RU2090479C1 - Container storehouse - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agrarian-industrial complexes using vertical and horizontal transport, mechanized storehouses; devices for storage and transportation of solid and loose materials and small-size articles. SUBSTANCE: contains storehouse with mechanized loading, transportation and unloading of products has charging device, vertical rows of working member installed for transfer of product from one working member to the other, and reciprocating-action mechanism. Vertical row working members are hinge-mounted on fixed support and are made in form of containers. Vertical rows of working members are displaced relative to each other in vertical plane through mean distance equal to quotient of distance between two containers adjacent in vertical by number of vertical rows, forming screw transporting surface. Vertical row containers are interconnected within the limits of each row by means of tie-rods to provide simultaneous displacement in vertical be means of reciprocating-action mechanism coupled with one of containers with turning through joints to side of discharge into containers of other adjacent vertical row. Charging device is installed for charging in portions and introduction of additions to prevent spoiling of products. Some containers have screens in discharge portion between bottom and top for screening wastes into sublattice part of container for subsequent removal. Container storehouse provides complete mechanization of processes of charging, storage and discharging of products with sorting out and removal of wastes, improves preservation of products, cuts down service and storage expenses. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 5 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for storing and moving bulk and small-sized materials and products, in particular to mechanized warehouses, and can be used in various industries using both their storage and movement in a vertical and horizontal plane, especially suitable in the agricultural sector for storage, movement, size separation with screening of the remaining land of potatoes, beets and other hard root crops.

 Basically, two types of storages of potatoes and root crops in bulk in stacks and in containers are known, on the basis of which a large number of projects have been created.

 A typical project of a container-type potato storage with a capacity of 2000 tons of storage is known. In it, potatoes are stored in containers with a capacity of 440 kg, and transported by an electric forklift, with a storage height of 5.2 meters. This type of storage has serious drawbacks, as special facilities are required for storage of containers and bulk potatoes, the capacity is small per 1 square meter of storage area, reaching only 0.9 tons; low safety of products; high operating costs; high construction costs.

 As the closest tax, the invention of a. from. N 1740274, cl. B 65 G 25/00, 1992, which presents a conveyor warehouse with mechanized loading, moving and unloading products, containing a loading device, vertical rows of working bodies installed with the ability to reload the product from one working body to another, while the working bodies of one of vertical rows pivotally mounted on a fixed frame and a reciprocating mechanism.

 The aim of the present invention is a fully mechanized warehouse for storing potatoes and root crops, other products; with mechanized acceptance, transportation, if necessary, drying, sorting, waste disposal, packaging, and at the same time ensuring their maximum safety.

 To achieve this goal, in a conveyor warehouse with mechanized loading by moving and unloading products containing a loading device, vertical rows of working bodies installed with the ability to reload the product from one working body to another, while the working bodies of one of the vertical rows are pivotally mounted on a fixed frame, and a reciprocating mechanism, according to the invention, the working bodies of other vertical rows are pivotally mounted on a fixed frame and made in the form of a container s, and the vertical rows of the working bodies are offset relative to each other in a vertical plane by an average distance equal to the quotient of dividing the distance between two vertically adjacent containers by the number of vertical rows with the formation of a screw conveying surface, while the containers of vertical rows are interconnected by rods for simultaneous vertical movement by means of a reciprocating mechanism associated with one of the containers with rotation through hinges to the side of unloading into containers of another adjacent vertical row, and the loading device is installed with the ability to load in portions and make various additives to protect the product from spoilage. In the proposed conveyor warehouse, part of the containers in the unloading part between the bottom and the top have sieves for screening waste into the under-sieve part of the container and their subsequent disposal. This embodiment of the warehouse allows you to transship the cargo from one row to an adjacent, the same vertical row, while moving it horizontally, sorting, drying and removing soil residues, as well as packaging and ensures their maximum safety.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings and diagrams, which show the structural characteristics and method of operation of the conveyor warehouse.

 In FIG. 1 shows a boot device; in FIG. 2 container diagram; in FIG. 3 section along the long side of the warehouse; in FIG. 4 cut on the short side and the unloading device; in FIG. 5 location of the working bodies and devices in the plan; in FIG. 6, 7 scheme of the conveyor warehouse; in FIG. 8 scheme of filling containers in a conveyor warehouse.

 The conveyor warehouse has a loading device (Fig. 1), consisting of a tipping hopper 1 with a hydraulic jack 2, mounted on the hopper 1 using a movable hinge 3 and a fixed 4 on the frame. The tray part of the hopper is mounted on a swivel joint 5. To enable the product to be loaded in portions, a scale is provided 6. A hydraulic tilter is provided for receiving and tipping cars with cargo 7. 8. A hopper 9 with a dispenser 10 placed above hopper 1.

 In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the working body of the tipping container 11.30.

 In FIG. 3, 4, 5, a conveyor warehouse is shown directly, with mechanized loading, moving and unloading of products, consisting of the same rotary working bodies of the containers 11.30, and the unloading container 31 with an elongated unloading part. Each working body - the container has a swivel hinge 32 and a movable hinge 33. All containers are vertically placed in six sections.

 In FIG. 6 shows the placement of containers.

 In section I, containers 11,17,23,29 are placed; II containers 12,18,24,30; III containers 13,19,25,31; IV containers 14,20,26; V containers 15,21,27; VI containers 16,22,28.

 Within each vertical section, all containers in place of the movable hinges 33 are interconnected by rods 34 of a reciprocating mechanism. In addition, the rod part of the hydraulic jack 35 of the reciprocating mechanism is attached to each upper container of each section. Each upper container rests on its fixed support 36 with its loading part. Each upper container 26,27,28,29,30,31 is leading from the jack 35, all the underlying 11.25 are driven through rods 34 on which they are suspended from the leading container and connected between themselves. The working bodies of containers 11.30 are installed in vertical rows with the ability to reload the product from one working body to another, and the vertical rows of working bodies are offset relative to each other in a vertical plane by an average distance S equal to the quotient of dividing the distance H between two vertically adjacent containers by the number n vertical rows, with the formation of a helical conveying surface S = H / n. The unloading container 31 has an elongated unloading part with a sieve 37 for screening the remaining soil and filler from the oversize space 38 into the under-sieve space 39. The cleaned product from the oversize space 38 of the container 31 is transferred to a gravity drain device consisting of a grating part 40 and a smooth 41, according to which the product enters the hopper 42, from where it is conveyed by the conveyor 43 for packaging in the device 44,45, and so on, for sale or processing. Screenings from the under-sieve space 39 of the unloading container 31, as well as from the sieve 40, are discharged into the waste bunker 46, from where they are conveyed by the conveyor 47 to the waste storage 48. To supply an inert gas that protects the products from decay, a generator 49 with a refrigeration unit, a grill 50 for external air supply, and a grill 51 for supplying cooled inert gas to the hermetic storage 52. For control of conveyor warehouse systems, a control panel 53 is used. Room 54 has a hydraulic pump station for supplying work whose liquids are in hydraulic jacks. Sale or processing of the product takes place at room 55.

 Conveyor warehouse operates as follows.

 A product, for example, potatoes, which is weighed on a scale 6, is poured into the tipping hopper 1 from the truck body with a load of 7 using a tilter 8. Powder or fine-grained substance protecting the products from rotting is fed into the same hopper 1 from the hopper 9 through the batcher 10. After that, from the hopper 1 with a hydraulic jack 2, the potato is moved to the working body of the conveyor warehouse by the container 11 of the section I. Next, the containers 11,17,23,29 of the section 1 by the hydraulic jack 35 through the lead container 29 and the connecting rods 34 by the hydraulic jack 35 simultaneously rise and everyone makes a rotary movement through hinges 33 of each container. Entering the highest position (Fig. 3), the potatoes from the container 11 smoothly transferred to the container 12 of section II. After unloading, all containers of section I are returned to their original position. So the first cycle begins. Then, containers 12,18,24,30 of section II are lifted in a similar way to the containers of section III, where the product from the container 12 is transferred to the container 13 of section III. After unloading, the containers of section 11 are returned to their original position, and containers 13,19,25,31 of section III are moved in the same way towards section IV, where the product from container 13 is transferred to container 14 of section IV, and so on, from container 14 of section IV to container 15 of section V, and from container 15 to container 16 of section VI. Thus, the last container 16 of the first horizontal row of containers is loaded. Then, from the last, the remaining containers are 15,14,13,12,11 loaded in turn. Moreover, each time the last empty container is loaded, the first container 11 of section 1 is loaded. Thus, loading of all six containers of the first horizontal row ends cycle 1. At each transshipment, the product rises 1/6 of the height between adjacent containers.

 Next begins cycle II. By moving containers 16,22,28 of section VI, the product from the container 16 is transferred to the container 17 of the second row from the bottom of section 1. At the same time, the first container 11 of section I is loaded. Next, by the described movement, the product from containers 11,17 is transferred to containers 12, respectively. 18 sections II, and so on, until both horizontal rows are completely filled.

 Thus, during cycle II, the movement of the product and the filling of containers with it takes place at two levels simultaneously. Further, after filling both rows in the described manner, the containers 16,22 of section I are moved and the product from them is transferred to the containers 17,23 of section I. At the same time, the container 11 of section I is filled with the product. After that, the product is moved in three rows. Thus begins cycle III.

 Thus, in cycle I, the products move in one horizontal row, in cycle II in two, in cycle III in three, and in cycle IV in four rows until they are unloaded from the unloading container 31 (see Fig. 8, diagram of the filling of conveyor warehouse containers).

 The last unloading container 31 has an elongated unloading part, divided in half by a sieve 37 into a sieve part 38 and an under-sieve part 39. The product, moving through sita 36, is cleaned of impurities (earth, additives) that fall into the under-sieve space, from where they are dumped into the waste bunker 46 and fed through the conveyor 47 to the waste warehouse 48 for removal and disposal. The partially cleaned product from the oversize space 38 of the container 31 is moved by its own weight into the gravity drain device. First, along the grating part 40, through which the remaining screenings are removed to the hopper 46 for disposal, and smooth 41, through which the product enters the hopper 42, from where it is conveyed to the device 44.45 for packaging for sale or processing.

 To ensure the safety of the product (potato), an inert gas supply from the generator 49 is provided, from where the cooled gas is supplied through the grates 50 and 51 to the sealed storage 52. After loading, the loading door closes. The whole process of moving the product, filling containers, cleaning and sorting is carried out from the control panel 53.

The application of the proposed conveyor warehouse allows you to:
fully mechanize the process of loading, storage and unloading of the product, as well as the removal of the remaining land, rotten tubers;
to place significantly more product on one square meter of space than in existing ones, because the warehouse can develop vertically to any available height. This will allow to save large areas and place such warehouses in the city, directly in stores and in places of processing, including at low-capacity enterprises;
to increase the safety of the product by creating the necessary gas environment or the introduction of fillers;
to dry the product during loading, directing the flow of warm air from the generator to the place of overload;
reduce operating costs;
reduce the cost of storage by reducing space, lower operating costs.

 This conveyor warehouse can be used to store potatoes, beets, carrots and other solid products, as well as for other materials.

 Sources of information.

 1. A typical project of a container-type potato storage with a capacity of 200 tons; TsITP 813-24 86, Moscow (analog).

 2. A.S. USSR N1740274, class B 65 G 25/00, 1992 (prototype).

Claims (2)

 1. A conveyor warehouse with mechanized loading, moving and unloading products, containing a loading device, vertical rows of working bodies installed with the ability to reload the product from one working body to another, while the working bodies of one of the vertical rows are pivotally mounted on a fixed frame, and the mechanism reciprocating action, characterized in that the working bodies of other vertical rows are pivotally mounted on a fixed frame and made in the form of containers, with vertical p The working bodies are displaced relative to each other in the vertical plane by an average distance equal to the quotient of dividing the distance between two vertically adjacent containers by the number of vertical rows, with the formation of a screw conveying surface, while the containers of vertical rows are interconnected by rods for simultaneous movement along vertical by means of a reciprocating mechanism associated with one of the containers, with rotation through hinges in the direction of unloading in cont tuners of another adjacent vertical row, and the loading device is installed with the possibility of loading the product in portions and making various additives to protect the product from spoilage.  2. Warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the containers in the unloading part between the bottom and top have screens for screening waste into the under-sieve part of the container and their subsequent disposal.

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