RU208526U1 - AUTOMATIC INJECTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for the sequential automatic introduction of a needle and a liquid drug into muscle tissue and can be used in the provision of emergency medical care and emergency care to people and animals in emergency situations, as well as self-help and mutual assistance to servicemen in military field conditions. The automatic injector has a cylindrical body with a hole for the needle in the lower end, inside the body there is a carpule with a needle filled with liquid medicine and sealed with a piston stopper, and a cylindrical pusher with a compressed spring put on it. On the opposite upper end of the body of the injector, the body of the trigger mechanism and the pusher lock are installed, made in the form of a longitudinal plate with one end rounded corresponding to the arc of the cover, while the other end is bent at an angle of 90°. The plate has a symmetrical shaped notch, formed by conjugation of a hole in the form of an incomplete circle with a semicircular hole of a smaller diameter. At the end of the pusher, protruding through the hole in the trigger housing, a groove is machined immediately above the level of this hole, on which the pusher lock is put on top. In the fixed position, the pusher at the level of the groove is inserted into the semicircular cutout of the latch. The starting means is the translational movement of the retainer plate in the direction towards the axis of the housing. A blocker is installed on top of the latch, which is a sleeve with two wedge-shaped sectoral cutouts, which snaps into place with the help of two grippers in the grooves made on the trigger housing. The carpool part of the pusher is equipped with a boss. The lower part of the injector body has a conical shape outside and inside. The technical result consists in expanding the arsenal of reliable injectors that exclude accidental operation. 3 w.p. f-ly, 5 figs.

Description

The utility model relates to medical technology, medicine and veterinary medicine. More specifically, the utility model provides a device for sequential automatic injection of a needle and a liquid drug into muscle tissue and can be used in the provision of emergency medical care to the population and emergency assistance to people and animals in emergency situations, as well as self-and mutual assistance to military personnel in military field conditions. , including for the rapid introduction of antidotes in the event of the use of chemical weapons.

Known devices for automatic injection, providing the introduction of a drug at a given depth due to the energy of a compressed spring. One such device is a device for intramuscular injection with a needle covered with an elastic sheath [US 3882863, IPC A61M 5/20, publ. 05/13/1975], containing placed in a cylindrical body: a rod with a spring, a system for fixing the charged spring, a blocker for the system for fixing the charged spring, a cartridge with a drug.

The fixation and blocking system of the device under consideration has a number of disadvantages that can lead to spontaneous operation of the device. The fixation system consists of plastic protrusions made at the ends of elastic, inwardly bending plates located at the end of the rod. The protrusions snap into place when the spring is charged by the ring. The retention (engagement) area of the protrusions is very small due to the design with this locking principle. Since the material of the rod is made of plastic, and the spring force is high, it is possible for the rod to come out of the locking position with further involuntary triggering of the injector, even with the lock installed. With the lock removed, the likelihood of unintentional activation increases.

Another disadvantage is the small thickness of the shoulders of the pusher protrusions, since they are not a solid cylindrical structure, but cut in the middle, for installation in this cut of the blocker. In the event of material inhomogeneity in the place of the shoulder of the protrusions, material rupture and further inadvertent operation of the injector are possible. It should be noted that in the claimed automatic injector, this part is one-piece-cylindrical, which practically excludes the disruption of the pusher when its upper part is destroyed and the spontaneous operation of the device. A significant disadvantage is the complexity and unreliability of the design of the fixation and locking system. High-quality manufacturing of all parts, especially small ones, requires the use of sophisticated and precise equipment.

The closest technical solution is an automatic injector [RU 171991 U, publ. 06/23/2017], which has a cylindrical body with a hole in the end, inside the body with a needle towards the hole is a carpula filled with a liquid drug and sealed with a piston plug. The housing also houses a cylindrical pusher with a spring stop in the form of a barrier ring in the center. The pusher is divided by the spring stop into two parts: the wider part directly acts on the plug-piston of the cartridge, and a compressed spring is put on the other part. At the end of the pusher, protruding from the body through a hole in the top cover, a groove is made, on which a pusher lock is put on top, which is made in the form of a longitudinal plate with a length greater than the diameter of the blocking cap and with one end rounded corresponding to the arc of the cover, while the other end is bent at an angle of 90 °. The plate has a symmetrical figured cut, formed by mating a hole in the form of an incomplete circle with a semicircular hole of a smaller diameter. The plate is made with the possibility of translational movement along a rectangular groove along the bottom of the trigger housing, while in the fixed position the pusher at the groove level is snapped into a semicircular cutout.

The cap of the blocker, put on the top of the fixing plate, has a cutout and a slot on the lateral side, into which the fixing plate is located when it is locked. The trigger is the translational movement of the fixing plate along the through rectangular groove on the bottom of the upper cover of the injector. In this case, the pusher is released and the injection is made due to the energy of the expanding spring. The prototype device uses a locking and locking system to prevent unintentional operation. Thus, the prototype device provides operational reliability by preventing spontaneous injection.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of reliable injectors. There is a need to develop new means of this purpose, reliable for use in extreme conditions.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the claimed automatic injector, which has a cylindrical body with a hole for a needle in the lower end, in which a carpula with a needle, filled with a liquid drug and sealed with a piston plug, is placed inside the body, a cylindrical pusher with a compressed spring put on it, equipped with a spring stopper, on the opposite upper end of the injector body there is a trigger body and a pusher lock made in the form of a longitudinal plate with one end rounded according to the arc of the cover, while the other end is bent at an angle of 90 °, the plate has a symmetrical figured cut formed by mating holes in the form of an incomplete circle with a semicircular hole of a smaller diameter, and is made with the possibility of translational movement along a rectangular groove along the bottom of the trigger body, and at the end of the pusher protruding through the hole in the trigger body, immediately above the level a groove is machined into this hole, on which the pusher lock is put on from above, in the fixed position the pusher at the level of the groove is inserted into the semicircular cutout of the lock, a lock is installed over the lock, the trigger is the translational movement of the lock plate towards the axis of the body, while the cylindrical lock is a bushing with two wedge-shaped sectoral notches, which snaps into place by means of two grippers in the grooves made on the trigger housing, the carpool part of the pusher has a boss, the lower part of the injector body has a conical shape outside and inside.

Preferably, in the automatic injector, the spring stopper is made in the form of a barrier ring, and semicircular recesses are made on the trigger housing on both sides free from grooves. It is also preferable if the opening of the lid at the end of the housing on the side of the cartridge is closed with a self-adhesive foil.

The claimed automatic injector is shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

FIG. 1 shows a general sectional view.

FIG. 2 shows the pusher.

FIG. 3 shows the body of the trigger.

FIG. 4 shows the pusher lock.

FIG. 5 shows the blocker.

The claimed automatic injector is a collapsible device and contains placed in the housing 101 (Fig. 1) a cylindrical pusher 102 with a spring 103 installed on it and a cartridge 104.

The body of the autoinjector is a plastic, preferably polyoxymethylene tube with an inner and outer diameter of preferably 14 mm and 16 mm, respectively. The lower part of the autoinjector body has a conical shape on the outside and inside for orientation of the needle and the cartridge head. At the end of the lower part of the body there is a hole for the needle exit, which is covered with a self-adhesive foil. At the opposite upper open end of the housing, an internal thread is made to a sufficient length, preferably an M16 × 1.0 thread for a length of 16 ± 1 mm.

For free movement within the housing, the spring 103 has an outer diameter slightly less than the inner diameter of the housing 101.

The pusher (Fig. 2) is made of plastic, preferably polyoxymethylene. On the pusher, a spring 205 movement limiter is arranged in the form of a barrier ring, which divides the pusher into cartridge 206 and spring 207 parts having different diameters. The carpool part of the pusher has a thickening at the end - a lug 209 for centering in the carpool plug-piston. The spring 103 is located on the pusher portion 207. On this part, directly at the end of the follower, a cylindrical groove 208 is machined.

The stiffness of the spring, necessary and sufficient for the use of an automatic injector in specific conditions (for example, in a self-help kit for a law enforcement officer, during vaccination of civilians, in veterinary medicine for pets or cattle, etc.), is selected empirically through the choice of material , the method of its processing and the diameter of the spring coils.

At the end of the housing 101 (Fig. 1), in the part where the spring 103 is located, the trigger housing 109 is placed, which is screwed into the body of the automatic injector by means of an external thread 301, preferably M16 × 1.0. At a short distance above the thread on the trigger housing, diametrically located grooves 302 (Fig. 3) are made, in which the grips 503 of the blocker 501 (Fig. 5) are fixed. For the convenience of holding the auto-injector in the user's hand, semicircular recesses 305 are made on the trigger body on both sides free from grooves. The trigger body 309 (Fig. 3) has an opening 310 with a diameter equal to the diameter of the spring part of the pusher . The end part of the pusher with the groove 208 (Fig. 2), in which the latch is installed, protrudes outward through the opening 310.

The latch 411 (Fig. 4) is a longitudinal plate, preferably made of polyoxymethylene, with ends rounded corresponding to the arcs of the trigger mechanism, one of which, the stop 412, is bent at an angle of 90 °.

The latch is made with the possibility of horizontal movement along the rectangular groove 306 (Fig. 3) of the trigger body 309. Thus, the dimensions of the latch are limited by the width and depth of the rectangular groove 306, as well as the outer diameter of the trigger body 309. In this case, the thickness of the latch 411 corresponds to the width of the groove 208 pusher 102.

Along the longitudinal axis of the retainer 411 (Fig. 4) is located a half-hole 413 in the form of a semicircle with a diameter equal to the diameter of the pusher at the location of the groove 208. An incomplete hole 414 with a diameter equal to the diameter of the spring part 207 of the pusher is located along the longitudinal axis of the lock 411 and is associated with half-hole 413.

The trigger consists of a trigger body 109 and a pusher lock 411. The trigger is the translational movement of the retainer plate towards the axis of the housing.

The blocker 501 (Fig. 5) is made of plastic, preferably polyoxymethylene, and is a cylindrical cover with two wedge-shaped sectoral notches 502, which is installed over the retainer and snaps into place by means of two grippers 503 in the grooves 302 (Fig. 3) on the trigger housing.

The lower part of the housing 101 (Fig. 1) is conical on the outside and inside to orient the needle 121 and the cartridge head. At the end of the lower part of the body there is a hole for the needle exit, which is covered with a self-adhesive foil.

Carpula 104 (Fig. 1) is a glass cylindrical container for a drug of the required capacity, on which an aluminum cap 119 with a needle 121 pre-fixed in it is installed by the rolling method. The needle of the carpula is protected by a rubber cover 125, dressed on an aluminum cap 119. The carpula is equipped with a stopper -piston 123, installed after filling the cartridge with the drug.

The claimed automatic injector is assembled and brought into working condition as follows. A spring 103 is installed on the pusher of the cartridge 102. The latch 411 is placed in the rectangular groove 306 of the trigger housing. The pusher 102 with the spring 103 is placed in the trigger body 109. The spring 103 is compressed with the help of special equipment. When the pusher 102 of the cartridge appears in the hole 310 of the trigger body 109, the lock 411 is installed on it through the incomplete hole 414. The lock 411 is moved to the side until the half-hole reaches 413 into a special groove 208 in the pusher 102, thereby fixing the pusher 102 with the cocked spring 103 in the trigger housing 109. By moving downwards, install the blocker 115 on the trigger housing 109. The cartridge 104 is installed in the housing with a piston to the cartridge pusher. The body of the trigger mechanism 109 with the cartridge fixed in it is screwed into the body 101 of the automatic injector. Self-adhesive foil is mounted on the side of the housing 101 opposite to the trigger housing 109. The automatic injector is now ready for use.

The introduction of a medicinal product using the claimed automatic autoinjector is as follows. With the help of the thumb and forefinger of the working hand, the trigger block 115 is removed with an upward movement. The auto injector is pressed against the injection site. The latch 411 is moved towards the center of the trigger housing 109, while the half-hole 413 of the latch 411 comes out of the groove 208 of the pusher 102. The pusher 102, under the action of the spring 103, begins to move towards the cartridge 104 through an incomplete opening 414, through the opening 310 of the trigger housing 109, presses on the plug-piston 123, which leads to the movement of the cartridge 104 in the body 101, the subsequent exit of the needle 121 from the body through the hole 118, the penetration of the needle into the muscle tissue and the outflow of the drug.

The claimed automatic injector has the following advantages. It is compact, as the small retainer is the most protruding part of it. It is also easy to manufacture, has only 8 components, the manufacture of most of them does not require sophisticated, high-precision equipment. The design provides a reliable prevention of spontaneous injection and prevention of the possibility of accidental triggering during its operation, since the claimed automatic injector uses a fixation and blocking system that excludes its involuntary triggering. In addition, the lower part of the autoinjector body has a conical shape on the outside and inside for orientation of the needle and the head of the cartridge, and the pusher is equipped with a thickening at the end - a boss, which ensures reliable operation. All this ensures the reliability of the autoinjector operation, which is especially necessary when used in extreme conditions.

The tests carried out made it possible to experimentally establish that the inventive automatic injector can be used to inject liquid drugs of various viscosities into muscle tissue directly or through clothing made of materials of varying density.

In the process of testing, the claimed automatic injector carried out model injections into an analogue of muscle tissue (silicone) through 16 layers of cotton tissue, through 6 layers of porous cardboard 2 mm thick, through a layer of natural leather 1.5 mm thick, while the needle was not deformed, but a medicinal the product was poured in the required volume.

Thus, the claimed automatic injector can be used in medicine for both civil and military purposes, as well as in veterinary medicine, for example, in preventive and vaccination measures for the civilian population, to provide individual first-aid kits of law enforcement agencies with the necessary medicines, in field and inpatient hospitals of disaster medicine. , as well as in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases, and its application allows you to speed up the provision of medical care.

Claims (4)

1. An automatic injector having a cylindrical body with a hole for a needle in the lower end, inside the body there are a carpula with a needle filled with a liquid drug and sealed with a piston stopper, a cylindrical pusher with a compressed spring put on it, equipped with a spring stop at the opposite upper end the injector body is equipped with a trigger housing and a pusher lock made in the form of a longitudinal plate with one end rounded according to the arc of the cover, while the other end is bent at an angle of 90 °, the plate has a symmetrical figured cutout formed by mating a hole in the form of an incomplete circle with a semicircular hole of a smaller diameter, and is made with the possibility of translational movement along a rectangular groove along the bottom of the trigger housing, moreover, at the end of the pusher protruding through the hole in the trigger housing, a groove is grooved immediately above the level of this hole, onto which a retainer is put on top pusher, in a fixed position, the pusher at the level of the groove is inserted into the semicircular cutout of the retainer, a blocker is installed over the retainer, the trigger is the translational movement of the retainer plate towards the axis of the body, characterized in that the cylindrical blocker is a bushing with two wedge-shaped sectoral notches, which snaps into place by means of two grips in grooves made on the trigger body, the carpool part of the pusher has a lug, the lower part of the injector body has a conical shape outside and inside. 2. The automatic injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring stop is made in the form of a barrier ring. 3. Automatic injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening of the body at the end from the side of the cartridge is closed with self-adhesive foil. 4. An automatic injector according to claim 1, characterized in that semicircular recesses are made on the trigger housing on both sides, free from grooves.

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