimonial. USSR N 1591875 corresponding devices.

 In the first circulation circuit 1, a first flow control unit 12 is installed, intended for setting and providing circulation of the heat carrier (heated water). For a similar purpose, in the second circulation circuit 2, recirculation circuit 3, the water-circulation circuit 4 and on the bypass and make-up lines 5, 6, respectively, flow control units 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 are also installed, with flow control units 15 and 16 are installed in the water-circulation circuit 4, respectively, before and after its connection to the water supply network.

 Blocks 12, 13, 14 and 17 of the flow control are made in the form of a controlled valve and a pump installed in series or parallel (constant performance at a constant speed of rotation of the impeller), and the possibility of installing the pump at one or another point of the circuit is connected with the need to ensure with it coolant circulation, and can also be performed in the form of combinations, in which part of the blocks are made in the form of controlled valves, and the other part of blocks in the form of controlled valves and pumps performance.

 In addition, the execution of the flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve and a constant-flow pump can in some cases be replaced by the execution of the same block in the form of a pump with performance control (with a variable impeller rotation speed).

 Embodiments of the blocks 12, 13, 14 and 17 of the flow control, ensuring the optimal functioning of the AVK, are shown in the table.

 The execution of controlled valves, pumps of constant performance, included in the blocks 12, 13, 14 and 17 of the flow control, is known (see, for example, [2] [5] [12]). The flow control unit 16 is made in the form of a constant-flow pump, and the flow control units 15 and 18 are made in the form of direct-acting controllers [2] containing a control valve with a diaphragm servomotor connected to a control unit including a relay and a pressure sensor (not shown in the drawing) .

 The first circulation circuit 1 interacts with the first heat consumption system 19, which is distribution lines, heat exchangers, radiators, etc. serving to supply heating water to the consumer’s premises for heating them, and in the same circuit, before the entrance of the first heat consumption system 19, a first flow meter 20 is installed (see, for example, [1] [6]) containing an electric device (not shown) transmitting readings and intended to determine the amount of heating water entering this heat consumption system. Similar flowmeters 21 and 22, respectively, are installed in the water-circulation circuit 4 and on the make-up line 6, moreover, the flow meter 21 is designed to determine the incoming hot water to the consumer, and the flow meter 22 is used to determine the amount of water coming from the water-circulation-circuit 4 through the make-up line 6 into the second circulation circuit 2.

 The second circulation circuit is connected to the first inlet and outlet, and the water-circulation circuit 4 is connected to the second input and output of the second heat consumption system 23, made in the form of a water-water heater or boiler (see, for example, [2]). On the feed line 6, a water preparation unit 24 is installed, made in the form, for example, of a recarbonization system (see, for example, [2]) containing an acid dispenser, a feed pump, a tank, an ejector, and a reactor (not shown in the diagram), and intended to prevent the formation of scale in heating systems when heating the water coming from the water supply network.

 The water heating unit 11, the flow control units 12, 13, 14, 16, 17 and the water preparation unit 24 are connected to the control output by the control output, respectively, of control units 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31 for generating signals control and transmission of these signals to the appropriate blocks.

 AVK is equipped with water temperature sensors 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, and 37, air temperature sensor 38 and differential pressure sensor 39, designed to measure the corresponding parameters, as well as a control processor 40, designed to set and control temperature conditions, process signals from the above sensors and AVK units and control over ensuring the specified operation modes of the AVK.

 The control processor 40 information bus 41 is connected to the outputs of the sensors 32 39 and the information outputs of the blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, 17 and through the control bus 42 is connected to the control inputs of the blocks 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31 of the control.

 The control units 25, 26, 27, 28, and 30 and the control processor 40 contain (Fig. 3) a microprocessor 43, operative (RAM) and permanent (ROM) memory devices 45 and 46 connected to it by a bus 44, respectively, and input bus 47 output interfaces 48, 49 and 50, respectively, of the communication channel with the control bus 42 of the analog input and digital (discrete) output (see, for example, [7]). (The circuit does not show the power supply, synchronization, and matching levels of electrical signals). The inputs of the control unit and the control processor are the input of the interface 48 of the communication channel with the control bus 42 and the inputs for receiving information signals from sensors of other units entering the control unit via the information bus 41, and the outputs of the control unit will be the output of the interface 48 and the outputs of the interface 50 for applying to the appropriate block of control signals.

 The microprocessor 43 and ROM 46 are made according to h MOS technology and are respectively devices of the 8088 and 2732 type, RAM 45 is made on the basis of MOS technology of the TMS 4016 type (see, for example, [8]).

 In the read-only memory 46 of the control unit, an algorithm is implemented that implements the selected control law of the control device, for example, as in this case, an algorithm that implements a pulse proportional-integral control law.

The following notation is introduced on the block diagram of the algorithm (Fig. 4):
F _backside predetermined position executive control device;
F value of the signal of the position sensor of the executive body;
dФ, dФ1 respectively proportional and integral components of the signal of regulation error;
E permissible accuracy of position management of the executive body;
R _{computers a} sign of direct control of the regulatory device from the control processor 40;
T _{reg the} time elapsed after the implementation of the latter before the generated control action;
TO the period of repetition of control pulses in an autonomous mode;
T _{and the} maximum allowable duration of the regulation pulse in stand-alone mode;
Y ₁₃ , Y _14, respectively, control signals at the outputs 13 and 14 of the control device;
dT is the counting step duration of the control unit algorithm;
X _[i] , i = 1, 2, n, the filtered values of the sensor signals received at inputs 10;
X _{ass [i]} , i = 1, 2, n setpoints of adjustable parameters;
K [i] i = 1, 2, n control coefficients specified by the control processor 40;
a, b weight coefficients of the proportional and integral components of the regulation law, respectively. The values of a and b are selected from the range 0. 1.

 In FIG. 4, the input / output and filtering algorithms of input parameters are not shown.

Algorithm Input Parameters:
F _ass , R _computer , X _{ass [i]} , K _[i] (i = 1, 2, n) from the control processor 40;
Ф, X _[i] , (i = 1, 2, n) from the position sensor of the executive body and sensors of adjustable parameters.

The output parameters of the algorithm are the signals received by the executive body of the regulatory device, as well as the signals of the current state of the control unit: R _computers , F, F _back , dF, dF ₁ , X _[i] , X _{back [i]} , K _[i] , (i 1, 2, n), T _reg , Y ₁₃ , Y ₁₄ coming through the corresponding output to the control processor 40 to monitor the operation of the control unit.

The quantities TO, T _and , dT, E, a, b are constants of the algorithm.

In the read-only memory 46 of the control processor 40, an algorithm is recorded that controls the operation of the control units 25, 26, 27, 28, 30 and the automated boiler house as a whole, for example, an algorithm whose block diagram is shown in FIG. 5. On the block diagram of the algorithm (Fig. 5) the following notation is introduced:
t current time from the moment of the start of the output of the boiler operating elements;
dt is the counting step of the control processor algorithm;
X _{ass [i]} , i = 1, 2, 5; preset values of adjustable parameters;
t _{o the} duration of the process of outputting actuators to the operating mode (t _o = 1.10 min);
X _i i = 1, 2.5 measured values of the adjustable parameters (sensor signals);
X _mini , X _maxi allowable limits for changing parameters according to the technological operating conditions;
Fzad _i , i = 1, 2.5 specified position of the executive bodies of regulatory devices;
K _{i, j} , i = 1.25, j = 1, 2.5 control coefficients set by the control processor 40 (i-th control device in the j-th adjustable parameter);
Ravm _i , i = 1, 2.5 sign of direct control of the regulating device from the control processor 40.

 In FIG. 5, the algorithms of the initial start-up and emergency shutdown of the boiler room are not shown.

Algorithm Input Parameters:
X _i , i = 1, 2.5 from sensors of adjustable parameters.

The output parameters of the algorithm are the signals Revm _i , Fzad _i , Khzad _i , K _{i, j} (i, j = 1, 2.5), transmitted to the control bus 42.

The values of t _o , X _mini , X _maxi (i = 1, 2.5) and dT are constants of the algorithm.

 In the above example (Fig. 2) of the technological flowchart of an automated hot water boiler, an embodiment of flow control units 13 and 17 in the form of adjustable valves 51 and 52, respectively, and blocks 12 and 14 in the form of constant output pumps 53 and 54 and adjustable valves 55 is shown and 56, respectively (option 5 of the table).

 It also shows the design of the water heating unit 11 in the form of boilers 57 connected to the inlet and outlet of the unit (supply and outlet collectors) 57, equipped with burners 48, devices 59 and 60, respectively, for supplying gas (fuel) and air, as well as sensors 61 and 62, respectively temperature and pressure, providing information signals for the formation of the control action.

 The arrows show the connections for supplying control signals from the corresponding control units and the control processor (not shown in Fig. 2).

 The diagram also shows the elements and blocks associated with its specific implementation, but not indicated, since they are not associated with an automated control system.

 The control units 29 and 31 are made in the form of a controlled switch (see, for example, [8]).

 Automated boiler room (AVK) works as follows.

 Using the control processor 40 in accordance with predetermined conditions, for example, a heating operating schedule, determine the position of the actuating elements of the water heating unit 11 (here, for example, the position of the shutter on the drawing not shown} gas burners of boilers) and blocks 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18 control flows (respectively, the angles of rotation of the flaps of the control valves or the rotational speed of the impeller of the controlled pump) and generate the corresponding control signals that are set to blocks 12, 13, 14, 17 through their control units avleniya (respectively on blocks 25, 26, 27, 28, 30).

 Then, the boilers of the water heating unit 11 are ignited, the pumps of the flow control units are turned on and the heating water is circulated through the heat consumption systems 19 and 23. In this case, the signals of the temperature sensors 35 and 34 corresponding to the current values of the water temperature at the inlet and the outlet of the water heating unit 11 are received, the temperature sensors 32, 37 and 33, 36 corresponding to the current values of the water temperature at the inputs and outputs of the heat consumption systems, receive sensor signals 20, 21 and 22 of the flow rate corresponding to the current values of the flow rate of the coolant in front of the inlets of the heat and hot water consumption systems in the heat and hot water supply circuits, respectively, as well as on the feed line of the heat supply circuit, floor the signals of the temperature and pressure sensors 38 corresponding to the current values of the outdoor temperature and the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the heat consumption system, and, in addition, from the flow control units 12, 13, 14 and 17 corresponding to the current values of the output characteristics of the control units streams. From the control processor (UE) 40, control signals are set that correspond to the parameters of the required operating state of the complex determined by calculation and which ensure that the actuating elements of the water heating unit 11 and the flow control units 12, 13, 14 and 17 are brought into operation. Then, the parameters of the complex’s technological processes entering the control processor 40 through the information bus 41 are controlled, including the temperature of the water at the inlet and outlet of the water heating unit and the outputs of the heat consumption systems, as well as the pressure drop by comparing them with the required values. At the same time, differential signals are received and processed in the UE 40 and, through the control units 25, 26, 27, 28 and 30, they form and feed control signals for the displacement of the actuating elements of the units relative to the previously established positions to the corresponding blocks 11, 12, 13, 14 and 17.

Each time the AVK is turned on or the mode of its operation changes, the processor 40 is brought to its initial state, as a result of which the algorithm (Fig. 6) starts working from block I1 (input). After zeroing the current time (L1), the set values of the generated parameters (H1) are calculated and if less than t _o has elapsed from the moment of switching on, the set positions of the executive bodies of the regulating devices are calculated and the sign of direct control of the regulating devices from the control processor 40 is calculated. if more than t _o elapsed from the moment of switching on, the control units 25, 26, 27, 28 and 30 are taken offline by resetting the features of Rеvm _i (i = 1, 2,5) (C2). At the same time, in block (P2), the necessary values of the coefficients K _ij are calculated and in block (C1) the fulfillment of the technological operating conditions of the boiler room is monitored. If the technological operating conditions are not met, the control processor is transferred to its initial state (zeroed) and the input process of the actuating elements to the operating mode is repeated. At the end of the calculation step of the control processor 40 algorithm, the output parameters (T1) are transferred to the control bus 42. At the same time, when the boiler is turned on, each control unit is switched to the direct control mode of the control device from the control processor 40 (Revm _i = 1, block A2 in the diagram of FIG. . 5). In this mode, the input of the control unit from the control processor 40 receives a signal corresponding to a given initial position of the Executive body f _ass . If the measured position of the regulatory body Ф coincides with the specified with acceptable accuracy (block B2) or the duration of the control pulse (B2) is exceeded, then the movement of the regulatory body is stopped (B1). Otherwise, check the direction of the necessary movement (G2) and turn on the corresponding control signal (G1 or G3). Next, check for the presence of a direct control mode command from the control processor 40 (D2), and if this mode continues to be on, the control cycle of the position of the regulatory body is repeated while maintaining (D3) the initial state of the variables T _lane and dФ1. After the lapse of the boiler room’s time, sufficient for the end of the transition process to establish the initial state, using the control processor 40, the autonomous mode of operation of the control unit is turned on by supplying R _computer = 0 to its input.

In this mode, through the block D2 (Fig. 5), a chain of blocks E1, E2, 31, 32, 33 is realized, which implements a pulse proportional-integral law of coupled control. The control in this mode is closed by the mismatch signals of adjustable parameters (X _{ass [i]} - X _[i] ), calculated in block 31, which eliminates the error of the initial exhibition of the executive body and further monitors changes in the external conditions of the boiler room. The control connectivity is achieved due to the formation of the dF signal in block H1, taking into account the mismatch of all n adjustable parameters X _[i] .

The coefficients K _[i] , i = 1, 2, n, included in the formula of block 31, the control processor 40 calculates as partial derivatives of the control function of the Executive body Ф (X _{back [1]} , X _back [2] X _back [n] by i-th parameter X _ass [i] These coefficients have the physical meaning of the necessary correction of the position of the executive body with a single mismatch of the i-th adjustable parameter X _[i] relative to a given value X _ass [i]
After calculating in block 32 the integral component of the error signal dФ1 in block 33, the value of F _{ass is} generated, and the further operation of the algorithm occurs similarly to the previous mode. At the same time, the impulse nature of the control is realized, since condition E2 (taking into account E1, B3 and B2) allows the calculation of the F _ass (31 33) and the supply of control signals to the actuator (G1) only after a time TO has elapsed since the previous control pulse was applied.

 The formed control actions (G1, G3) are obtained on the basis of formulas, the conclusion of which is carried out as a result of the analysis below of the selected calculation scheme (Fig. 7).

 An automated hot-water boiler house (AVK) produces heating water for heating buildings in the housing estate and providing its residents with hot water supply (DHW). A characteristic feature of the heat consumer in question is the significant analysis of hot water, both heated drinking water for domestic hot water, and technical from the ABC heating circuit, usually represented by a closed system. For the purposes of hot water supply, drinking water is heated technical through a water-water heat exchanger (boiler). Technical water is heated by AVK boilers, and previously this water undergoes chemical treatment.

 Water replenishment of the open AVK system to provide hot water supply is carried out directly from the drinking water supply. The conditionally closed AVK system is replenished in part of the boilers by heated water from its open system. The flow of water from an open to a conditionally closed system is organized through a control valve according to information on reducing water pressure in it.

 A feature of the used AVK equipment is the ability to connect one or more boilers to simultaneously perform tasks for heating the consumer and providing his hot water supply. The feasibility of their joint solution follows from economic considerations and the possibility of operational redistribution of heat generated by the AVK in the optimal mode of operation of its boilers. Moreover, in order to maintain the economical operation mode of AVK boilers, this distribution of thermal loads can be carried out with an allowable deviation of the parameters of the released hot water. Here, one can also take into account the accumulative capacity of main pipelines and directly heated buildings, as well as the short duration of peak DHW loads.

To cover the loads in the furnaces of AVK boilers, fuel is burned, which, taking into account the known value of the boiler efficiency, determines each of them generating the amount of heat per unit time, hereinafter referred to as Q _o1 , Q _o2 .Q _oN , where N is the number of boilers in the AVK. The total amount of heat generated by them per unit time provides compensation for the load of the value of Q _o , which consists of the heating load Q1, the load for providing DHW Q2 and the additional load Q3 associated with heating tap water to feed open and conditionally closed hydraulic systems.

 In turn, the heating load Q1 is composed of the components of heat loss in the main pipeline from AVK to consumer Q4, direct heat dissipation on the heating devices of heat consumers Q5, heat loss in the main pipeline from the consumer to AVK Q6 and heat loss associated with unauthorized dismantling and coolant leaks Q7.

 A similar composition of the components has a load for providing DHW Q2, because to maintain a constant temperature of the hot water being disassembled, it uses its circulation in a closed circuit. These components further respectively designate: heat losses in the main pipeline from the AVK to the consumer Q8, heat losses directly related to the analysis of hot water Q9, and heat losses during transportation of the remaining hot water from the consumer to the AVK Q10.

 Given the accepted designations of the components of the heat load in FIG. 7 shows the general structure (design scheme of the executive part of the regulation system) of the considered complex of heat and hot water supply, shown in figure 1. The designations of the blocks of figures coincide, however, in FIG. 7, the row of blocks is combined and accordingly has double numbering. A characteristic feature of FIG. 7 of the system for regulating the heat load of the heating circuits and providing the consumer's hot water supply is their significant relationship, due to the presence in the pipeline 7 'of significant hydraulic resistance of the water heating unit 11. As soon as the flow rate is changed in one of the circuits during the regulation process, the redistribution of pressure increments in its sections occurs in the other circuit, which leads to a change in the flow rates of the water flows flowing through them. With small changes in water flow, the process of regulating the second circuit can restore its autonomous regulating device. However, with large disturbances associated with the restructuring of the heat supply regimes, a general deregulation of the entire system is possible here. The parry of such mutual influence of the control loops in the absence of the operator-operator in the AVK is assigned to UP 40.

UP 40 determines the current estimate of water flow through its heating unit as the sum of water flow entering the first heat consumption system 19, the second heat consumption system 23 (boiler) and for recycling
G11c = G12 + G13 + G14 (3),
where G11 is the flow rate of water passing through the water heating unit 11,
G12, G13, G14 the flow of water coming from block 11, respectively, to the heat consumption system 19, the boiler (second heat consumption system 23) and for recycling (recirculation loop).

The calculation of the components of the total flow rate is carried out subject to maintaining the heat balance in the mixing nodes and estimates of the flow rate of heated water
G _x • t _x + G _r • t _r (G _x + G _r ) • t _c , (4)
where G _x and G _{r the} value of the costs of cold and hot flows,
t _x , t _r and t _{c the} temperature of the cold, hot and mixed flows.

Используя эти формулы, определяют расход воды по трубопроводу 9 как

где G20 текущий расход воды, измеряемый датчиком 20;

коэффициент смешения в узле 1 для температур соответственно потоков воды G12 и G17.The ratio of cold to hot water flow rates is then designated as a mixing coefficient [9]

Using these formulas, determine the flow rate of the pipeline 9 as

where G20 is the current water flow rate measured by the sensor 20;

the mixing coefficient in node 1 for the temperatures of the water flows G12 and G17, respectively.

Calculation of the assessment G13 is made on the basis of the conditions for heating the water in the boiler 23 to provide domestic hot water and recharge conditionally closed loop. The total water consumption for these purposes is
G10 = G21 + G22, (7)
where G10 is the current flow rate of the heated water through the boiler.

где

требуемое значение температуры нагреваемой воды бойлера (23);
t37 текущее значение температуры нагреваемой воды на входе бойлера (см. фиг. 6).Introducing also the water equivalent
W2 = G10 • c21, (8)
where c21 is the specific heat of water flow G21,
the desired heat consumption, denoted by Qb, is defined as

Where

the required value of the temperature of the heated water of the boiler (23);
t37 current value of the temperature of the heated water at the inlet of the boiler (see Fig. 6).

For the boiler, the ratio of heating water is true
Q _b = W13 • (t34-t13). (ten)
Here t34 is the temperature in the output manifold of the water heating unit (11);
t13 value of the temperature of the heating water at the outlet of the boiler;
W1 water equivalent, defined as
W1 = G13 • c13, (11)
where c13 is the specific heat of the water in stream G13.

Для проведения расчетов соотношение (10) с учетом выражения (12) следует представить в виде:

Определение значений t13 и G13 на базе представленных формул производится путем совместного решения уравнений (13) и (14) для известных значений W2, k и F при вариации параметра W1. Далее, поставляя найденные значения Z_p и W1_p в выражения (11) и (12), получаем искомые значения параметров G13 и t13.Using the calculation formulas for recuperative devices [10] with countercurrent and known values of the heating area F and heat transfer coefficient k of the heat exchanger for the desired value of the heating water temperature at its output, we have
t13 = t34- (t34-t37) • Z, (12)
Where

To carry out the calculations, relation (10) taking into account expression (12) should be presented in the form:

The values of t13 and G13 are determined on the basis of the formulas presented by jointly solving equations (13) and (14) for the known values of W2, k and F with the variation of the parameter W1. Further, putting the found values of Z _p and W1 _p in expressions (11) and (12), we obtain the desired values of the parameters G13 and t13.

Расчет значения температуры t39 производят непосредственно по формуле

С учетом вычисленного значения t39 текущий расход G14 оценивают как

где U11 коэффициент смешения потоков, определяемый по формуле (15). Располагая значением расходов G12, G13, G14, согласно зависимости (3), имеем оценку G11в. В том случае, когда значения температуры воды в трубопроводах 7' и 7 совпадают t35=t39, получаем G14=0. Во всех случаях текущий расход воды по "перемычке", трубопроводу 5 определяют как
G17=G20-G12 (18)
Располагая текущими оценками расходов G12, G13, G14 и G17, ставят задачу управления соответствующими потоками воды так, чтобы обеспечить требуемые потребителем расходы теплоносителя G20 и G9 с заданными параметрами теплоносителя по температуре и давлению.To determine the flow rate G14, the mixing coefficient in node 11 is preliminarily evaluated and, in particular, the temperature value t39, which is included in the calculation formula of this mixing coefficient (see Fig. 7)

The calculation of the temperature t39 is carried out directly by the formula

Based on the calculated t39, the current flow rate G14 is estimated as

where U11 is the mixing coefficient of the flows, determined by the formula (15). Having the value of expenses G12, G13, G14, according to dependence (3), we have the estimate G11c. In the case when the values of the water temperature in the pipelines 7 'and 7 coincide t35 = t39, we obtain G14 = 0. In all cases, the current flow rate of the water through the "jumper", pipeline 5 is determined as
G17 = G20-G12 (18)
Having current estimates of flow rates G12, G13, G14 and G17, we set the task of controlling the corresponding water flows in such a way as to provide the consumer with the required flow rates of heat carrier G20 and G9 with the given heat carrier parameters for temperature and pressure.

рассчитывают величину коэффициента смешения потоков U1 и, согласно формулам (6), (18), оценивают расходы G12 и G17. Для обеспечения этих расходов следует реализовать необходимую величину перепада давления между входом и выходом системы потребления тепла, которую определяют по формуле (1).Calculation of the required values of G12 and G17 is carried out in UP 40, based on the condition of maintaining the set parameters of the heat carrier at the consumer in accordance with a typical heating schedule, while the required values of the temperature of the heat carrier at the inlet and outlet of the boiler room are determined by formulas (2). By known values

calculate the value of the mixing coefficient of the flows U1 and, according to formulas (6), (18), evaluate the costs G12 and G17. To ensure these costs, it is necessary to implement the necessary pressure drop between the input and output of the heat consumption system, which is determined by the formula (1).

 The necessary value of the differential pressure of water can be achieved, in particular, by means of a centrifugal pump with a two-speed electric drive, switching from one rotation speed to another, depending on the sign of the deviation of the differential pressure Dp39 measured by the sensor 39 from its required value Dp39. The technical implementation of such a method for dynamically maintaining a given value of the pressure drop of water between two points of a heating network using a two-position pump speed control device is known (see, for example, the catalog [11]).

Having the required flow rates G12, G13, G14 and G17, then determine the value of the differential pressure of water on the hydraulic resistance of the water heating unit
Dp11 = S11в • (G12 + G13 + G14) ² , (19)
where S11v is the hydraulic resistance of the water heating unit.

This value of the differential pressure must be overcome by an adjustable pump located in the pipeline of the recirculation circuit 3 and providing a flow rate of G14. For an adjustable pump installed in the pipeline of the second circulation circuit 2, providing flow G13, the required pressure (positive pressure increment) is
Dp13 = Dp11 + S23 • G13 ² , (20)
where S23 is the hydraulic resistance of the boiler to heating water.

При этом регулируемый насос в трубопроводе линии перепуска 5 должен давать расход G17 и преодолевать напор

.An adjustable pump in the pipeline of the first circulation circuit 9, providing flow G12, must maintain the pressure

In this case, an adjustable pump in the pipeline of the bypass line 5 should give a flow rate of G17 and overcome the pressure

.

 To ensure such pressure-flow characteristics of PG} pumps, it is necessary to smoothly control their rotation speed, which is achieved, in particular, by feeding three-phase asynchronous drive motors with a variable frequency current. A known implementation of such a device for electrically driving a pump using a typical AC frequency converter (see, for example, [4]). Such a converter from the UP 40 is supplied with a low-current continuous signal for controlling the current / voltage value with the corresponding pump rotation speed, at which for the set pressure value according to PG} the pump characteristics provide the required water flow. Further, the control unit 40 generated control signals of the adjustable pumps in the pipelines of circuits 2, 3, 5 are designated K2, K3, K5, respectively, and the unit 40 output signal of the set value of the water pressure drop for the switching device for pump rotation speed in the pipe 9 is designated K4.

где
G11т расход топлива в блоке нагрева воды,
Cт теплотворная способность расходуемого топлива,
r КПД блока 11 нагрева воды, равный 0,85 0,95,

заданные значения температуры воды на выходе и входе блока ее нагрева.Similarly, the signal of the required fuel consumption is determined for an adjustable feed pump to the water heating unit 11. The required fuel consumption to ensure thermal load is defined as

Where
G11t fuel consumption in the water heating unit,
Ct calorific value of spent fuel,
r the efficiency of the block 11 of water heating equal to 0.85 0.95,

set values of the temperature of the water at the outlet and inlet of the block of its heating.

где

требуемое значение напора для регулируемого топливного насоса,
So гидравлические сопротивления топливного тракта блока 11 нагрева воды.In order to supply such an amount of fuel to the water heating unit 11, the adjustable pump must develop the necessary pressure to overcome the hydraulic resistance

Where

required pressure value for an adjustable fuel pump,
So the hydraulic resistance of the fuel path of the block 11 water heating.

где рт текущее значение напора, развиваемого регулируемым топливным насосом.The value of this pressure can be provided by a pump with a two-speed electric drive, switching from which from one speed to another is carried out depending on the sign of the difference

where rt is the current value of the head developed by the adjustable fuel pump.

Соответствующий сигнал, формируемый УП 40, далее обозначают K1.The technical implementation of such a control of a fuel regulated pump is similar to the above-described device for maintaining the set value of the water drop

The corresponding signal generated by the UP 40, hereinafter referred to as K1.

где S12, S13, S14, S17 гидравлические сопротивления блоков 12, 13, 14 и 17 регулирования потоков воды,
p12, p13, p14, p17 экспериментально устанавливаемые характеристики зависимости напора от расхода воды в контурах блоков регулирования потоков соответственно.In the case when instead of variable-speed pumps, variable-speed valves and non-constant-flow pumps (pumps with constant capacity) installed in one of the pipelines of the corresponding circuit are used, the necessary excess pressure of the latter is damped by the hydraulic resistances of the valves. The magnitude of the required hydraulic resistance values of the flow control units is determined by the following relationships:

where S12, S13, S14, S17 hydraulic resistance of the blocks 12, 13, 14 and 17 regulate the flow of water,
p12, p13, p14, p17 experimentally established characteristics of the pressure dependence of water flow in the circuits of flow control units, respectively.

где S11т гидравлические сопротивления регулирующего устройства подачи топлива блока нагрева воды,
p0 характеристика напора подачи топлива в зависимости от его расхода.Similar dependencies take place in the fuel supply circuit in the block 11 of water heating

where S11t is the hydraulic resistance of the fuel supply control unit of the water heating unit,
p0 is the characteristic of the fuel supply pressure depending on its flow rate.

Further, the functional dependences of the rotation angles of the regulating bodies for supplying fuel to the water heating unit and the regulating bodies of the flow control units on the required values of hydraulic resistances are presented in the form
Φ _q = M _qd + L _qd • S _q , (28)
where Ф _{q are the} angles of rotation of the regulatory bodies of the heating unit and flow control units (q = 11t, 12, 13, 14, 17), respectively.

S _q hydraulic resistance of these blocks,
d 1, 2.D are the numbers of plots of the permissible linear approximation of the experimental dependences of the angles of rotation of the regulatory bodies on the hydraulic resistances of these blocks,
M _qd and L _qd are approximation coefficients of experimental dependences.

 UP 40 implements the procedure for determining the values of Ф11т, Ф12, ф13, Ф14 and Ф17 based on dependencies (1 28) and practicing turning at these angles in the follow-up mode of the regulating bodies of the water heating unit and flow control units using information from sensors of their regulatory bodies (see Fig. 1). At the same time, the specified control signals form the corresponding values of the positions of the actuating elements of the heat and hot water supply complex blocks, and the rotation angles of the regulating organs (the rotation of the gas burner shutters and control valves) are set respectively for the water heating unit and flow control units depending on the required hydraulic resistance of the paths, respectively fuel supply and water circulation circuits, which are installed experimentally at the stage of complex commissioning.

где R_i (i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5) значения параметров, соответствующие измеренным величинам t35, Dp39, t36, t34, t32.In those cases when the initial data for calculating the anticipatory control make it possible to precisely parry the load variation, the implementation of the deviations of the stabilized parameters of the thermal process of the AVK is small and its open-loop control is permissible. With the accumulation of these deviations, intervention in the control process is necessary using their values in a closed loop. To do this, by direct measurements of the main controlled parameters, in this case, the water temperature at the outlet of heating unit 11 t35, the pressure drop across the heating system (first heat consumption system) Dp39, the water temperature at the outlet of the second heat consumption system 23, t36, feed water temperature at the entrance to the heating unit 11 t35, the temperature of the coolant at the entrance to the heating system, respectively, in the control units 11, 12, 13, 14 and 17 form amendments to their control actions. Moreover, at discrete time instants, the deviation of each such parameter from its predetermined value is determined

where R _i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) are the parameter values corresponding to the measured values t35, Dp39, t36, t34, t32.

(i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5) значения параметров, соответствующие заданным величинам

TO период повторения измерения значений параметров.

(i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) parameter values corresponding to the given values

TO the repetition period of the measurement of parameter values.

по основному параметру каждого из блоков нагрева воды и регулирования потока формируют сигналы управления смещением исполнительных элементов блоков относительно установленных ранее положений, причем в случае получения текущих рассогласований, превышающих допустимые значения, например, в случае резкого изменения нагрузки, снова задают соответствующие расчетным управляющие сигналы и повторяют процесс их задания в соответствии с вышеуказанной последовательностью действий до достижения допустимых отклонений.The found deviations of the parameters are compared with the threshold value and when the condition

the main parameter of each of the water heating and flow control units generates control signals for the displacement of the actuators of the units relative to the previously established positions, and in the case of current discrepancies exceeding the permissible values, for example, in the case of a sharp change in load, the corresponding control signals are set again and repeated the process of setting them in accordance with the above sequence of actions until acceptable deviations are achieved.

 Essential for the operation of blocks 11, 12, 13, 14 and 17 is the possibility of their autonomous functioning upon interruption of communication with the UP 40. An urgent issue here is the redistribution of functions between system levels in emergency situations (see, for example, [12]). In this autonomy of their work, the requirement of coherent regulation of the thermal processes of AVK should also be maintained. Such a requirement is provided by the organization of mutual control actions of the control units. According to the information of the connected sensor, the control loops of the devices of blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, 17 are closed and dynamically tuned in a discrete mode of operation. The main task of the latter is to determine the pulse duration, or a series of pulses, in which the corresponding regulatory body, having changed its position, compensates in the static error of the mismatch between the measured value of the selected parameters and the given UE 40 of their value. To this mismatch, the corresponding increment of the available amount of fuel ΔG11t and the increment of water consumption DG12, ΔG13, ΔG14, ΔG17 with adjustable pumps or the equivalent hydraulic resistance of the blocks ΔS11t, ΔS12, ΔS13, ΔS14, ΔS17 with uncontrolled pumps are actually formed for this mismatch.

и регулирующие устройства блоков 12, 17 должны парировать приращение давления Δ Dp11, обеспечивая постоянство расходов G12 и G14. Соответственно на каждое в отдельности отмеченное приращение расхода либо давления для регулирующих устройств блоков 12, 13, 14 и 17 УП 40 формирует команды управляющих воздействий с дополнительным приращением на величину DK4, ΔK2, ΔK13 и ΔK5.
Для регулируемого насоса подачи топлива в блок нагрева воды в зависимости от отклонения измеренного параметра t34 от заданного значения определяют необходимое приращение расхода топлива Δ G11т, которое может быть подано в блок нагрева воды при приращении напора регулируемого насоса на величину

где

приращение требуемого напора насоса, соответствующее приращению формируемого УП сигналу Δ K1. Величину приращения D G11т определяют зависимостью

Аналогичные соотношения для приращений ΔG12, ΔG13, ΔG14, ΔG17 в зависимости от отклонений основных параметров имеют следующий вид:

В случае использования в составе регулирующих устройств неуправляемых насосов и регулирующих клапанов сигнал перемещения регулирующего органа соответствующего блока формируют пропорционально среднему значению отклонения основного параметра на интервал каждого дискрета управляющего воздействия и сумме средних значений этих отклонений на всех предыдущих таких интервалах в процессе дискретного регулирования:

где ΔФi (i=1, 2,5) перемещение регулирующего органа соответственно блока 11 нагрева воды и блоков 12, 13, 14, 17 регулирования потоков,
T_y период повторения сигналов управления перемещением регулирующих органов блоков.When the perturbation ΔG17 is formed, respectively, block 12 for maintaining the differential pressure Dp39 must provide a change in flow rate ΔG12 = -ΔG17. Changing the latter will lead to a change in the value of the differential pressure of water on the block 11 heating Dp11. In a first approximation, the increment of this parameter is defined as
ΔDp11 = -2 • S11в (G12 + G13 + G14) • ΔG17. (31)
Accordingly, the ΔDp11 value changes the PG} characteristics of the adjustable pumps of blocks 13 and 14 while maintaining the flow rates G13 and G14. At small increments, DDp11 proportionally changes the control actions on the adjustable pumps of blocks 13, 14, denoted as DK13 and DK14. Similar designations of the increments of the control actions DK12, ΔK17 are introduced for blocks 12 and 17 when they form the increments of the costs ΔG12, ΔG17.
Similarly, when the perturbation ΔG12 is formed, the control device of block 17 must ensure that the flow rate is kept DG17 = -ΔG12, and the control devices of blocks 13, 14 block the pressure increment
ΔDp11 = 2 • S11в • (G12 + G13 + G14) • ΔG12. (32)
Similarly, when the perturbation ΔG14 is formed, we have
DDp11 = 2 • S11в • (G12 + G13 + G14) • ΔG14. (33)
and the control devices of blocks 12 and 14 must fend off the pressure increment ΔDp11 while keeping the flow rates G12 and G13 constant. Then the flow rate G17 does not change. In the case of the formation of the perturbation D G13, we have

and the control devices of blocks 12, 17 must fend off the pressure increment Δ Dp11, ensuring constant flow rates G12 and G14. Accordingly, for each individually noted increment of flow or pressure for control devices of units 12, 13, 14 and 17 of the unitary enterprise 40 generates commands of control actions with an additional increment of DK4, ΔK2, ΔK13 and ΔK5.
For an adjustable fuel supply pump to the water heating unit, depending on the deviation of the measured parameter t34 from the set value, the necessary increment of fuel consumption Δ G11t is determined, which can be supplied to the water heating unit with an increase in the pressure of the adjustable pump by

Where

the increment of the required pump head, corresponding to the increment of the generated UE signal Δ K1. The increment value D G11t is determined by the dependence

Similar ratios for increments ΔG12, ΔG13, ΔG14, ΔG17 depending on the deviations of the main parameters are as follows:

In the case of using uncontrolled pumps and control valves as part of the control devices, the displacement signal of the regulatory body of the corresponding unit is generated in proportion to the average deviation of the main parameter for the interval of each discrete control action and the sum of the average values of these deviations at all previous such intervals in the process of discrete regulation:

where ΔΦi (i = 1, 2.5) is the movement of the regulatory body, respectively, of the water heating unit 11 and the flow control units 12, 13, 14, 17,
T _y the repetition period of the movement control signals of the regulatory bodies of the blocks.

среднее значение отклонения i-го основного параметра соответствующего блока,

значение суммы отклонений i-го параметра в процессе регулирования,
Ai и Bi коэффициенты динамической настройки контура управления перемещения органов регулирования соответствующих блоков, значение которых устанавливается в процессе наладки.

the average deviation of the i-th main parameter of the corresponding block,

the value of the sum of deviations of the i-th parameter in the regulation process,
Ai and Bi are the coefficients of dynamic adjustment of the control loop for the movement of the regulatory bodies of the corresponding units, the value of which is set during commissioning.

One of the possible ways to control the movement of the regulatory bodies of blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, 17 by the deviation of the main parameters is that they make these movements independently and discretely for each of the deviations with a repetition period T _y determined from the condition of not more than 2 3 the movement of the regulatory body at the transient interval in each control loop by a step disturbing in the form of a forced small displacement of its actuator (regulatory body of blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, 17) carried out in the process e complex setup to clarify its dynamic characteristics. The calculated values of the estimated repetition period T _y = 2 5 min with measurements of the main parameters with a repetition period TO = 0.5 5 s.

где S общее число основных параметров комплекса,
Ais и Вis коэффициенты динамической настройки контура управления перемещения каждого i-го органов регулирования соответствующих блоков по сигналам отклонения каждого s-го основного параметра.In the general case, the number of main parameters can be more than the number of governing bodies, and then the control actions with an allowable deviation of the main parameters are formed taking into account the influence of several such parameters on each control loop and the duration of the control action on each regulatory body of blocks 11, 12, 13, 14 and 17 determined by the formula

where S is the total number of basic parameters of the complex,
Ais and Bis are the coefficients of dynamic adjustment of the control loop for the movement of each i-th regulator of the corresponding blocks according to the deviation signals of each s-th main parameter.

что определяет возможность организации быстрой отработки отклонения цикла по температуре на входе системы потребления тепла по составляющей сигналов усредненного отклонения и медленной в связи со значительной инерционностью системы потребления тепла по интегральной составляющей принятого закона регулирования.When controlling according to formula (39) for each main parameter, its own control cycle can be realized by selecting the coefficients Ais and Bis. So, when the temperature t33 at the output of the heat consumption system for the regulatory body of unit 17 is included in the set of the main parameters presented above, taking into account the separation of the control cycles, we accordingly have

which determines the possibility of organizing a quick test of the deviation of the cycle by temperature at the input of the heat consumption system according to the component of the signals of the average deviation and slow due to the significant inertia of the heat consumption system by the integral component of the adopted regulation law.

где Δ ti длительности сигналов управления, поступаемые на привода с постоянной скоростью перемещения регулирующего органа соответственно блока 11 нагрева воды и блоков 12, 13, 14, 17 регулирования потока,
Vi угловая скорость перемещения i-го регулирующего органа,
D Фi[uTy] величина перемещения i-го регулирующего органа при независимом управлении блоков нагрева воды и регулирования потоков в соответствии с законом регулирования (38),
Bij функции взаимного перемещения регулирующих органов, определяемые следующими зависимостями:
в11 в22 в33 в44 в55 1
в13 в21 в31 в41 в51 в53 в54 0

в которых

значения базовых величин гидравлических сопротивлений для положения регулирующих органов на момент очередного сигнала регулирования при управлении ими по отклонению основных параметров, определяемое согласно зависимостям (26) и (27),

коэффициенты линейных составляющих зависимости (28) для соответствующих интервалов d значений базовых величин гидравлических сопротивлений блока нагрева воды и блоков регулирования потоков,
h11т, h12, h13, h14, h17 коэффициенты линейных составляющих аппроксимации характеристик зависимости напора насоса от расхода в контуре регулирования подачи топлива в блоке нагрева воды и контурах блоков регулирования потоков воды соответственно при базовых значениях расходов G11т, G12, G13, G14 и G17.When taking into account the connectivity of the control loops, the duration of the control action with an allowable deviation of the main parameters is determined by the formula

where Δ ti the duration of the control signals supplied to the drive with a constant speed of movement of the regulatory body, respectively, of the block 11 of water heating and blocks 12, 13, 14, 17 of the flow control,
Vi the angular velocity of the i-th regulatory body,
D Фi [uTy] the amount of movement of the i-th regulatory body with independent control of water heating and flow control units in accordance with the regulation law (38),
Bij functions of mutual movement of regulatory bodies, defined by the following dependencies:
B11 B22 B33 B44 B55 1
B13 V21 V31 V41 V51 V53 V54 0

in which

the values of the basic values of hydraulic resistances for the position of the regulatory bodies at the time of the next control signal when they are controlled by the deviation of the main parameters, determined according to dependences (26) and (27),

the coefficients of the linear components of the dependence (28) for the corresponding intervals d of the values of the basic values of the hydraulic resistance of the water heating unit and flow control units,
h11t, h12, h13, h14, h17 are the coefficients of the linear components of the approximation of the characteristics of the dependence of the pump head on the flow rate in the fuel supply control circuit in the water heating unit and the circuits of the water flow control units, respectively, at basic flow rates G11t, G12, G13, G14 and G17.

при которой в силу свойств самовыравнивания технологических процессов комплекса не требуется вмешательства со стороны системы управления, а возникающие колебания температуры теплоносителя достаточно сглаживаются в трубопроводах по пути к потребителю.The duration of the control signals is selected from the condition
min ti <Δti <max ti (i = 1,2 ... 5), (43)
where the threshold value max ti does not exceed the repetition period of the control signals for the movement of regulatory bodies T _y , and the threshold value min ti is practically 3 5 s and is determined by the permissible deviation of the main parameters

in which, due to the properties of self-alignment of the complex’s technological processes, no intervention from the control system is required, and the resulting fluctuations in the temperature of the coolant are sufficiently smoothed out in the pipelines on the way to the consumer.

 According to the structure of the formation of the duration of the control pulse (41) of the i-th control device, its partial component with a weight coefficient bij = 1 (i = 1, 2.5) is formed according to the information of its sensor, and in total all the others, depending on the rotation angles of other regulatory bodies similar devices. According to the first component, the rotation of the regulatory body is carried out in the first place, followed by a pause for the duration of receiving information about the rotation angles of other regulatory bodies and the formation of the corresponding first turn of the received additional information.

расчет потребных значений гидравлических сопротивлений регулирующих устройств потоков воды (26), (27);
определение положения регулирующих органов блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14 и 17 (28);
формирование уставок заданных значений параметров регулирования исполнительных элементов блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14, 17 в зависимости от тепловой нагрузки АВК на базе табличных значений, полученных на этапе проектирования и хранящихся в памяти УП 40;
определение значений весовых коэффициентов взаимосвязи управления блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14 и 17 (42);
передача необходимой информации регулирующим устройствам блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14 и 17 для обеспечения их функционирования;
включение оборудования АВК, в том числе розжиг котлов с использованием устройств их "штатной" автоматики;
контроль выхода котлов АВК на заданный режим работы на базе измерения основных параметров технологических процессов и сравнения по времени с табличным их значением, полученным на этапе наладки системы и хранящимся в памяти УП 40;
определение факта выхода котлов АВК на заданный режим работы по допустимому отклонению регулируемых параметров блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14 и 17 от заданных расчетных их значений (10 -15%);
включение в работу регулирующих устройств блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14, 17 и контроль их "втягивания" в процесс регулирования по информации отклонения параметров от заданных их значений (10 -5%) через определенные промежутки времени 5, 10 и 15 мин;
в случае расходимости процесса "втягивания" регулирующих устройств - повторение задания исходной информации и повторение этого процесса при суженном значении начального отклонения параметров (5 10%);
постоянный контроль с дискретом 1 мин отклонения измеренных значений регулируемых параметров от расчетных их значений и фиксация отказа регулирующего устройства при отклонении измеряемого его датчиком параметра более чем на 10 -15%
контроль работы регулирующих устройств блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14, 17 по числу срабатываний на интервале времени 1 2 ч и положению регулирующих органов относительно крайних их значений;
взятие управления "на себя" при аномалиях в работе регулирующих устройств блоков 11т, 12, 13, 14 и 17;
архивизация данных по работе АВК и передача необходимой информации на диспетчерский пункт управления (ДПУ).A feature of the use of adjustable devices of blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, and 17 in a two-level AVK control system is the possibility of correcting the calculated values of the position of control valves using information on the direct deviation of the main adjustable parameters from the set values. In this regard, the role of such devices is the exact maintenance of the given parameter values due to the uncertainty of a number of characteristics of the AVK equipment and the heating system. And the greater this uncertainty, the more significant is the use of parameter regulation using feedback information. However, the operation of the AVK control system at the lower level of the hierarchy based on the control devices of blocks 11, 12, 13, 14, and 17 will be satisfactory only for small increments of parameter disturbances. With their large increments, especially at the stage of firing up boilers, and with a significant change in heat load, it is necessary to use the calculation formulas (1) (26) and the control of the ABC is carried out using UP 40. The list of the main tasks of the UP includes:
determination of the required flow rate of hot water for heating G2 in accordance with the condition of ensuring a given pressure drop at the consumer (1);
assessment of the AVK heat load and determination of the required flow rates of water flows through the regulating elements of the AVK hydraulic system to ensure this load:

calculation of the required values of hydraulic resistances of regulating devices of water flows (26), (27);
determination of the position of the regulatory bodies of blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14 and 17 (28);
the formation of the setpoints of the set values of the control parameters of the actuating elements of the blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14, 17 depending on the heat load of the AVK based on the tabular values obtained at the design stage and stored in the memory of unitary enterprise 40;
determination of the values of the weighting coefficients of the interconnection of the control units 11t, 12, 13, 14 and 17 (42);
the transfer of necessary information to the regulatory devices of blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14 and 17 to ensure their functioning;
inclusion of AVK equipment, including ignition of boilers using devices of their “standard” automation;
control of the output of AVK boilers to a predetermined mode of operation based on measuring the main parameters of technological processes and comparing them in time with their tabular value obtained at the stage of system commissioning and stored in the memory of UP 40;
determination of the fact that the AVK boilers reach the specified operating mode by the permissible deviation of the adjustable parameters of the blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14 and 17 from their calculated values (10 -15%);
inclusion in the operation of the regulating devices of blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14, 17 and control of their “retraction” into the regulation process according to the information of the deviation of the parameters from their given values (10 -5%) at certain intervals of 5, 10 and 15 minutes;
in the case of divergence of the process of “retraction” of control devices - repeating the initial information and repeating this process with a narrowed initial deviation of the parameters (5 10%);
continuous monitoring with a 1 minute discrete deviation of the measured values of the adjustable parameters from their calculated values and fixing the failure of the regulating device when the deviation of the parameter measured by its sensor by more than 10 -15%
monitoring the operation of the regulating devices of blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14, 17 by the number of operations in the time interval 1 2 h and the position of the regulatory bodies relative to their extreme values;
taking control "upon oneself" with anomalies in the operation of the regulating devices of blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14 and 17;
archiving data on the operation of the AVK and transferring the necessary information to the control room control center (DPU).

 When addressing the issues of reliable operation of AVK equipment, the functions of the regulating devices of blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14, 17 can be implemented in UP 40.

 The interaction structure of the UP 40 with the control devices of the blocks 11t, 12, 13, 14, 17, which are usually identified with the concept of controllers (digital controllers), is shown using the time diagram in FIG. 7. The interaction process is considered in time at all the main stages of operation from ignition to shutdown of AVK boilers, diagrams of connecting the main AVK devices, changes in heat load, control signals of fuel supply and water flow control units, rotation angles of control valves and reaction of changes in the main technological parameters are shown thermal processes AVK.

 In FIG. Figure 8 shows a sequential small change in heat loads to provide DHW Q2 and heating Q1, and then their sharp change, in which in this case the controllers can not cope with their tasks. In fixing this fact, UP 40, which has more capabilities than controllers, takes over the control of the AVK. Later, in a more relaxed environment, he makes another attempt to connect the controllers for more accurate stabilization of the parameters of the AVK technological processes, and if the processes are unacceptably developing, which may be due to an approaching emergency, the UP 40 carries out an emergency shutdown of the AVK with a message to the control center control (in Fig. 1 is not shown).

List of cited sources
1. V. I. Manyuk et al. "Guide to the adjustment and operation of water heating networks." M. Stroyizdat, 1982, p. 197.

 2. S.F. Spears. Heat supply. M. Gos. published according to C and A, 1953, p. 129 - 131, 196 197.

 3. "Industrial Pipe Fittings", catalog, TsINTIkhimnefmash. M. 1991, part IV, p. 101.

 4. M. G. Chilikin et al. "Theory of an automated electric drive". M. 1979, p. 406.

 5. Materials from the exhibition "Stroymash-96", AMT 0012-0090 / RN513.

 6. V. S. Chistyakov. "Quick reference to thermotechnical measurements." M. Energoatomizdat, 1990, p. 150,183.

 7. B. M. Kagan, V.V. Stashin. "Fundamentals of the design of microprocessor automation devices." M. Energoatomizdat, 1987, p. eleven.

 8. U. Titze et al. "Semiconductor circuitry." M. Mir, 1982, p. 170, 389, 393, 398.

 9. V.N. Bogoslovsky and A.N. Scanawi. "Heating". M. Stroyizdat, 1991, p. 241.

 10. M.A. Mikheev and I.M. Mikheeva. "Basics of heat transfer." M. Energy, 1977, p. 257.

 11. GRUNDFOS, Gesamtkatal, Ausgsbl Marz, 1989, p. 418.

 12. E.P. Stephanie. The basics of building industrial control systems. M. Energy Publishing, 1982, p. 320.

Claims (31)

 1. A method for controlling a heating and hot water supply complex, including receiving signals corresponding to current values of the water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the water heating unit, and maintaining the parameters of the technological mode of the boiler room, for example, the level of heat and hot water consumption by regulating the flow of water in the circuits complex, characterized in that it additionally receives signals corresponding to the current values of the water temperature at the inputs and outputs of heat consumption systems, receive signals corresponding to Signals corresponding to the current values of the outdoor air temperature and the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the consumption system, which correspond to the current values of the coolant flow rate before the inlets of the heat consumption systems for heat supply and hot water in the heat and hot water supply circuits, respectively, and also on the feed line of the heat supply circuit heat for heat supply, in addition, receive signals corresponding to the current values of the output characteristics of the flow control units, first set the control signals corresponding to certain calculated parameters of the required operating condition of the complex and providing the removal of the actuating elements of the water heating unit and flow control units to the appropriate positions, then control the parameters of the technological modes of the complex, including the temperature of the water at the inlet and outlet of the water heating unit and the outputs of the consumption systems heat, as well as the pressure drop of water by comparing them with the required values, receive and process differential signals and form a signal In order to control the displacement of the actuating elements of the blocks relative to the previously established positions, moreover, in case of a violation of the technological mode of the complex’s operation, as well as with a deliberate change in the operating mode, for example, when the season is changed, the control signals are set again corresponding to the calculated ones, the process of outputting the actuating elements of the water heating block and the blocks is repeated flow control to the required positions and the corresponding formation of control signals, while the specified parameter values are set they are set in accordance with the set heating schedule while maintaining a constant pressure drop of the heating water at the consumer and maintaining a constant temperature for the analysis of hot water supply, and for the water heating unit and for each flow control unit, the required values are determined, for example, the duration of the control action, which then form control signals, while the generated signals are compared with threshold values for the water heating unit and each control unit anija stream is fed control signals whose duration exceeds the respective predetermined threshold values. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the predetermined pressure drop between the input and output of the heat consumption system is determined by the formula
D _p 39 = P _AB + S _LL • G20 ² + S _LL • (G20 - G22) ² ,
where R _av the pressure difference of the consumer in the heating system established by the standards;
S _LL hydraulic resistance of the heating main;
G20 the required flow rate of heating water, determined using a flow meter installed at the inlet of the heat consumption system;
G22 water flow rate to feed the circulation circuit of the heating water, determined using a flow meter installed in the feed line of this circuit. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the values of the set temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the heat consumption system, as well as at the outlet of the hot water supply circuit are determined by the formulas

where t32, t33 and t36, respectively, are the set temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the first heat consumption system and at the output of the second heat consumption system;
t1 and t2 are the temperature of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the consumer in accordance with a typical heating schedule of the consumer for the current value of the outdoor temperature 38 measured by the corresponding temperature sensor;
t _{p the} water temperature set by the standards for the consumer of hot water supply;
G21 water consumption by the consumer of hot water supply, measured by a corresponding sensor at the boiler outlet;
c20 and c21 are the specific heat capacities of the streams corresponding to the flow rates of water G20 and G21;
ΔQ1, ΔQ2 and ΔQp - heat losses determined in accordance with the standards in the pipelines for supplying and returning heating water to the consumer, as well as in the pipeline of the hot water supply circuit, depending on the temperature of the respective water flows and the temperature of the outside air.  4. An automated hot-water boiler room for controlling the heating and hot water supply complex, including a water heating unit with supply and outlet headers, a connected piping system with fittings forming the first circulation circuit connected to these collectors and interacting with the first heat consumption system, a recirculation circuit connected with the supply and exhaust manifolds of the water heating unit and connected in this part to the first circulation circuit, and a bypass line connected to the supply and exhaust manifolds, the first, second and third flow control units, the first, second, third and fourth control units, as well as the first and second water temperature sensors and a differential pressure sensor, the first, second and third flow control units are installed respectively in the first circulation circuit, in the recirculation circuit and on the bypass line, the differential pressure sensor is installed in the first circulation circuit with one input in front of the heat consumption system, and another input behind it, the first and second sensors Water temperature indicators are installed in the first circulation circuit, with the first water temperature sensor installed behind the bypass line, the first, second and third control units of the first output are connected to the control input of the first, second and third flow control units, and the fourth control unit of the first output is connected to the control input of the water heating unit, characterized in that it is equipped with a second heat consumption system, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh flow control units, a preparation unit in odes, the fifth, sixth and seventh control units, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth water temperature sensors, an air temperature sensor and a control processor, moreover, in the boiler room there are a water-folding circuit, a make-up line and a second circulation circuit connected to the supply and discharge manifolds the heating unit of the lead, combined in this part with the first circulation circuit and the recirculation circuit and connected to the first input and output of the second heat consumption system, and the feeding line connected to the connection connected to the second input and outputs of the second heat consumption system, a water-circulation circuit connected to the heated water consumption system, the fourth flow control unit installed in the second circulation circuit, the fifth and sixth flow control units installed in the water-circulation circuit, respectively, before input tap water and behind it, and the seventh flow control unit is located on the make-up line, while the water treatment unit is installed in the second circulation circuit, the first the second unit for determining the flow rate of water is installed in the first circulation circuit in front of the first heat consumption system, the second unit for determining the flow rate is installed in the water-circulation circuit in front of the heated water consumption system, and the third unit for determining flow rate is installed on the make-up line, for example, in front of the seventh flow control unit, moreover, the second temperature sensor is installed behind the first heat consumption system in front of the bypass line, the third and fourth temperature sensors are installed respectively behind in front of the supply collectors of the water heating unit in terms of combining the first and second circulation circuits and the recirculation circuit, with the fourth sensor installed behind the junction of the recirculation circuit with the combined part of the first and second circulation circuits, the fifth and sixth temperature sensors are installed in the water-circulating circuit respectively, in front of the second entrance and the second exit of the second heat consumption system, and the air temperature sensor is installed outside the boiler room, and the fifth, sixth the seventh control units of the first output are connected to the control input of the fourth and fifth flow control units and the water treatment unit, respectively, and the information inputs of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth control units are connected to the information bus, while their control inputs, as well as control inputs the sixth and seventh control units are connected to the control bus, and the sixth and seventh control units of the control outputs are connected respectively to the inputs of the fifth flow control unit and b eye water treatment, the water temperature sensors, temperature sensor, flow sensor differential pressure, flow, water heating unit and blocks flow regulation outputs connected to the data bus connected to the control processor, the output connected to the control bus automated boiler.  5. A boiler room according to claim 4, characterized in that the fourth flow control unit is installed in front of the input of the second heat consumption system.  6. A boiler room according to claim 4, characterized in that the fourth flow control unit is installed behind the first output of the second heat consumption system.  7. Boiler room according to claim 4, characterized in that the flow control unit is made in the form of a pump with performance control, and the control inputs for starting and controlling the pump capacity are connected respectively to the first and second control inputs of the flow control, the information outputs of which are connected to electrical outputs pump.  8. The boiler room according to claim 4, characterized in that the first, second, third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a pump with performance control.  9. A boiler room according to claim 4, characterized in that the flow control unit is made in the form of a constant-flow pump and a controllable valve sequentially installed in parallel, and the control inputs of the pump start-up and the regulation of the position of the valve control are connected respectively to the first and second control inputs of the flow control unit , the information outputs of which are connected to the electrical outputs of the corresponding valve.  10. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4 and 9, characterized in that the first, second, third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of constant capacity pumps and control valves.  11. The boiler room according to claim 9, characterized in that the flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, wherein the control input and information output of the valve are connected to the corresponding input and output of the flow control unit.  12. Boiler room in paragraphs. 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and fourth flow control units are made in the form of controlled valves, and the second and third flow control units are made in the form of controlled valves and pumps of constant capacity, the pump of the second flow control unit being installed in front of the feed manifold of the water heating unit and the pump of the third flow control unit is installed on the output section of the bypass line.  13. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and second flow control units are made in the form of pumps and adjustable valves, and the third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of adjustable valves, wherein the adjustable valve of the first flow control unit is installed in front of the bypass line, and the pump is behind it, while the pump of the second flow control unit is installed behind the part of the recirculation circuit combined with the first circulation circuit.  14. The boiler room according to claim 9, characterized in that the pump of the first flow control unit is installed downstream of the bypass line.  15. The boiler room according to claim 9, characterized in that the adjustable valves of the first and third flow control units are installed at the junction of the first circulation circuit with the output of the bypass line.  16. The boiler room according to claim 11, characterized in that the adjustable valves of the first and third flow control units are combined and made in the form of a three-way valve according to the mixer circuit.  17. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 7, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and fourth flow control units are made in the form of controlled valves, the second flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump installed in front of the supply manifold of the water heating unit, and the third control unit made in the form of a pump with performance control.  18. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and second flow control units are made in the form of controlled valves, and the third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the pump of the fourth flow control unit is installed on the registration line of the first and second circulation circuits.  19. The boiler room according to paragraphs 4, 7, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and second flow control units are made in the form of controlled valves, the third flow control unit is made in the form of a pump with performance control, and the fourth control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump installed on the line combining the first and second circulation circuits.  20. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the second and third flow control units are made in the form of controlled valves, and the pump of the first flow control unit is installed downstream of the bypass line and the pump of the fourth flow control unit in the part of the second circulation circuit combined with the recirculation circuit.  21. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first, second and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the third flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, and the pump of the first flow control unit is installed downstream of the bypass line .  22. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve and a pump installed behind the output of the bypass line, the third flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, and the second and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a pump with performance management.  23. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, and the second, third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the pump of the fourth flow control unit is installed in part of the second circulation circuit combined with the first circulation circuit.  24. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 7, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, the second and third flow control units are made in the form of a pump with variable flow rate, and the fourth flow control unit in the form of a controlled valve and constant flow pump, mounted on a part of the circulation circuit, combined with the first circulation circuit.  25. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, and the second, third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the pump of the second flow control unit is installed in front of the feed manifold on part of the recirculation circuit, combined with the first and second circulation circuits.  26. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, the second flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump installed in front of the supply manifold on a part of the recirculation circuit combined with the first and second circulation circuits and the third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of pumps with adjustable performance.  27. Boiler room 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first, third and fourth flow control units are made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the second flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, and the pump of the fourth flow control unit is installed on the part of the second circulation a circuit combined with a recirculation circuit.  28. Boiler room 4, 7, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and third flow control units are made in the form of a pump with variable displacement, the second flow control unit is made in the form of a controllable valve, and the fourth block is made in the form of a controllable valve and a constant displacement pump installed on the part of the second circulation circuit combined with the recirculation circuit.  29. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first, second and third flow control units are made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant flow pump, and the fourth flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve, and the pump of the second flow control unit is installed in part of the recirculation loop combined with a second circulation circuit.  30. Boiler room in paragraphs. 4, 7, 9 and 11, characterized in that the first and third flow control units are made in the form of pumps with adjustable capacity, the second flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve and a constant capacity pump installed in the part of the recirculation circuit combined with the second circulation contour, and the fourth flow control unit is made in the form of a controlled valve.  31. The boiler room according to claim 4, characterized in that the control units and the control processor are located in one housing.

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