RU208622U1 - NAIL - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model can be used as a nail and anchor at the same time, for fastening wooden, plasterboard, wood-fiber and wood-shaving structures, as well as containers, furniture, for installation in wooden, concrete, brick materials, for fastening hinged facade structures, building scaffolding, suspended ceilings, metal frames, etc. Nails are fasteners that look like a rod with a pointed end and a cap on the other side. At the same time, a rod with a hat can have a variety of shapes and sizes, which are determined by the purpose of the product. With all the variety of said fasteners, it is characterized by a general principle: the holding force is friction along the lateral surface, which is increased with the help of artificial roughness, notches, broadening and deformation. The proposed utility model, being relatively simple to manufacture, provides high performance in terms of fastening parts (nail) and stretching (anchor). The hammered product consists of a metal rod of a round profile with a point at its end and a head at the opposite end, the cross section of the rod is transformed into a multi-pointed star, the ribs of the star have the form of a plate of trapezoidal section, along the length of the rib they have a continuous helicoidal outline around the axis of the rod. The main force factor is the work of flat ribs by pressure on the embedding material along the entire length of the rod, covering the adjacent embedding material volumetrically for the entire width and height of multi-start ribs, while the indicators do not change even when driving a nail along the fibers (in a tree). The practically equal load-bearing capacity of the product both under load and in pulling allows it to be used simultaneously as a nail and an anchor, increases its functionality, efficiency, and versatility in use. 4 FIG.

Description

The utility model can be used as a nail and anchor at the same time, for fastening wooden, plasterboard, wood-fiber and wood-shaving structures, as well as containers, furniture, for installation in wooden, concrete, brick materials, for fastening hinged facade structures, building scaffolding, suspended ceilings, metal frames, etc.

From the prior art nails GOST 4028-63 Construction nails and GOST 283-75 Wire nails, made in the form of a rod with a head and a pointed end.

The disadvantage of the nails of the above design is the small area of the contact surface, low resistance against rotation of both the fastened parts and the nail itself, and the absence of anchor properties.

A nail is known, consisting of a metal rod of a round profile (section) with a tip at its end and a head at the opposite end of the rod (Patent RU 14983 U1, "Nail", IPC RU 14983 U1, Published: 2000.09.10). An increase in the contact surface area, holding capacity, as well as a decrease in the metal content of the nail is achieved by the fact that its metal rod has a twisted profile in the form of a star, ellipse, three-pointed star, four-pointed star, geometrically fitting into the round profile of the rod.

The performance of this model is higher than the previous analogue, yet they remain low, since the operation of the product is based on grip along the side surface.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to create a product that is hammered into various building materials, simultaneously providing high performance in terms of fastening parts (nail) and stretching (anchor), while being relatively simple to manufacture and use.

To achieve this technical result, a product is proposed, consisting of a round rod with a tip at its end and a head at the opposite end, the cross section of the rod is transformed into a multi-pointed star, characterized in that the multi-start ribs of the star have the form of a plate of trapezoidal section, along the length of the rib they have a continuous helicoidal around the axis of the rod outline, the angle between the generatrix of the cylinder and the tangent to the line of junction of the rib to the rod corresponds to the condition: 5°<α ₁ <35°, and the angle α ₂ between the generatrix of the cylinder and the tangent to the outer face of the rib does not exceed 45°, in any plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the rod, the angle β between the generatrix of the rib and the rod is equal to 90°, the free zone along the rod between adjacent ribs is at least twice their width, the ribs come out with a decrease in width “to nothing” in the upper part of the rod in front of the head.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where

in fig. 1 shows the product, side view, version with three-start ribs;

in fig. 2 shows a section along 1-1 of FIG. one;

in fig. 3 shows the product, side view, version with four-start ribs;

in fig. 4 shows a section along 2-2 of FIG. 3;

in fig. 5 shows a diagram of the action of the load with the selection of the section along the ribs;

in fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the rib section of FIG. 5, showing the reaction of the embedding material Rank and Rprim to the rib, with the designation of the width of the ribs (B) and the working area (P);

in fig. 7 shows a section along 1-1 in FIG. 5 showing the action of the load R;

in fig. 8 shows a diagram of a product with an anchor hook;

in fig. 9 shows a diagram of an anchor device on several products;

in fig. 10 is a plan view of the anchor device of FIG. 9.

The product (Fig. 1) consists of a rod 1 of a round profile with a tip 2 at its end and a head 3 at the opposite end, on the rod 1 along the longitudinal axis there are three-way ribs 4 having the shape of a plate, while the ribs 4 are inclined from the longitudinal axis of the rod at angles α ₁ and α ₂ have a continuous helicoidal shape around the axis of the rod 1 with a pitch of turns (H), the ribs come out with a decrease in width “to nothing” along the end of the tip 2 and in the upper part of the rod 1 in front of the head 3.

Section 1-1 (Fig. 2) characterizes a variant of the product with ribs 4 and a rod 1 with a width (diameter) of about 1/2 of the entire section.

Fig. 3 repeats FIG. 1 with the option of placing four wide ribs 4 and the minimum diameter of the actual rod 1.

Reducing the diameter of the rod (Fig. 4) makes it possible to advantageously increase the area of the ribs, which increases the load-bearing capacity of the product.

In FIG. 5 shows the action of the longitudinal tensile and tensile loads with the selection of the section along the ribs 4.

An enlarged view of this section (Fig. 6) shows the main property of the product - the reaction of the surrounding material by pressure on the surface of the rib 4 from below (R _main ) under load and from above (R _ank ) when stretched in the working area (P) between the ribs.

Section (Fig. 7) at 1-1 in Figs. 5 shows the distribution of the load R by the ribs 4.

In FIG. 8 shows a variant of the anchor, in the head of which there is a hole 5 with a countersunk thread for installing a hook 6 (factory product).

Also in Fig. 9 - a variant of the device on several anchors includes a hook 6 welded to a plate 7, fixed to the anchors through the holes in the plate by means of bolts 8 (6, 7, 8 - factory parts).

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the anchor device of FIG. 9, where: 5 - hole in the anchor with a countersunk thread, 6 - hook, 7 - plate, 8 - bolt complete with washers (6, 7, 8 - factory parts).

The declared parameters and the shape of the ribs make it possible to drive the product with a reduced lateral expansion and a violation of the structure of the surrounding material. Most of the injected volume is distributed in the direction longitudinal to the axis of the product, while reducing the lateral thrust. The product in the process of driving, rotating around the axis, literally slides on the planes of the ribs, cutting through the sealing material with its end, while the working area (P) (Fig. 6) from a natural, undisturbed array of the sealing material is preserved between the ribs. It is the slope of the ribs, their position and the angles of inclination α ₁ and α ₂ with respect to the longitudinal axis and the side surface of the rod, that make it possible to form a working area between them, transfer the pressure load along the product and to the sides, covering the adjacent sealing material volumetrically over the entire width and the height of the multi-entry ribs, which multiply the bearing capacity of the product in the longitudinal direction in both directions and gives the product additional anchor properties.

The stated parameters are

a metal rod of a round profile with a point at its end and a head at the opposite end;

the cross section of the rod is transformed into a multi-pointed star;

multi-start ribs of the star have the form of a plate of trapezoidal section, along the length of the rib they have a continuous helicoidal shape around the axis of the rod;

angle α ₁ between the generatrix of the cylinder and the tangent to the line

junction of the rib to the rod corresponds to the condition: 5°<α ₁ <35°, and the angle α ₂ between the generatrix of the cylinder and the tangent to the outer face of the rib does not exceed 45°;

in any plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the rod, the angle β between the generatrix of the rib and the rod is 90°;

free zone along the rod between adjacent ribs at least twice their width;

the ribs come out with a decrease in width “to nothing” in the upper part of the rod in front of the head;

the number, thickness and width of the ribs, the length and diameter of the rod can vary on the whole or part of the product;

in the head of the rod there is a recess with a countersunk thread for installing an anchor hook or bracket;

the body of the product can be additionally thermally hardened;

the surface of the product may have an anti-corrosion coating;

the product can be made of composite material.

The lateral resistance of the rod itself (lateral friction), due to its insignificant value, is not considered and goes into the bearing capacity reserve.

Friction force F _tr along the plane of the ribs, increased under the action of a longitudinal load, counteracts the rotation of the product under load

,

,

where F _mp - friction force on the surface of the ribs, kN;

f is the coefficient of friction of the surrounding material against the material of the rib;

P - longitudinal (along the rod) load, kN;

α is the angle of inclination of the plane of the rib to the axis of the rod, calculated as the average of the angles (α ₁ and α ₂ ), °;

The pressure resistance of the building material (R _main and R _ank in Fig. 6), which is a multiple of the frictional resistance along the side surface (R _side ), acting on the total area of the multi-start ribs, greatly increases the bearing capacity of the product both as a nail and as anchor.

Thus, the main technical effect is achieved: - ease of immersing the product with a hammer, providing high performance in terms of fastening parts (nail) and pulling (anchor), being relatively simple to manufacture and use.

Production of the product in mass quantities is carried out on equipment for the production of nails, screws, self-tapping screws, etc.

The product is driven in with a hammer (larger sizes - with a tamp or a sledgehammer) without disturbing the structure of the material, thereby preserving the working area under and above the surface of the ribs. The product in the process of driving rotates around the axis of the rod. Driving, basically, is done without any preparation, but large products can be immersed in a hole previously drilled for the entire length of the rod, equal to or less than its diameter.

In order to protect against corrosion, the product can be protected with an anti-corrosion coating, and to impart special properties, it is additionally thermally hardened, for example, by carburizing, nitriding, hardening, and more.

The product can be made of composite material.

The proposed technical solution has the following essential features:

the round profile of the rod makes it possible to symmetrically and evenly transform ribs 4 on it (Fig. 1, Fig. 3), the number, height, width and direction of which are determined by calculation for a specific purpose of the product. Despite the relatively large outer diameter, including the ribs, the product has a low frontal resistance, which is facilitated by: the tip at the end of the rod, the configuration and the given parameter of the inclination of the ribs α ₁ and α ₂ , the small cross section of the ribs, the possibility of free rotation of the product around the axis during driving ;

the use of multi-start ribs, having the shape of a plate and a twisted outline along the entire length of the rod, makes it possible to use the surrounding volume of the embedding material within the cylinder described along the outer edge of the ribs. The slope of the ribs within the angles α ₁ and α ₂ allows hammering;

the angle β between the rib and the rod, in any plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the rod, is 90°. The plane of the rib at a given angle to the axis of the rod forms their maximum possible projection onto the base, taking into account the distribution over the entire height of the rib, and transfers the pressure load, covering the adjacent embedding material volumetrically over the entire width and height of the multi-entry ribs.

These essential features are included in the formula and are necessary and sufficient to achieve the claimed technical result - a product hammered into various building materials, providing high performance in terms of fastening parts (nail) and stretching (anchor), being relatively easy to manufacture.

The effectiveness of the proposed utility model lies in its technical result - hammering into various building materials, providing high performance in terms of fastening parts (nail) and pulling (anchor), while being relatively easy to manufacture.

The work of the nail on the principle of direct pressure (R _main and R _ank ) with ribs instead of friction along the side surface (R _side ), acting on the total area of multi-start ribs (converted to the projection along the base), increases the load-bearing capacity of the product both as a nail and as an anchor. And this means that with an equivalent mass with the prototype, the nail has a significant advantage in all respects.

The almost equal load-bearing capacity of the product both under load and in tension, which allows it to be used both as a nail and an anchor, increases its functionality, efficiency, and versatility in use.

Claims (5)

1. A nail consisting of a round rod with a point at its end and a head at the opposite end, the cross section of the rod is transformed into a multi-pointed star, characterized in that the multi-start ribs of the star have the form of a plate of trapezoidal section, along the length of the rib they have a continuous helicoidal shape around the axis of the rod , the angle α ₁ between the generatrix of the cylinder and the tangent to the line of junction of the rib to the rod corresponds to the condition 5°<α ₁ <35°, and the angle α ₂ between the generatrix of the cylinder and the tangent to the outer face of the rib does not exceed 45°, in any plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the rod, the angle β between the generatrix of the rib and the rod is equal to 90°, the free zone along the rod between adjacent ribs is at least twice their width, the ribs come out with a decrease in width “to nothing” in the upper part of the rod in front of the head. 2. A nail according to claim. 1, characterized in that the head of the rod has a recess with countersunk threads for installing an anchor hook or bracket. 3. Nail according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is additionally thermally hardened. 4. Nail according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that its surface has an anti-corrosion coating. 5. Nail according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that it is made of a composite material.

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