RU2085689C1 - Coding device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: coding equipment. SUBSTANCE: coding device has light source 1, photo receiver 7, comparison unit 8, key 3. Located in key 3 is coding hologram which is made up of bright and dark fields. At installing key 3 in device, hologram is located at angle to light flux which is equal to angle between hologram and base flux at its recording. Photo receivers are optically conjugating with bright and dark fields of image recorded in coding hologram "1-3-7-8". EFFECT: high efficiency. 3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for locking mechanisms, in particular to devices of combination locks of high security, and can be used in locks for doors of bank safes, metal cabinets, etc. as well as for doors of premises.

 A known system for preventing unauthorized access (WO N 92/08863, E 05 B 47/00, PCT / SU N 91/00124, 1992).

 The device comprises a key in the form of an optical storage device and a key identification means installed relative to the identification means, which contains a housing, a radiation source, a photodetector, an analyzer, a key made in the form of a holographic device, in the photosensitive layer of which a code hologram is recorded.

 The technical result of the invention is the creation of a code device with increased secrecy.

 The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in a device containing a light source, photodetectors, a comparison unit and a key installed in the light flux, the key contains a hologram of a code object consisting of light and dark fields, located at an angle to the light flux equal to the angle between the hologram and reference beam when recording it. Photodetectors are optically coupled, respectively, with light and dark fields located on the surface of the actual image of the code item recovered from the hologram. The comparison block is made of two logical circuits AND, a logical circuit OR and a logical circuit NOT. The outputs of photodetectors that are optically paired with the bright fields of the image of the code object are connected to the inputs of the first logic circuit I, the output of which is connected to the input of the second logic circuit And, and the outputs of the photodetectors that are optically paired with the dark fields of the image of the code object are connected to the inputs of the OR logic circuit, whose output through the logic circuit is NOT connected to another input of the second logic circuit I.

 The light source can be made in the form of a semiconductor infrared laser.

 In this case, the part of the key inside which the hologram of the code object is placed is made of a material that transmits infrared radiation and is opaque to the visible range of light.

 An additional key can be introduced into the device, in which the optical component is placed, and when the additional key is installed in the device, the optical component is located in the light flux.

 Increasing the security of the proposed code device in comparison with the prototype device is achieved mainly by placing a hologram of the code object in the key and by optical pairing of photodetectors with the surface of the actual image of the code object restored from the hologram, as well as by performing a comparison unit, the output signal of which appears under the condition so that all photodetectors paired with bright fields of the image will be illuminated, and the rest of the photodetectors will remain darkened.

 In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a code device in which a hologram of a code object operating in reflected light is placed in a key; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a code device in which a hologram of a code object operating in transmitted light is placed in a key; in FIG. 3 recording scheme of a hologram of a code subject; in FIG. 4 shows a design of a light source in the form of a semiconductor laser diode and a part of a key inside which a hologram of a code object is placed, made of a material that transmits infrared radiation and is opaque to the visible range of light; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of a device with an additional key inserted, in which the optical component is located.

 The light source (Fig. 1) is made in the form of a semiconductor laser 1.

 An optical component 2, for example a positive lens, and a hologram 4 of a code object consisting of light and dark fields located in the key 3 are sequentially mounted along the axis of the semiconductor laser 1.

 When the key 3 is inserted into the encoding device, the hologram 4 is placed at an angle α to the axis of the laser 1, equal to the angle between the reference beam and the hologram when it is recorded.

 The surface 5 of the actual image of the code object reconstructed from the hologram 4 is located at an angle b to it, while the sum of the angles a + β is equal to the angle between the object and reference beams when recording the hologram. Photodetectors 6 are optically coupled to bright fields of the actual image of the code object, and photodetectors 7 with its dark fields.

 The comparison block 8 is made on two logical circuits AND 9 and 12, a logical circuit OR 10 and a logical circuit NOT 11.

 The outputs of the photodetectors 6 are connected to the inputs of the logic circuit And 9, and its output to the input of the logic circuit And 12.

 The outputs of the photodetectors 7 are connected to the inputs of the logic circuit OR 9, and its output through the logic circuit NOT 11 to another input of the logic circuit And 12. The output of the logic circuit And 12 is the output of the comparison unit 8.

 Located in the key 3, the hologram 4 can be made working in transmitted light. A diagram of a code device with such a hologram is shown in FIG. 2. All elements and their position numbers are saved.

 The hologram 4 can be made on a glass plate coated with a photographic emulsion.

 The hologram is recorded, for example, in convergent beams according to the scheme shown in FIG. 3.

 An optical component 14, a beam splitter plate 15, and a code item 16 containing light and dark fields are sequentially mounted along the axis of the laser 13. A mirror 17 and a plate 18 with a photographic emulsion are mounted to the side of the beam splitting plate 15.

 The light beam from the laser 13 is formed by the optical component 14 and, passing through the beam splitter plate 15, illuminates the code object 16. A part of the light beam is reflected from the beam splitter plate 15 and, after the mirror 17, hits the plate 18 at an angle a as a reference beam. Reflected from the code item 16, the object beam hits the plate 18 at an angle b. In the plane of the photographic emulsion on the plate 18 during the interaction of coherent object and reference beams, an interference pattern is formed, the registration of which on the photographic emulsion forms a hologram of the code object 16.

 The hologram can also be performed on a metal layer sprayed onto a substrate by photolithography.

 Comparison unit 8 can be performed on 555 series chips.

 The logical circuit AND can be performed, for example, on the chip 555LI1, the logical circuit OR on the chip 555LL1, and the logic circuit is NOT on the chip 555LN1. It is also possible to execute a logic circuit OR by parallel connection of photodetectors 7.

 The semiconductor laser 1 can be made infrared (Fig. 4). In this case, the optical component 2 is made of a material that is transparent in the infrared region of the spectrum, and part 19 of the key 3, inside which the hologram 4 is located, can be made of a material that is transparent in the infrared and opaque in the visible region of the spectrum.

 Located after the laser 1, the optical component 2 can be placed in an additional key 20 (Fig. 5). When an additional key 20 is installed in the code unit, the optical component 2 is located on the axis of the laser 1. The optical component 2 may contain one or more optical elements: lenses, prisms, etc.

 The device works as follows.

 The light flux from the laser 1 is formed by the optical component 2 and hits the hologram 4 located in the key 3. On the surface 5, the hologram 4 forms a real image of the code object. The photodetectors 6 are illuminated by the light flux and electrical signals appear at their outputs. The photodetectors 7 remain unlit and there are no electrical signals at their outputs.

 Electrical signals from the outputs of the photodetectors 6 are fed to the inputs of the logic circuit And 9, at the output of which an electrical signal appears. At the output of the logic circuit OR 10 in the absence of electrical signals at its inputs, the electrical signal is also absent. In this case, a signal appears at the output of the logic circuit NOT 11 and, accordingly, at the output of the logic circuit And 12, i.e. at the output of the comparison unit 8. The signal at the output of the comparison unit 8 appears under the condition that all the photodetectors 6 are illuminated by the incident light flux from the laser 1, and the photodetectors 7 remain unlit.

 If the semiconductor laser 1 is made infrared, and the part of the key 3, inside which the hologram 4 is located, is made of material opaque in the visible region of the spectrum, with the key 3 removed from the encoding device, the appearance and location of the hologram 4 in the key 3 are not visually determined.

 When placing the optical element 2 in the additional key 20, obtaining a valid image of the code item on the surface 5 is provided only when two keys of the key 3 and the key 20 are installed in the code device.

 The output of the comparison unit 8 can be connected to an electromechanical locking device made on the basis of an electromagnet or an electric motor. When an electrical signal appears at the output of comparison unit 8, an electromechanical locking device opens the lock.

 The output of the logic circuit OR 10 can be connected to a sound or light alarm circuit. When the light flux hits at least one of the photodetectors 7, an electric signal appears at the output of the OR 10 logic circuit, which activates the alarm, which excludes the possibility of selecting a hologram of a code object.

 Thus, the encoding device has significantly greater secrecy compared with the prototype.

 With the same number of transparent and opaque sections of the punch card key in the prototype device and the light and dark fields of the code item in the proposed device, the number of code options in the proposed device reaches a significantly larger value due to the construction of a three-dimensional three-dimensional image of the code item and the corresponding location of the photodetectors. In addition, the number of code variants in the proposed device can be further increased by changing the angles of incidence of the subject and reference beams when recording a hologram, which leads to a change in the position of the surface of the actual image of the code object recovered from the hologram.

 Copying a hologram of a key is quite complicated and requires special equipment. When using the infrared laser diode to restore the image of a laser diode and placing a hologram inside a key made of a material that transmits infrared radiation and is transparent to the visible range of light, copying a hologram is practically impossible.

 The code device can be equipped with two keys that are installed in the same optical system, and the code device will trigger only when both keys are installed.

 The principle of operation of the code device does not allow the selection of the code and use, instead of the key-hologram of the simulator-master key.

Claims (4)

 1. A code device containing a light source, photodetectors, a signal analyzer, a key made in the form of a holographic device, in the photosensitive layer of which a code hologram is recorded, and located in the light stream, characterized in that the image recorded in the code hologram has bright and dark fields , with which respectively photodetectors are optically coupled, the code hologram is located at an angle to the light flux equal to the angle between the hologram and the reference beam when it is recorded, and the signal analyzer has AND, OR, NOT circuits, while the outputs of photodetectors that are optically paired with the bright fields of the image from the code hologram are connected to the inputs of the first circuit And, the output is connected to the input of the second circuit And, and the outputs of the photodetectors that are optically paired with the dark fields of the image of the code hologram are connected to the inputs of the OR circuit, whose output through the circuit is NOT connected to another input of the second circuit I.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source is made in the form of a semiconductor laser diode in the infrared range.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the key with the code hologram inside is made of a material that transmits infrared radiation and is opaque to visible light.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a key with an optical component located therein is additionally inserted into it, and with the additional key installed in the device, the optical component is located in the light flux.

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