RU208581U1 - MILLING BODY OF DIGGING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to machines for excavating and moving soil, in particular to earthmoving and milling machines. The technical result of the utility model is to reduce energy consumption while increasing productivity. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the hinge of each blade has a torsion spring, and each shortened leg of the cutter extended beyond the hinge of the blade fixed on it and at its end has a stop that limits the rotation of the blade, with the possibility of its adjustable movement in the slot of the leg, made along an arc of a circle, concentric to the trajectory of the end of the knives. , a milling cutter with cutting knives fixed on it and with blades transporting the soil, hingedly mounted on the shortened legs of the cutter, with the possibility of contact with the stops mounted on the ends of the brackets of the working body transporting the soil attached to the earth-moving machine and turning under the action there are stops around the axis of its hinge at an angle of 100-135 °, and the hinge of each blade has a torsion spring, and each shortened leg of the cutter is extended beyond the hinge of the blade fixed on it and at its end has a stop that limits the rotation of the blade, with the possibility of its adjustable movement in cut the legs, made along the arc of a circle, the concentric trajectory of the end of the knives.

Description

The utility model relates to machines for excavation and soil movement, in particular to earth-moving and milling machines.

Known earth-moving milling machine [Inventor's certificate SU patent No. 113482, IPC cl. E02F 5/08, 1958], on the milling working body of which the soil transporting blades are fixedly fixed.

The disadvantage of this invention is that when the machine develops the faces above the shaft of the working body, the soil transporting blades that are not adjustable in the angle of installation enter the soil separated by the cutting knives at the moment when the vector of the force of the normal reaction of the surface does not coincide with the vector of the gravity of the soil, forming an angle a. The soil is pressed against the frontal wall of the face and its movement along the blade becomes difficult, and therefore, the energy intensity of the work increases.

In addition, the radial arrangement of the blades does not contribute to their complete release from the soil above the receiving device of the transporting working body of the machine. Part of the soil remains on the blades and is subsequently dumped in front of the receiving device, in the first and fourth quadrants of their relative trajectory. Additional energy costs are required to re-move this part of the soil to the receiving device.

Also known is the articulated safety mechanism of the disc harrow (Fig. 4), which includes a bracket 21, an axle 22 attached to it by a threaded connection, and a flat spiral torsion spring 23, rigidly attached at one end to the axle 22, and the other to the rack 24 of the harrow disc. This mechanism provides the rack with the disc with the ability to make angular deviations when the disc avoids obstacles and returns to its original position. However, such a device is not used in the designs of milling working bodies of earth-moving machines.

The closest analogue to the claimed is the milling working body of an earth-moving machine [Copyright certificate SU patent No. 153245, IPC class. E02F, 1963], which includes a frame, supports, a milling cutter with cutting knives fixed on it and with soil-transporting blades, hingedly mounted on the shortened cutter legs, with the possibility of contact with stops mounted on the ends of the brackets of the working body that transports the soil attached to the earth-moving machine and with the possibility of rotation under the action of stops around the axis of its hinge at an angle of 100-135 °.

The disadvantage of this design is the absence of stops limiting the angle of rotation of the blades transporting the soil around their hinges, mechanisms for returning the blades to their original position when free from the soil and the possibility of adjusting the optimal angle of entry of the blades into the soil at different heights of the developed face. These factors increase the energy intensity and reduce the performance of the unit.

The technical result of the utility model is to reduce energy consumption while increasing productivity.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the hinge of each blade has a torsion spring, and each shortened leg of the cutter is extended beyond the limits of the blade hinge fixed on it and at its end has a stop limiting the blade rotation, with the possibility of its adjustable movement in the slot of the leg, made along the arc circle, concentric trajectory of motion of the end of the knives.

The specified set of essential features provides the emergence of the claimed milling working body of the earth-moving machine new properties, different from the prototype.

Thus, the declared features of a utility model meet the "novelty" criterion.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the interaction of the milling working body of an earth-moving machine with the ground, side view, for simplicity, one knife and several intermediate positions of the blades are shown, in Fig. 2 is a diagram of the arrangement of structural elements of the milling working body of an earth-moving machine, side view, in Fig. 3 - remote element A in Fig. 2, FIG. 4 is a view of the hinge fastening of the disc harrow disc struts, similar to the hinge of the fastening of the soil transporting blade with a torsion spring.

A milling working body of an earth-moving machine, including a frame 6, supports 3, a milling cutter with cutting knives 5 fixed on it and with blades 1 transporting soil, mounted on the shortened legs 12 of the cutter pivotally, with the possibility of contact with stops 10 mounted on the ends of the brackets 9 connected to the earthmoving machine transporting the soil of the working body 8 and with the possibility of rotation under the action of stops 10 around the axis 15 of its hinge 2 at an angle of 100-135 °, moreover, the hinge 2 of each blade has a torsion spring 17, and each shortened leg 12 of the cutter is extended beyond of the blade hinge 2 fixed on it and at its end has a stop 4 limiting the blade rotation, with the possibility of its adjustable movement in the slot 13, a leg made along an arc of a circle, a concentric trajectory of movement of the end of the knives 5.

The working body of the earth-moving milling machine works as follows.

When preparing the working body for work, depending on the category of soil, the depth of the working face and the productivity of the earthmoving machine, the stops 4 are moved along the slots 13 to a position that ensures the optimal angle of entry of the blades 1 into the soil loosened by knives 5 and fix them with nuts 18. Further, rotating the axes 15 of the hinges 2 with a key for the heads 19, compress the leaf spiral torsion springs 17 located in the brackets 16, attached at one end to the axes 15, and the other to the blades 1, to such a state that the blades are pressed against the stops 4 with a force of 10 ... 15 N, and fix the axles 15 in this position with nuts 20.

In the process of work, the rotary working body is set in rotation through the shaft 14. Knives 5, cut off the soil shavings from the array and partially loosen it. The loosened soil falls down the face, forming a lumpy mass 11.

The blades 1 following the knives 5 enter the soil mass 11, grab it and move it to the transporting body 8. Due to the fact that the optimal angle α of entry of the blades 1 into the soil is adjusted experimentally by the position of the stops 4, the friction force of the soil against the working surface of the blades decreases, the mobility of the soil along the blades and the height of their filling increase, the energy intensity of the work decreases and the productivity of moving the soil by the blades increases.

When the blades 1 move in the gripping zone of the transporting body 8, most of the soil falls off the blades onto the transporting body, and a smaller part remains on the blades due to the action of frictional forces and adhesion. Moving further, the blades 1 contact with the stop 10 and turn sharply around the axis 15 of their hinge 2 at an angle of 100-135 ° to position 7, additionally twisting the springs 17. Under the action of the force of inertia, the force of gravity, with an increased angle of inclination of the blade to the horizon, the remaining on the blades, the soil falls from the blades into the zone of action of the transporting device. Further, when the contact of the blades 1 with the stop 10 of the transporting device is lost, the elastic force of the flat spiral torsion springs 17 returns the blades to their original position until they come into contact with the limiting stops 4, ensuring the optimal angle and deviation of the blades from the radial position, the optimal angle of further entry of the blades into the loose soil into the area of his fence.

Thus, the complete release of the blades from the soil in the area of the transporting body provides a decrease in energy consumption while increasing work productivity.

Sources of information:

1. Copyright certificate SU patent No. 113482, IPC class. E02F 5/08, 1958.

2. Copyright certificate SU patent No. 153245, IPC class. E02F, 1963.

Claims (1)

Milling working body of an earth-moving machine, including a frame, supports, a cutter with cutting knives fixed on it and with blades transporting soil, pivotally mounted on the shortened legs of the cutter, with the possibility of contact with stops mounted on the ends of the brackets of the transporting working body attached to the earth-moving machine and with the ability to rotate under the action of stops around the axis of its hinge at an angle of 100-135 °, characterized in that the hinge of each blade has a torsion spring, and each shortened cutter leg is extended beyond the blade hinge attached to it and at its end has a limiting blade rotation stop, with the possibility of its adjustable movement in the slot of the leg, made along an arc of a circle, of the concentric trajectory of movement of the end of the knives.

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