RU2083868C1 - Unified rotor for float-type hydroelectric power plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering; off-line environmentally friendly power supplies installed on shallow-water rivers and channels. SUBSTANCE: step-up gear is installed beyond rotor body and has several outlets from different steps of gear transmissions; central fixed axle is coupled with external control element affording its turn through designed angle within 90 deg.; inner space of underwater part is hermetically sealed and filled with clean water or liquid oil residues. EFFECT: provision for using electric generators of any capacity, regulation of their speed, and hydraulic insulation of gear transmissions. 4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydropower and can be used to create autonomous environmental clean energy sources installed on shallow rivers and canals. Known hydrogenerator, placed on a floating platform inside a single casing together with a multiplier.

However, such a constructive solution does not provide the ability to install electric generators with different rated power, corresponding to a certain flow velocity V _t

 The technical task of the present invention is to eliminate this drawback, as well as stabilizing the speed of the generator when changing within the acceptable range of flow rates.

 The task is achieved as follows.

 A gear with a horizontally located output shaft is coupled to the power take-off gear from the rotor, and the rest of the multiplier is placed in a self-contained attachable housing having output shafts from sequentially located transmission links for coupling with electric generators.

Taking into account seasonal fluctuations in the velocity of any flow within ± Δv _{t, the} power N of the installed electric generator should not exceed that generated by the rotor (taking into account losses) at V _t -Δv _t and α = 90 ^°
Then, at ≈ V _t.sr. the angle α decreases from 90 ^o to a _st. at which the generator speed will decrease to nominal.

This is most simple and effective by turning the central non-rotating (inhibited) axis at an angle of 90 ^o - α _Art. which for different v _t will be different. Correction (or stabilization) of revolutions can be carried out: manually, remotely and automatically with the introduction of feedback elements.

The possibility of reducing thus the angular velocity of the rotor ω _p from ω _r.max. at α = 90 ^° , it also allows one to stabilize ω _p. on stronger currents, up to V _{t. max. add.} > V _t. + Δv _t .
In twin counter-rotating rotors, mutual compensation of the unfolding lateral forces and doubled output power are provided.

 This requires only one multiplier with a matching link of 2 bevel gears and two rods with detachable couplings and one electric generator of double power.

 A low-speed water pump is connected to the output shaft of the first link of the multiplier (if necessary) simultaneously with a working electric generator so as not to select the generated electricity for irrigation and water supply, as rotor power can be set excessive.

 The rolling bearings and steel gears located in the underwater part are protected from corrosion by filling the internal space of the rotating rack with the disk with liquid oil waste, exceeding the level above the water surface, sufficient to balance external and internal pressures.

 In the case of installing waterproof bearings (for example, sliding), the internal volume of the underwater part may be filled with water. To reduce the volume being filled, the free space of the disk is occupied by pre-installed plug-in sections made of foam or hollow from welded sheet material.

 The author is not aware of the sources of patent and scientific and technical information containing information about similar technical solutions that have features similar to those that distinguish the proposed solution from the prototype, as well as properties that match the properties of the proposed solution, so we can assume that it has significant differences , allowing in practical implementation to create a new type of mobile transformer of energy of the water flow into electrical or mechanical.

 In FIG. 1 shows the rotor: a side view, top view of the kinematic connections inside the underwater disk; in FIG. 2 balanced installation on one platform of two identical rotors located: a) perpendicular to the flow, c) downstream; in FIG. 3 schematically shows the orientation of the planes of the rotor blades relative to the flow and mutual relative to each other: a) in the mode of stabilization of revolutions, c) when the rotor is stopped; in FIG. 4 shows the kinematic connection of two rotors with an electric generator.

 The unified rotor for float hydropower plants contains a disk 1, twin vertical blades 2, a rotary rack 3, a power take-off gear 4, a central non-rotating axis 5, bevel gears 6, 7, 8 and 9, axles 10 and a supporting rack 11 fixed from the bottom to the base of the housing . The rotor further comprises brackets 12, a bevel gear 13 with a shaft 14, a removable cover 15, a handle (or other axis 5 turning unit) 16, insert sections 17. The dual installation further comprises couplings 18 and 19 connected by rods 20, a kinematic link 21 of two identical gears, a multiplier 22 with an output shaft 23, a low-speed water pump 24 and a generator 25.

 The unified rotor for float plants is as follows. Initially, during assembly, the blades 2 are installed and fixed with the orientation of their planes on the axis of the blade located on the side and deployed along the ceiling (i.e. A, A1, A2).

Each blade for one revolution of the rotor rotates in the opposite direction around its axis by half a revolution ω _p = -2,0ω ₁ , moving relative to the flow being washed along a cycloid trajectory.

 The rotor with the help of brackets 12 is mounted on a platform 26, placed on the floats 27, held in place by the cables 28.

The generated rotor power has a cubic dependence on the flow velocity (v _t → N; 2v _t → 8N) and the angular velocity is linear, ω _p = f (v _t ) ..

For optimal operation of the rotor, with a known value of V _t.s. the power of the generator should not exceed the power generated by the rotor (taking into account losses) N _g ≅ (0.5-0.6) N _p , and when the water pump is connected, it is lower by the amount of power taken by it.

Claims (4)

 1. A unified rotor for float hydropower plants, containing a horizontal disk, twin vertical blades, a rotary rack, a power take-off gear, a central non-rotating axis with a gear connected by bevel gears and axes with blades, a supporting rack fixed from the bottom to the base of the housing, characterized in that with a power take-off gear, only one bevel gear is permanently articulated with a horizontally located output shaft that is mated to the multiplier: for single execution, directly, for paired cranes h detachable couplings, rods and matching kinematic link of two identical bevel gears.  2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that a low-speed water pump is additionally connected to the output shaft of the first link of the multiplier. 3. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the central non-rotating axis can rotate at any angle in the range from 90 ^o to zero until the rotor stops completely.  4. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal volume surrounding the internal kinematic units located in the underwater rotating part is sealed and filled with clean water or spent oil products with a level above the water surface that is sufficient to equalize the external and internal pressures, and in the free cavities of the disk are placed the displacing volumetric lightweight solid or hollow sections displacing the volume.

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