RU2089791C1 - Cabin ventilation system for air-conditioning of passenger aircraft fuselage compartments - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: air-conditioning systems of aircraft fuselage. SUBSTANCE: cabin ventilation system with air recirculation includes fresh air preparation unit 8 and air mixing device 9 and air-conditioning zone 10 located after device 9 which are connected in row relative to air flow. Connection is provided between inlet of unit 8 supply control unit 11 located before it. Fresh air (preferably air taken from engines) is fed to inlet of air supply control valve unit 11. Valve control unit 12 located between air mixing device 9 and air-conditioning zone 10 is used for compensation of air flow to whose inlet part of fresh air is fed which is supplied to air supply control valve unit 11. After air-conditioning zone, cabin air recirculation unit is located which supplies mixing device 9 with prepared recirculated air. Air recirculation unit consists of unit 7 of corpuscle filters and/or deodorizer filters, ventilation unit 6, carbon dioxide absorption unit 5 and heat exchanger unit 4 through which recirculating air being prepared flows in above-mentioned succession. This air is fed to air mixing device 9 and after mixing it with fresh air, mixture is directed to air-conditioning zone. System is controlled by means of cabin pressure control unit 1, air-conditioning plant control unit 2 and cabin zone control unit 3 to which control circuits 13 are connected. These control circuits are connected with fresh air preparation unit 8, air mixing unit 9, air-conditioning zone 10 and additional control valve units 11 and 12, thus realizing the required control of supply of fresh air, recirculating air, pressure and temperature in ventilation system of cabin with air recirculation. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 10 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a cabin ventilation system for air conditioning in the fuselage compartments of a passenger aircraft.

 With its help, it is possible to regulate the flow of fresh air supplied, including control of pressure and temperature, for the airtight fuselage of a passenger aircraft and to realize air recirculation in the cabin.

 There are known solutions in which a constant volume flow of fresh air is supplied to the airtight fuselage of known types of aircraft in all cases of being on the ground and in flight for ventilation of the passenger cabin, cockpit, compartments of electronic equipment and cargo compartments.

 In order to create a temperature and a flow rate of ventilation air that is favorable to those on the plane, a constant air flow is added to the fresh air, similar to the so-called recirculated air.

 In the case of recirculation air, this refers to used interior air, which is used a second time. At the same time, the valves for distributing the amount of air (control of air flow through the valves) coupled to fresh air supply devices (a set of equipment for air conditioning) are regulated in accordance with a constant volume flow (air purge). The flow rate can only be changed in case of errors.

 Exceptions are the additional air flow for ventilation of the cargo compartments and the so-called saving mode for the passenger compartment, with which another air flow can be set, however, its value is again constant.

 Thus, using these solutions, it is possible to turn on the economy mode, normal mode and maximum flow rate mode.

 In particular, the regulation of air conditioning in the aircraft is carried out in such a way that the temperature in the cabin and the cockpit is controlled by the temperature at the outlet of the set of equipment for air conditioning and with the help of the so-called compensation system.

 Using the temperature at the outlet of the air conditioning equipment, the lowest of all required air temperatures is set. By mixing hot compensating air from the motors, temperatures for other zones are regulated.

 With these decisions, the preparation of a high proportion of the air consumed for the passenger compartment is not carried out in an unfavorable way, since in this case the ventilation of the sealed fuselage is coordinated with the control and regulation of the volumetric air flow in accordance with the constant air flow (fresh or prepared recirculated air).

 There is no separate fresh air supply taking into account leakage compensation; it focuses on adequate ventilation of the sealed fuselage with a high proportion of fresh air, resulting in correspondingly increased total energy consumption or fuel consumption for the entire system.

 Pressure regulation in the sealed fuselage is disadvantageous regardless of the regulation of the amount of fresh air and temperature.

 At the same time, the air flow that leaves the sealed fuselage serves as an adjustable parameter. If the pressure in the sealed fuselage increases, then the air flow increases; if the pressure decreases, then the air flow decreases accordingly.

 The air quality in the passenger and service compartments (passenger compartment and cockpit) is currently ensured only with a constant flow of fresh (outdoor) air.

 In this case, the required supply of fresh air is functionally correlated with the required air quality for the cabin in these air-conditioning zones, the fraction of air for the cabin being routed through the particulate filter and then fed into the separately supplied fresh ventilation air as recirculated air.

 Since the interior air in these areas is clearly loaded with microbes, for example, bacteria and viruses (pathogens in the old air), and substances that create a smell, for example, human smells, or smells from food, etc. which are significantly influenced by the people on board the aircraft, the degree of purity of the air used with a clear increase in the proportion of recirculation in ventilation has a very adverse effect on the well-being of all passengers and crew due to poorly and insufficiently filtered recirculation air.

 Currently installed on-board filter systems do not meet the requirements with a clear increase in the proportion of recirculation in ventilation and cannot eliminate these adverse effects.

 In modern known systems, recirculation air is cleaned only with a particulate filter, and is not prepared again in such a way that it achieves the quality of fresh air.

 In addition, the share of carbon dioxide in the air in the passenger compartment, which, without adsorption, with a clear increase in the proportion of recirculation in ventilation, increases to unacceptably large values, significantly affects air quality.

 The known [1] solution discloses for this a device and a method for controlling or regulating the ventilation of a pressurized sealed space so that both the pressure and the concentration of carbon dioxide are maintained at a certain level.

 The specified space is air-conditioned in the manner described above, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure level, and a special sensing element detects the concentration of carbon dioxide.

 In fact, the measured values are supplied respectively to the control and regulation system, which compares the set and actual values.

 The result of the comparison affects the supply of fresh air under pressure, which is taken outside the enclosed space, as well as the level of pressure in the space.

 Then fresh air is mixed with part of the used exhaust air and again fed into the enclosed space. Thus, the pressure and concentration of carbon dioxide are automatically maintained at a certain level.

 With this solution, the ventilation of the passenger compartment is only coordinated with the control and regulation of carbon dioxide concentration and pressure in the cabin, both parameters automatically changing independently of each other in accordance with a predetermined level.

 With this solution, it is not possible to supply the supply air with a clean air conditioning and temperature control to the passenger compartment, because they refused to further prepare the part of the used exhaust air in terms of exemption from its inherent microbes (viruses and bacteria), smells and other contaminants and from establishing the desired temperature regime of the supply air entering the passenger compartment.

 Another solution for controlling and regulating the ventilation of a closed compartment reveals [2]. The device implements by means of an air shower the mixture of exhaust and fresh air into the cabin.

 Using a carbon dioxide control and regulation device, which is connected to a sensor that detects carbon dioxide concentration and is triggered by this sensor, and the sensor monitors the carbon dioxide concentration in the passenger compartment, a valve is used to control and regulate the fresh, aspirated outside the passenger compartment and supplied to the passenger compartment air depending on the registered concentration of carbon dioxide.

 The solution does not take into account the aspect of pressure and temperature control; the heat loads that are possibly inherent in the cabin are not removed, as well as air recirculation in the cabin focused on eliminating germs, odors and other contaminants.

 As a result of this, the invention is based on the task of implementing a typical interior ventilation system with air recirculation in such a way that when it reduces the supply of fresh air from the outside into the sealed fuselage, a large proportion of the exhaust air used in the air-conditioned area is prepared for people. Fresh air must be made in such a way that it is possible to regulate the pressure in the airtight fuselage from the point of view of maintaining it, first of all, restore pressure in flight with a decrease, and compensate for leaks from the airtight fuselage and remove most of the heat load from the airtight fuselage.

 Recirculation of air in the cabin ensures the maintenance of optimal air quality, which prevents the further spread of microbes (viruses and bacteria) present in the recirculated air that create odors of substances and other contaminants, maintains the established temperature regime, as well as adsorption of an excess share of carbon dioxide in the air salon.

 The recirculated air fed into the fresh air stream and thus prepared should contribute to increasing the humidity in the cabin. The fresh air supply system and recirculation should contribute, as a general system, to significant fuel savings or a reduction in overall energy consumption, as well as ensuring air quality and ventilation of the passenger aircraft.

 This task is related to the cabin ventilation system for air conditioning in the fuselage compartments of a passenger aircraft, which controls the fresh air flow for the pressurized fuselage, including pressure and temperature control, and realizes the recirculation of the cabin air, with a fresh air preparation unit and an air mixing device located after the last device with an air conditioning zone, which relative to the air flow are connected to each other in a row in which between the inlet of the fresh air preparation unit and an air supply control valve block located in front of it has a connection related to the air flow, wherein fresh air is supplied to the air supply control valve block inlet, which is preferably air sucked by at least one engine, in which the connection between the device for air flow the air mixing and conditioning zone includes a control valve block to compensate for the air flow, at the inlet of which part of the fresh air, which is supplied to the air supply control valve block, in which all the nodes and / or devices included in the air flow are connected to each other and / or the nodes and devices connected to the air conditioning zone are connected using connecting lines for supplying the air flow, and the air conditioning zone has a certain leak , which takes part of the exhaust air used in it outside the fuselage compartment, in which all conductive connections between functionally articulated nodes and / or devices and / or the cond zone The iterations, which are preferably electrically conductive, are interfaced from the point of view of information exchange, due to the fact that the particle filter unit and / or the odor filter unit, the ventilation unit, the carbon dioxide absorption unit and the heat exchanger unit are included in the air flow in this sequence and the nodes related to the air flow are connected to each other in a row, that the conditioning zone on the outlet side is connected relative to the air flow with the inlet of the block of corpuscular filaments air and / or from the filter unit for absorbing odors, the exhaust air used in the conditioning zone as recirculation air being supplied to the latter, such that the heat exchanger unit, to which external air is supplied outside the passenger aircraft, is connected to the other input of the device on the outlet side for mixing air relative to the air flow, and to the latter is prepared recirculated air that the pressure control device in the cabin, the control device the air conditioning units and the device for adjusting the zones of the cabin are connected in series electrically conductively and functionally, moreover, there is a mutual exchange of information between these elements that the valve block for controlling the air supply is electrically conductively and functionally connected to the device for regulating the pressure in the cabin, the fresh air preparation unit with the control system for the air conditioning installation and a heat exchanger unit with a device for adjusting the zones of the cabin, and between these elements There is a mutual exchange of information that, respectively, the input of the device for adjusting the zones of the cabin is connected to the device for mixing air and to a functional interface, which is connected to the connection for the air flow between the device for mixing the air and the conditioning zone, moreover, they are functionally connected on the input side to the device for regulating the zones the interior elements supply the latter with one-sided directional information that, accordingly, the output of the device for regulating the zones of the interior it is connected to the control valve block to compensate for the air flow and to the ventilation unit, and the elements functionally connected on the outlet side with the device for adjusting the interior zones receive one-way directional information from the latter.

 The interior ventilation system is made with a carbon dioxide absorption unit without it, and in its absence, the ventilation unit is connected directly from the heat exchanger from the point of view of air flow.

 The air conditioning zone is divided into the passenger cabin and the cockpit, which are separately air-conditioned zones.

 The passenger cabin and the cockpit are separately connected relative to the air flow with an air mixing device, the separate connections for supplying the air flow respectively having a functional interface, which is respectively connected from the point of view of electrical conductivity and is functionally connected to the input of the device for adjusting the zones of the cabin.

 The fresh air preparation unit consists of at least two fresh air preparation devices that are electrically conductive and functionally connected to the air conditioning unit control device, and there is a mutual exchange of information between these elements, and in front of which there are at least two air supply control valves, which relate to the block of air supply control valves, the inputs of which are separately supplied with fresh air, and which are functionally connected to the reg pressure inside the cabin, and between these elements is a mutual exchange of information.

 The control valve block for compensating for the air flow consists of at least two control valves for compensating for the air flow, which are included in a separate connection between the air mixing device and the passenger compartment and / or the cockpit, which is separate relative to the air flow, and air is separately supplied to their inlets for air flow compensation, and electrically conductively and functionally connected respectively to the output of the device for adjusting the zones of the cabin, the latter giving one-way output e directional information.

 Conducting connections are control circuits, the articulation of which from the point of view of conductivity within the cabin ventilation system, which is the cabin air recirculation system, provides information exchange with the control function between the elements in cruise flight mode.

 A particle filter unit and / or an odor absorption filter unit, a ventilation unit, a carbon dioxide absorption unit, and a heat exchanger unit are assembled from functionally identically operating devices that are combined into a corresponding unit.

 The carbon dioxide absorption unit is suitable for capturing a carbon dioxide component from recirculated air.

 The carbon dioxide absorption unit is assembled from filters on solids, preferably from filters on solid amine.

 For its regeneration, the use of waste heat of recirculated air, which is formed in the heat exchanger block, is provided.

 The advantages obtained by using the invention can mainly be seen in the fact that with the help of the cabin ventilation system, with a decrease in fresh air from the outside into the sealed fuselage of a passenger aircraft, a large proportion of the exhaust air used in the air-conditioned zone is used for cruising.

 The supply of fresh air is carried out in such a way that with the help of the cabin ventilation system it is possible to regulate in the sealed fuselage, including maintaining pressure, it is also possible to compensate for leaks from the sealed fuselage and most of the heat load can be removed from the sealed fuselage.

 Ventilation of the cabin with air recirculation ensures the maintenance of optimal air quality, which prevents the further spread of microbes (viruses and bacteria) located in the recirculated air that create odors by the substance and other contaminants, maintains the established temperature regime, as well as absorbs an excess share of carbon dioxide in the air of the cabin.

 The recirculated air supplied to the fresh air stream and thus prepared helps to increase the low humidity in the cabin. The fresh air supply and recirculation system, as a general system, significantly limits fuel consumption or total energy consumption in cruise flight mode.

 This system implements the required air quality or its ratio in a passenger aircraft, and a high degree of purity of the conditioned air is very favorable.

 In FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system in accordance with the invention; in FIG. 2, a special system in accordance with FIG. 1 without a carbon dioxide absorption unit; in FIG. 3 is a simplified image of a sealed fuselage with a partial image of a ventilation system with air recirculation (fresh air supply and recirculation system).

 For example, it is necessary to explain in more detail the ventilation system of the cabin in accordance with the invention.

 In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a cabin ventilation system for air conditioning in the fuselage compartments of a passenger aircraft, which in FIG. 2 is shown as a special system without a carbon dioxide absorber.

 FIG. 3 allows you to see a sealed fuselage that is ventilated using fresh air supplied from the outside and prepared inside the recirculation air. A mixture of fresh air and prepared recirculated air is supplied as supply air to the air conditioning zone or to the area where people are located (passenger compartment and cockpit).

 Also presented is an air stream of prepared fresh air, which is supplied to the remaining auxiliary compartments of the sealed fuselage.

 In accordance with FIG. 1, the cabin ventilation system consists of a fresh air preparation unit 8 and a device 9 for mixing air and air conditioning, which is turned on after the last zone 10, which are connected in series with the help of connecting lines 13 relative to the air flow.

 Between the inlet of the fresh air preparation unit 8 and the air supply control unit 11 connected in front of it, a connection is made to the connecting line 13 for the air flow.

 Fresh air drawn from the outside is supplied to the inlet of the air supply control valve block 11, which is preferably taken from the aircraft engines in the form of hot drawn air.

 A control valve block 12 for compensating the air flow with an air flow connection between the air mixing device 9 and the conditioning zone 10.

 A part of the selected fresh air is supplied to its inlet, which is taken from the place of interface 15 leading to the block 11 of the air supply control valves of the connecting line 13 for the air flow. Air conditioning zone 10 should be understood as an air-conditioned zone for accommodating people of a passenger aircraft, which, in particular, in accordance with FIG. 2, is divided into a separately air-conditioned passenger cabin 17 and a pilot cabin 18.

 This conditioning zone 10 has a leak 22 through which part of the used exhaust air is discharged outside the fuselage compartment.

 Part of the used exhaust air, up to 85% of which, in accordance with the example, after recirculation is supplied in the form of recirculated air, is supplied through the connecting line 13 for air flow to the ventilation unit of the cabin with air recirculation.

 This recirculation unit consists of a block 7 of particle filters and / or filters for absorbing odors, a ventilation unit 6, a block 5 for absorbing carbon dioxide and a heat exchanger block 4, which are included in the air stream.

 Corresponding connecting lines 13 for air flow connect these blocks with each other in a row relative to the air flow.

 The conditioning zone 10 on the outlet side is connected relative to the air flow with the inlet of the particle filter unit 7 and / or filters for absorbing odors.

 To the block 7 of copuscular filters and / or filters for absorbing odors, a portion of the air conditioning used in the air conditioning zone 10 is used as recirculating air.

 The heat exchanger unit 4, which is supplied with external cold air, which is taken outside the passenger aircraft, is connected relative to the air flow on the outlet side of the air recirculation unit for interior ventilation using the air flow connecting line 13 to the other input of the air mixing device 9.

Then, recirculated air prepared as part of the air recirculation unit for interior ventilation is supplied to this device. Prepared recirculated air,
a) which, using appropriate filters 7, is freed from components from recirculated air, preferably from particles and microbes, in particular from bacteria and viruses, and also from smells and other harmful substances (contaminants);
b) which is then freed by the carbon dioxide absorption unit 5 by absorbing excess carbon dioxide from the remaining carbon dioxide components, the regeneration of the carbon dioxide absorption filters, which according to the example are solid amine filters, is carried out using the recirculated waste heat gas from the heat exchanger unit 4; d) which is then cooled by means of heat exchanger 4 with the help of cold outside air supplied from the outside to the corresponding temperature regime with the corresponding heat level
thus achieves the appropriate and high-level air quality, which eliminates the threat to the aircraft in the area for people.

 The supply air supplied to this zone, which consists of mixed components brought in block 8 to the required temperature of fresh air and prepared recirculated air, is additionally brought to the set level using the block of 12 control valves before entering the conditioning zone 10 using the indicated fraction of the selected air to compensate for air flow.

 The corresponding control devices 1, 2, 3 are interconnected with blocks 4-8, 11-12 connected by means of connecting lines 13 for the air flow, the device 9 and the conditioning zone 10 of the described system, which control the flow of fresh air, including ventilation of the airtight fuselage, and also temperature control in the conditioning zone 10 and pressure control in the cabin inside the sealed fuselage.

 Accordingly, control loops 14, which are conductive, preferably electrically conductive, connect these elements to each other.

 The device 1 for regulating the pressure in the passenger compartment, the device 2 for regulating the air conditioning unit and the device 3 for regulating the zones of the passenger compartment are electrically conductively and functionally connected to each other. Between them is a mutual exchange of information.

 In addition, the block 11 of the air supply control valves with the pressure control device 1 in the cabin, the fresh air preparation unit 8 with the device 2 for regulating the air conditioning unit and the heat exchanger unit 4 with the device 3 for regulating the passenger compartment are electrically conductively and functionally connected.

 Between these elements is also a mutual exchange of information.

 Accordingly, the input of the interior zone adjusting device 3 is conductively connected to the air mixing device 9 with an interface 16, which is connected to an air flow connection between the air mixing device 9 and the air conditioning zone 10, and with the air conditioning zone 10.

 Elements that are functionally connected on the input side with the device 3 for regulating the zones of the passenger compartment give him one-way information.

 Accordingly, in exactly the same way, the output of the interior zone adjusting device 3 is conductively connected to the control valve block 12 to compensate for the air flow and to the ventilation unit 6.

 The elements that are functionally connected on the output side with the device 3 for controlling the interior zones receive from the latter one-sided directional information.

 The individual included control circuits 13, which are loaded with signal lines, are designed to transmit information about the control and regulatory values between the individual elements.

 These elements are triggered by the signals transmitted to them and include the functional passage of the command inside the control and regulation circuits.

 A specially designed solution compared to FIG. 1 can be borrowed from the system in accordance with FIG. 2. The system is presented with a cabin ventilation system with air recirculation in airplane flight mode.

 This control system for air conditioning in an airplane using a cabin ventilation system with air recirculation basically corresponds to the image of the cabin ventilation system in accordance with FIG. 1, the latter being presented without block 5 for absorbing carbon dioxide.

 However, the recirculation unit of this solution can also be operated with carbon dioxide absorbing unit 5, as this should be done according to the example in accordance with FIG. one.

 This block preferably consists of solid amine filters which realize the retention of the constituent components of carbon dioxide.

 The removed heat of the recirculation air (from the heat exchanger unit 4) should later be used to regenerate these filters.

 In addition, in this case, in accordance with an example, the fresh air preparation unit 8 consists of two fresh air preparation devices 8.1, 8.2 (nodes), the air supply control valve unit 11 consists of two air supply control valves 11.1, 11.2, and the control valve unit 12 to compensate for the air flow from the two valves 12.1, 12.2 control the air supply.

 Both valves 11.1, 11.2 in accordance with the air flow are located with the corresponding devices 8.1, 8.2 (air conditioning units) in front and are connected by connecting lines 13 for the air flow. Devices 8.1, 8.2 using connected after the connecting lines for the air flow are connected to the mixer 9.

 The latter provides the passenger cabin 17 and the cockpit separately with respect to the air flow along the two connecting lines 13 for the air flow with mixed air (supply air), which is already described in accordance with FIG. 1 is composed of prepared recirculated air of the passenger compartment ventilation unit with air recirculation and supplied to the fresh air control valves 11.1, 11.2.

 Both air flows are fed together to a mixer 9 and mixed. The air conditioning zone 10 is divided into the passenger compartment 17 and the cockpit 18, which are two separate zones with air conditioning.

 According to an embodiment, it is also possible to supply the cockpit 18 with conditioned fresh air from one of the two air conditioning units 8.1 or 8.2, and a connecting line 13 for supplying air between the two zones may be provided.

 Both control valves 12.1, 12.2 for air flow compensation, which are included in a separate connection relative to the air flow between the air mixing device 9 and the passenger cabin 17 and the cockpit 18, are loaded from the inlet side with air for compensation.

 This compensation air is used as part of fresh air taken from outside to compensate for the supply air leaving the mixer 9.

 This is done through two connecting lines 13 for the air flow, which connect the outputs of the control valves 12.1, 12.2 to compensate for the air flow with directing the supply air air bridges. The conditioning zone 10 in FIG. 2 should be understood as a closed air-conditioned area that has an air loss corresponding to the leak.

 The connection of the cabin ventilation unit with air recirculation with the conditioning zone 10 and with the mixer 9, which is assembled from the elements 4, 6, 7 connected in series, is carried out as in the image in accordance with FIG. one; in the same way, control devices 1, 2, 3 are arranged to control and regulate the air flow, including recirculation in accordance with this image.

 The control circuits 13 for transmitting information about the control and regulatory values are connected in accordance with the individual elements.

 In accordance with this, the cabin pressure control device 1, the air conditioning installation control device 2 and the cabin zone control device 3 are electrically conductive and functionally connected in series with each other, and information is exchanged between these elements.

 In addition, there is a functional connection between the two air supply control valves 11.1, 11.2 and the passenger compartment pressure control device 1, the latter supplying the corresponding information to these valves 11.1, 11.2 from the outlet side.

 Both nodes 8.1, 8.2 of fresh air preparation are also functionally connected by means of their measuring and control elements to device 2 for regulating the air conditioning installation.

 Between these elements 8.1, 8.2, 2 there is a mutual exchange of information. Two control valves 12.1, 12.2 for compensating the air flow, which are included in a separate connection related to the air flow between the air mixing device 9 and the passenger cabin 17 and the cockpit 18, moreover, compensation air is separately supplied to their inlets, functionally connected respectively to the output device 3 regulation of the zones of the cabin. The latter prepares the corresponding information for these valves 12.1, 12.2.

 Accordingly, the functional place of the interface 16, which is interfaced with separate connecting lines 13 for air flow between the device 9 for mixing air and the passenger cabin 17 or the cockpit 18, is functionally connected to two inputs of the device 3 of the regulation of the zones of the cabin, the information on the latter from the points of connection 16 transmitted in one direction.

 In addition, between the device 3 regulation zones of the cabin and the block 4 of the heat exchanger there is an electrically conductive functional connection.

 Between both elements the mutual exchange of information. The ventilation unit 6 is connected to the device 3 regulation zones of the cabin. The latter prepares one-way information for the ventilation unit 6.

 In the same way, the device 3 for adjusting the zones of the cabin with the help of control circuits 14 is connected to the elements of the mixing device 9 registering the relevant information, the passenger cabin 17 and the cockpit 18, which receives information on the state of the object obtained from these elements, respectively, using the measuring technique.

 FIG. 3 conveys a possible configuration of the interior ventilation system with air recirculation inside the passenger aircraft. Air flows reach the passenger compartment 17 and the cockpit 18 already discussed in FIG. 1 and 2 way.

 The figuratively presented sealed fuselage with pressure ventilation allows you to see in the image that in this case the cockpit 18 is provided with air-conditioned fresh air from the air conditioning units 8.1, 8.2.

 This fresh air, penetrating through the leak 22, enters the compartment 19 of the electronic equipment and then into the cargo compartment 20. It leaves the last compartment either through the exhaust valve 21 or through the leak 22 and thus penetrates out of the fuselage.

 The visual image shows that the block 7 of particle filters and / or filters for absorbing carbon dioxide and the block 4 of the heat exchanger, which, when connected together, are combined in the ventilation unit of the cabin with air recirculation, in practice, consist of several functionally equally working devices corresponding to them.

 Their number per unit is accordingly brought into line with the size of the aircraft or with the number on board.

 The solutions in accordance with the example demonstrate this partially closed system, which is designed to supply fresh air not for the primary maintenance of air quality in the cabin, but to compensate for leaks in the sealed fuselage.

 In this case, the supply of fresh air is only necessary to compensate for leaks from the fuselage. The air quality in the passenger compartment 17 and the cockpit 18 is maintained using a filter system 7.

 At the same time, the air consumed in the cabin is again prepared. A recirculation system with filters 7 is able to trap particles and microbes (bacteria and viruses), absorb odors, carbon dioxide and other pollution from the interior air.

By means of a ventilation system with air recirculation, valves 11.1 or 11.2 (FCV) are controlled in such a way that it can be realized
compensation for leakage losses in the sealed fuselage,
maintaining pressure, especially the restoration of pressure in flight with a decrease,
removal of most of the heat loads,
minimum fresh air flow to select filters.

 In accordance with these aspects, the regulation of the air conditioning units 8.1, 8.2 and the passenger compartment pressure maintaining system 1 (CPCS) is oriented. Pressure control is carried out at least temporarily with valve 11.2 (FCV).

 In this case, the pressure in the fuselage is no longer regulated by the air flow that leaves the fuselage, but by the supply of fresh air. The supply of fresh air is converted into a control quantity for regulating the pressure.

 Temperature control is carried out using a separate heat exchanger 4 installed in the recirculated air stream.

 Serves as a cooling medium, by analogy with the use in the air conditioning units, externally supplied external air (RAM-air). The regeneration of filters for the absorption of carbon dioxide, for example, filters based on solid amine, is carried out using the heat of recirculated air. This measure reduces the energy consumption of the entire system.

 These requirements are implemented by regulating the filling of the cabin, pressure and temperature of the ventilation system of the cabin with air recirculation, the control device of which 1, 2, 3 are consistent with each other.

 The ventilation system of the cabin with air recirculation, in accordance with the decision, is fully operational only in cruise flight mode, since there are cases on the ground in which the thermal loads generated in the passenger plane are not removed due to a small flow of fresh air.

 The filter system can also be operated in conjunction with well-known automatic air conditioning systems.

Claims (10)

 1. The ventilation system of the cabin for air conditioning in the fuselage compartments of the passenger aircraft, which controls the flow of fresh air, including pressure and temperature control for the pressurized fuselage and realizes air recirculation in the cabin, with a fresh air preparation unit and an air mixing device located after the latter devices with an air conditioning zone, which are connected to each other in a row relative to the air flow, in which between the inlet of the fresh air preparation unit and the air supply control valve block located in front of it has a connection related to the air flow, wherein fresh air is supplied to the air supply control valve block inlet, which preferably is sucked air drawn out from at least one engine, in which the connection between the device is allocated to the air flow for mixing air and the conditioning zone, a control valve block is included to compensate for the air flow, at the inlet of which part of the fresh air is supplied ha, which is supplied to the air supply control valve block, in which all the nodes and / or devices included in the air flow are connected to each other and / or the nodes and devices connected to the air conditioning zone are connected via connecting lines for supplying the air flow, wherein the air conditioning zone has a specific leak point through which part of the exhaust air used in this zone is removed outside the fuselage compartment, in which all conductive connections between the functionally articulated units, and / whether the devices and / or the conditioning zone, which are preferably electrically conductive, are interfaced from the point of view of information exchange, characterized in that the particle filter unit and / or odor absorption filter, the ventilation unit, the carbon dioxide absorption unit and the heat exchanger unit are included in the air the flow and nodes related to the air flow are connected to each other in a row, the conditioning zone on the outlet side is connected relative to the air flow with the inlet of the particle filter unit and / or and filters for absorbing odors, the latter being supplied with another part of the extracted air used in the conditioning zone as recirculated air, a heat exchanger unit, to which external air is supplied that is outside the passenger aircraft, on the outlet side is connected to another input of the air mixing device relative to air flow, and to the latter is prepared recirculated air, a pressure control device in the cabin, a control device and air conditioning and the device for regulating the zones of the cabin are electrically conductive and functionally connected in series, and information is exchanged between these elements, the valve block for controlling the air supply is electrically conductively and functionally connected to the device for regulating the pressure in the cabin, the unit for preparing fresh air with the device for regulating the air conditioning installation, and heat exchanger unit with a device for adjusting the zones of the cabin, and between these elements is carried out mutual exchange of information, respectively, the input of the device for adjusting the zones of the cabin is electrically conductively connected to the device for mixing air and to a functional interface, which is connected to the connection for the air flow between the device for mixing the air and the conditioning zone, and functionally connected on the input side to the device for regulating the zones of the cabin the elements supply the latter with one-sided directional information, respectively, the output of the device for adjusting the zones of the interior of the electric Leading connected to the control unit for compensating valves and air flow to the vent assembly, and operatively connected on the output side with a device regulating zones interior elements obtained from the latter unilaterally directional information.  2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with a block for absorbing carbon dioxide or without it, and in its absence, the ventilation unit is connected in accordance with the air flow directly with the heat exchanger block.  3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air conditioning zone is divided into the passenger compartment and the cockpit, which are separately air-conditioned zones.  4. The system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the passenger cabin and the cockpit are separately connected relative to the air flow with an air mixing device, and the separate connections for supplying the air flow respectively have a functional interface, which is respectively electrically conductive and functionally connected to the input of the device for regulating the zones of the cabin.  5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fresh air preparation unit consists of at least two fresh air preparation devices that are electrically conductive and functionally connected to the air conditioning installation control device, and there is a mutual exchange of information between these elements, and before with which at least two air supply control valves are located in accordance with the air flow, which belong to the block of air supply control valves, the inputs of which are separately fresh air is supplied, and which are functionally connected by a line with a device for regulating the pressure in the cabin, and information is exchanged between these elements.  6. The system according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the control valve block for compensating for the air flow consists of at least two control valves for compensating the air flow, which are included in a separate connection between the air mixing device and the passenger compartment relative to the air flow and / or cockpit, moreover, air is separately supplied to their inputs for compensation, and accordingly, they are electrically conductive and functionally connected to the output of the device for adjusting the zones of the cabin, t on the output side is one-way information.  7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive connections are control circuits, the articulation of which from the point of view of conductivity within the ventilation system of the cabin, which is an air recirculation system in the cabin, provides information exchange with a control function between the elements in cruise flight mode .  8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of particle filters and / or filters for absorbing odors, the ventilation unit, the block for absorbing carbon dioxide, and the heat exchanger block are assembled from functionally identically working devices that are combined into the corresponding block.  9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of particle filters and / or filters for absorbing odors is suitable for trapping the components of recirculated air, preferably particles and microbes, in particular bacteria and viruses, and in addition odors and other contaminants.  10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbon dioxide absorption unit is suitable for collecting carbon dioxide components from recirculated air and is assembled from filters on solids, preferably from filters on solid amine, and for its regeneration, the use of recirculated waste heat is provided air.

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