RU2084360C1 - Antitheft device for automobiles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; automobile antitheft systems. SUBSTANCE: device has combination lock, code key and electromagnet as actuating device built into break of hood lock drive cable. Doors, engine compartment and automobile electrical equipment are interlocked. Unlocking is done by comparing the code combinations of look and key. Control signal is memorized. Device gets switched off after working cycle. EFFECT: improved reliability, reduced power consumption, enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to anti-theft vehicles and can be used to protect front and rear-wheel drive vehicles from theft.

The known device containing a combination lock and a code key, which together uses mechanical and magnetic codes to unlock the anti-theft device to increase reliability, provides an additional level of protection when the vehicle engine is running by controlling the crankshaft speed and comparing it with a given threshold frequency [1]
Another device adopted as a prototype uses a code dialing block in the code lock to increase reliability, which allows you to quickly change the code if necessary [2] To prevent access to the code lock, an additional encoder is used, and as an executive device that blocks access to the code lock, Electromagnet applied.

 For the described, as well as other similar devices, the following disadvantages are characteristic. Penetration of an attacker through the side door of the driver is accompanied by the inclusion of an audible signal after a short period of time, sufficient to have time to open the hood of the engine compartment and turn off the battery, turn off the anti-theft device, or turn off the audible signal. The presence of autonomous power sources and an audio signal do not solve a fundamental issue.

 The manufacture of a code key in the form of a plate with a magnetic coating, as proposed in the design [1], is quite difficult for mass production, and the resulting number of code combinations is comparable to mechanical keys. Using the keyboard [2] is more preferable, as it makes it possible to increase the number of code combinations, however, this violates the secrecy, which entails the need for periodic code changes. In addition, with a large number of discharges, the keyboard should be connected to the hardware using a multi-bit bus, which entails the complication of the device as a whole and the need to make a special input in the car body.

 All the described devices in the guard mode consume energy, which on the one hand causes a discharge of the battery, and on the other hand there is a danger of electrical short circuit. In the short-term storage mode (several hours), the discharge of the battery can be neglected, and the probability of short circuit will be quite small. However, during prolonged storage (in the garage, in the parking lot), these drawbacks make the use of an anti-theft tool impossible.

 The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality, simplify the device and increase its reliability.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device containing a combination lock, a code key, protection sensors, one of the outputs of which is connected to the input of a time relay, an electromagnet, a control unit containing an executive relay, an audio signal, a hood lock cable, the code lock contains a code dialing unit and a code comparison unit, a controlled voltage stabilizer is introduced, one of the inputs of which is connected to a control button, two counters, a frequency divider, a switch, a clock generator, a single vibrator, a trigger, two element OR, three elements I.

 The code key contains a counter, two one-shots, a switch, a code block and a key element.

 A part of the hood drive cable is connected to the body of the electromagnet, and the other to its core.

 In the code lock, the output of the clock generator is connected to the counting input of the first counter. The counter resolution input of the first counter is connected to the other input of the controlled voltage regulator, with the third output of the frequency divider and the second input of the third element I. The output of the single vibrator is connected to the reset inputs of the first and second counters, the reset input of the frequency divider and the second trigger input. The first output bit of the first counter is connected to the counting input of the second counter. The output bits of the second counter through the switch are connected to the input of the code block. The transfer output of the second counter is connected to another input of the frequency divider. The first output of the frequency divider is connected to the third input of the first OR element, and the second output is connected to the second inputs of the first and second elements I. The second bit of the first counter is connected to the information input of the switch, the first input of the code comparison unit and the output of the code lock. The third output bit of the first counter is connected to the second input of the first OR element. The output of the code dialing unit is connected to the second input of the code comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first OR element. The output of the first OR element is connected to the first input of the trigger, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the first element I. The second output of the trigger is connected to the first inputs of the second and third elements I. The outputs of the first and second elements AND are connected to the first and second inputs of the second OR element, respectively . The third input of the second OR element is connected to the protection sensors, and the output through the control unit is connected to the sound signal and the electrical components of the car. The output of the third element And is connected to one end of the electromagnet winding, and the other is connected to the zero potential bus. The fourth input of the second OR element is connected to the output of the time relay.

 In the code key, the output of the first one-shot is connected to the counting input of the counter and to the information input of the switch. The output of the second one-shot is connected to the counter reset input, the output bits of which are connected through the switch to the input of the code block, respectively. The output of the code dialing block through the key element is connected to the output of the code key and to the input of the first one-shot.

 The outputs of the code lock and code key are connected by a two-wire line, one of the wires of which is a bus of zero potential.

 The drawing shows a block diagram of an anti-theft device.

 The device contains a code lock 1, a code key 2, protection sensors 3, one of the outputs of which is connected to the input of a time relay 4, an electromagnet 5, a control unit 6 containing an actuating relay, an audio signal 7, a cable 8 of the hood lock drive. The combination lock 1 contains a code dialing unit 9, a code comparison unit 10, a controlled voltage regulator 11, one of the inputs of which is connected to a control button 12, two counters 13 and 14, a frequency divider 15, a switch 16, a clock generator 17, a single-shot 18, trigger 19, two elements OR 20 and 21, three elements AND 22, 23 and 24.

 The code key 2 contains a counter 25, two single vibrators 26 and 27, a switch 28, a code dialing unit 29, and a key element 30.

 Part of the cable 8 of the hood drive is connected to the body of the electromagnet 5, and the other with its core.

 In the code lock 1, the output of the clock generator 17 is connected to the counter input of the counter 13. The counter resolution input 13 of the counter is connected to the other input of the voltage regulator 11, to the third output of the frequency divider 15 and to the second input of the 24 element I. The output of the one-shot 18 is connected to the reset inputs counters 13 and 14, the reset input of the divider 15 and the second input of the trigger 19. The first output bit of the counter 13 is connected to the counting input of the counter 14. The output bits of the counter 14 through the switch 16 are connected to the input of the code set 9. The output the transmitter 14 is connected to another input of the frequency divider 15. The first output of the frequency divider 15 is connected to the third input of the OR element 20, and the second output is connected to the second inputs of the elements 22 and 23 I. The second discharge of the counter 13 is connected to the information input of the switch 16, the first input block 10 comparing the codes and the output of the code lock 1. The third output bit of the counter 13 is connected to the second input of the OR element 20. The output of code set block 9 is connected to the second input of code comparison block 10, the output of which is connected to the first input of OR element 20.

 The output of the OR element 20 is connected to the first input of the trigger 19, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the element 22 I. The second output of the trigger 19 is connected to the first inputs of the elements 23 and 24 I. The outputs of the elements 22 and 23 And are connected to the first and second inputs of the element 21 OR respectively. The third input of the OR element 21 is connected to the protection sensors 3, and the output through the control unit 6 is connected to the sound signal 7 and the electrical components of the car (not shown in the drawing). Under the nodes of electrical equipment are meant those whose interruption of electrical circuits prevents the engine from starting and normal operation: ignition coil, electronic ignition unit, starter, etc.

 The output of the element 24 And is connected to one end of the winding of the electromagnet 5, and the other is connected to the bus of zero potential. The fourth input of the OR element 21 is connected to the output of the time relay 4.

 In the code key 2, the output of the one-shot 26 is connected to the counting input of the counter 25 and to the information input of the switch 28. The output of the one-shot 27 is connected to the reset input of the counter 25, the output bits of which are connected through the switch 28 to the input of the code dialing unit 29, respectively. The output of the code dialing unit 29 through the key element 30 is connected to the output of the code key 2 and to the input of the one-shot 26. The outputs of the code lock 1 and code key 2 are connected by a two-wire line 31, one of the wires of which is connected to the zero potential bus.

 The device operates as follows. Suppose the device was armed. To remove the existing locks, the code key 2, located at the owner of the car, is inserted into the two-pin receiving connector (not shown) and is connected to the input of the code lock 1 through a two-wire line 31. After that, it is pressed for a short time (0.5-1 s) control button 12. At the same time, a controlled voltage stabilizer 11 is turned on, which supplies power to all nodes of the code lock 1 and code key 2. The one-shot 18 generates a reset pulse of 0.02 s duration, ensuring the code lock 1 is transferred to the original standing. During the action of the reset pulse, high levels of the signal are established at outputs 2 and 3 of counter 13, and low levels at output 1 of counter 13 and at all outputs of counter 14 and frequency divider 15. The reset pulse sets the trigger 19 to the position when its first output is affected by a low level, and the second by a high signal level. These signals are received respectively at the first output of the element 22 And and at the first inputs of the elements 23 and 24 I.

 At the same time, the second one-shot 27 of the code key 2 generates a reset pulse with a duration of 0.5 s, thereby ensuring the transition of the code key 2 to its original state. All outputs of the counter 25 are set to low signal levels.

In the future, the sequence of operation of the device is set by counters 13 and 14. At the input of the counter 13 from the clock generator 17, pulses of frequency f _r 700 Hz are supplied. At the end of the reset pulse t _{c, the} counters 13 and 14 begin to work. The output bits of the counter 13 are in turn translated by the clock pulses of the generator 17 in the opposite state for one period of the clock frequency f _r .

 The output bits of the counter 14 are in turn transferred to the unit state by clock pulses from the first output of the counter 13, providing alternate switching of the pulses of the code sequence to the corresponding output bits of the switch 16. From the second output of the counter 13, through the two-wire line 31, synchronization pulses are sent to the code key 2.

Single vibrator 26 increases the duration of the synchronizing pulses up to four periods of the clock frequency. The indicated pulses of duration t _f = 4f $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{-one}}{\text{r}}$ are received at the input of the counter 25 and at the information input of the switch 28. The switch 28 alternately commits pulses t _f to the corresponding bits of the code block 29. The key element 30 receives pulses of duration t _f only from those output bits of the switch in which there are closed contacts of the block dialing code 29. The key element 30, opening with a high level of the signal t _{f of the} corresponding discharge, shunts the two-wire line 31 for the duration of the pulse, that is, for the time t _f . For open discharges of the switch 28, the bypass of the two-wire line 31 does not occur, and the duration of the synchronizing pulses does not change, that is, it remains equal to one period of the clock frequency of the generator 17.

выбирается из условия надежного перекрытия ими при совпадении кодовых разрядов ключа 2 и замка 1 разрешающих импульсов длительностью

низкого уровня, которые поступают с третьего выхода счетчика 13 через элемент 20 ИЛИ на вход сброса триггера 19.The combination of stroke set by the code dialing unit 29 forms a code key 2 code sequence in the two-wire line 31, which is fed to the information input of the switch 16. The switch 16 distributes the code sequence to the corresponding output bits to which the code dialing unit 9 is connected. Pulse duration

is selected from the condition of reliable overlapping by them when the code bits of the key 2 and lock 1 coincide with enabling pulses of duration

low level, which come from the third output of the counter 13 through the element 20 OR to the reset input of the trigger 19.

The comparison of the codes of the key 2 and the lock 1 occurs in block 10 comparison of codes. For the same closed or open contacts, for example, j of that category of blocks 9 of the code set and 29, the code comparison unit 10 generates a positive pulse of duration t _f , which enters the OR element 20.

For the same, but not coinciding bits, for example, the j-th category of code blocks 9 and 29, the code comparison unit 10 will generate a negative pulse of duration t _f received at the input of the OR element 20. In this case, the low-resolution enable pulse, also fed to the input of the OR element 20, passes to the reset input of the trigger 19.

 The trigger 19 goes into the opposite state, a high level signal appears on its first output, which through the elements 22 AND and 21 OR is fed to the input of the control unit 6, which includes an actuating relay that turns on the sound signal 7 and turns on the blocking of the electrical equipment nodes.

 Thus, when the switch 16 is sequentially reading the code sequence, the code combinations of the lock 1 and the key 2 are compared in the code comparison unit 10, starting from the first and ending with the last digit of the code combinations. When the code bits coincide, the state of the trigger 19 remains unchanged, and at the first mismatch, the trigger 19 is triggered and the alarm and the blocking circuits of the electrical equipment nodes are turned on.

After the switching of the code sequence corresponding to the first cycle of operation of the counters 13 and 14, the first transfer pulse P _{1 is} generated at the transfer output P of the counter 14, which transfers the first output of the frequency divider 15 to the unit state (high signal level), thereby the OR element 20 stops transmission of signals arriving at its inputs.

After the second full cycle of operation of the counters 13 and 14, at the transfer output P of the counter 14, a second transfer pulse P _{2 is} generated, which transfers the second output of the frequency divider 15 to the unit state, which is connected to the inputs of the elements 22 and 23 I. These elements transmit the state of the trigger 19 to element 21 OR. If the state of the trigger 19 after the initial installation by the pulse t _{s has} not changed (if the codes of the key 2 and lock 1 are the same), then the output of element 23 AND is removed a high level signal, which is taken by the control unit 6 as a permission signal for normal operation, that is, locks are removed nodes of electrical equipment. At the same time, a low signal level is formed at the output of element 22 AND, which is perceived by the control unit 6 as a prohibition signal (for example, an audible signal).

 If the key codes "and the lock 1 did not match, then the trigger 19 will change the initial installation state to the opposite, which will cause the output of the elements 22 and 23 And the signals that will be perceived by the control unit 6 as prohibition and enable signals, respectively.

After the third cycle of operation of the counters 13 and 14, the third pulse P _{3 is} generated at the transfer output P of the counter 14, which transfers the second output of the frequency divider 15 to the zero state (low signal level). Elements 22 and 23 And stop transmitting the state of the trigger 19 through the element 21 OR to the control unit 6. At the same time, the transfer pulse P ₃ transfers the third output of the frequency divider 15 to the unit state (high signal level), which is fed to the counter enable input of the counter 13 and to the second input of the controlled voltage regulator 11. According to this signal, the counters 13 and 14 stop working.

 If the control button 12 is held for some time (3-4s), then the controlled stabilizer 11 and the code lock 1 are not turned off during this time. In this case, the signal from the third output of the frequency divider 15 enters the 24 I element, to the other input of which the signal from the output of the trigger 19 is supplied. The output signal of the electromagnet 5 is generated at the output of the 24 I element. The electromagnet is activated, thereby making it possible to use the cable 8 of the lock drive hood to open the latter. Thus, the hood of the car engine can be opened only when the codes of the lock 1 and key 2 match.

 The practical implementation of the device is made on integral elements of the 561 series. Structurally, the device is designed in the form of four subunits: an electromagnet, a code lock, a code key and a receiving device for a code key.

 An electromagnet embedded in the gap of the pump drive cable is placed in a metal casing, which is fixed near the hood lock.

 The combination lock is made on two electronic boards, which are housed in a sealed aluminum alloy housing. In the same housing are the executive relays of the control unit.

 The code lock is located in the engine compartment, and a specific place is selected from the condition of good cooling, protection from dirt and water, and also taking into account the length of the conductors connecting the code lock with other blocks of the anti-theft device of the car.

 The receiver for the code key is made of plastic and is located in the driver's cab on the front panel of the car.

 The receiving device also has a control button and an LED signaling the operation of the device in various modes. The code key is made in a small-sized plastic hermetic case in the form of a keychain to the keys with two electrical contacts on the sides. Power supply of the code key is carried out only when it is placed in the receiving device when the control button is pressed.

 The advantages of the proposed device include the fact that the device is controlled using one of the specified control buttons for various operating modes.

 Three operating modes are provided.

 The first mode is a mode of short-term stop and protection of the car (5-10 min). In this mode, protection sensors are not used, an audible signal is not given when the slennika intrudes into the car interior. The car is protected by blocking the electrical components and locking the hood lock drive. Installing the anti-theft system in the first mode of operation is done by pressing the control button once. In this case, the code key is not inserted into the receiving device.

 The second mode is the mode of a long stop and car security (up to several hours). In this mode, all protection sensors are used and the electrical components and the hood lock drive are locked. The device switches to this mode by double pressing the control button for a short time.

 The third mode is the parking mode, long-term storage of the car (up to several months). When working in this mode, only the hood lock is locked, and the battery is disconnected from the vehicle’s electrical circuits using the mass disconnector. However, the combination lock remains connected to the battery using a separate electrical circuit. The system is transferred to the specified mode, as in the first mode, by pressing the control button once.

 Of the considered operating modes, the highest power consumption (up to 25 mA) is characteristic of the second mode. In the third mode, there is no power consumption, since the electromagnet, which is the only blocking means in this variant of car security, is not powered, and the power of the combination lock, as shown above, is turned off automatically.

 The proposed device has undergone lengthy laboratory and production tests on front-and rear-wheel drive cars. A full set of technical documentation has been developed, according to which the production of a pilot batch is currently being completed, followed by the launch of mass production.

Claims (2)

 1. An anti-theft device for vehicles containing a code lock, a code key, security sensors, one of the outputs of which is connected to the input of a time relay, an electromagnet, a control unit containing an executive relay, an audio signal, a lock drive cable, a hood, and the code lock contains a code dialing unit and a code comparison unit, characterized in that it is equipped with an electromagnet, the code lock is equipped with a controlled voltage stabilizer, one of the inputs of which is connected to a control button, two counters, a divider A key switch is equipped with a counter, two one-shots, a switch, a code dialing unit and a key element, while part of the hood drive cable is connected to the electromagnet housing, and the other with its core, in the code lock, the output of the clock generator is connected to the counting input of the first counter, the input of the resolution of which is connected to the other input of the controlled voltage regulator, with the third output by the frequency divider and the second input of the third AND element, the output of the one-shot is connected to the reset inputs of the first and second counters, the reset of the frequency divider and the second trigger input, the first output bit of the first counter is connected to the counting input of the second counter, the output bits of which through the switch are connected to the input block code set, and the transfer output is connected to another input of the frequency divider, the first output of which is connected to the third input of the first OR element, and the second output is connected to the second inputs of the first and second of the And element, the second bit of the first counter is connected to the information input of the switch, the first input of the code comparison block and the output of the code lock, the third output bit of the first counter is connected to the second input of the first OR element, the output of the code dialing block is connected to the second input of the code comparison block, output which is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the trigger, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the first AND element, and the second output is connected to the first inputs of the second of the first and second AND elements, the outputs of the first and second AND elements are connected to the first and second inputs of the second OR element, respectively, the third input of which is connected to the protection sensors, and the output through the control unit is connected to the sound signal and the electrical components of the car, the output of the third AND element is connected with one end of the electromagnet winding and the other connected to the zero potential bus, the fourth input of the second OR element is connected to the output of the time relay, in the code key, the output of the first one-shot is connected to the counting the counter input and to the information input of the switch, and the output of the second one-shot is connected to the counter reset input, the output bits of which through the switch are connected to the input of the code dialing unit, respectively, the output of which is connected through the key element to the output of the code key and to the input of the first one-shot.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outputs of the code lock and code key are connected by a two-wire line, one of the wires of which is a bus of zero potential.