RU2082138C1 - Method of lens alignment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production process of optical instrument engineering, in particular, methods of alignment of lenses and optical systems by their adjustment relative to the axis of rotation of the arbor and machining of mounting surfaces. SUBSTANCE: lens 1 is installed on arbor 2 with the aid of chuck 3 with rotary (4) and shift (5) members. Determined are the coordinates of center C of chuck 3, centers O₁ and O₂ of lens 1, determined are the masses and coordinates of the centers of gravity of the chuck rotary (4), shift (5) members and lens 1. Taking into account the attitude of centers of curvature O₁ and O₂ of lens 1, pivot center of chuck 3 and centers of gravity of the rotary member, shift member of chuck 3 and lens 1, determined are the radial coordinates and value of the vector of total unbalance of chuck 3 with lens 1 after the latter is adjusted to the axis of rotation of arbor 2. Fine balancing of chuck 3 with lens 1 is performed before its machining, preferably by placing of one or several compensating weights at a preset distance from the axis of rotation of arbor 2 in the direction opposite the vector of total unbalance. EFFECT: facilitated procedure. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to optical instrumentation technology, and in particular to methods for accurately centering lenses and optical nodes.

A device for centering lenses is known in which a lens centering method is used, in which the position of the projections of the swing center of the rotary part and the centers of curvature of the lens surfaces on the axis of rotation of the spindle are determined, the center of curvature of the first lens surface is combined with the plane of the swing center of the rotary part of the cartridge, the image of the mark is projected into autocollimation point of the first surface of the lens, with the wires of the shear part of the cartridge, the center of curvature of the surface is brought to the axis of rotation of the spindle, eliminating the runout of the image Nia mark in the plane of the photodetector position-recording system, projecting an image of the brand in autocollimation point of the second lens surface and cause it to drive the rotary part of the chuck spindle axis of rotation, and then treated with a lens frame [1]
The known method has the following disadvantages. The need to combine the center of curvature of one of the lens surfaces with the plane of the center of swing of the rotary part of the cartridge using a special adapter mandrel significantly reduces the accuracy of machining of mounted lenses and optical units due to the insufficient rigidity of the cantilever-mandrel-lens cantilever system, especially with a long console length. The permissible range of the adapter length limits the range of radii of the surfaces of the centering lenses. In addition, the achievement of high accuracy and processing quality is limited by the imbalance of the cartridge with a centered lens.

 Closest to the essence of the invention is a method in which the frame of the centered lens is based on the seating surface of the shear part of the cartridge, the coaxial optical axis of the supporting lens, balance the system of rotating parts of the spindle in the initial position of the cartridge, determine the spatial coordinates of the center of swing of the rotary part of the cartridge and the centers of curvature of the surfaces of the centered lens, rotary and shear parts derive the axis of the centered lens on the axis of rotation of the spindle and process the mandrel of the lens [2] Pr This eliminates the restrictions on the size of the radii centering the lens and increases accuracy by minimizing the console chuck-chuck-lens. However, this method has drawbacks manifested in the beating of the spindle axis and the vibration of the device when processing the rim due to the imbalance caused by the displacement of the rotary, shear parts of the cartridge and the centering lens in the rim after combining the lens axis with the axis of rotation of the spindle, which leads to a decrease in the centering accuracy of the lens and the deterioration of the surface finish of the frame. In addition, a large imbalance of displaced parts and lenses in the frame can lead to spindle failure.

где X₁, Y₂, X₂, Y₂, X_пов, Y_пов, X_сдв, Y_сдв, X_л, Y_л радиальные координаты соответственно центров кривизны первой и второй поверхностей линзы, центров тяжести поворотной и сдвиговой частей патрона и линзы; Z₁, Z₂, Z_ц, Z_пов, Z_сдв, Z_л осевые координаты соответственно центров тяжести поворотной и сдвиговой частей патрона и линзы; M_пов, M_сдв, M_л массы соответственно поворотной и сдвиговой частей патрона и линзы.A method of centering lenses using a cartridge with a rotary and shear parts, mounted in the spindle of a centering machine, consisting of balancing the cartridge in the initial position, installing the lens from the cartridge, determining the coordinates of the center of swing of the cartridge, the centers of curvature of the lens surfaces, aligning the axis of the lens with the axis of rotation of the spindle , determining the mass and coordinates of the centers of gravity of the rotary and shear parts of the cartridge with the lens, fine balancing the cartridge with the lens, preferably installing one or more components iruyuschih cargo at a predetermined distance from the spindle rotational axis in the direction opposite to the total imbalance vector and the processing of the lens seating surface, wherein the radial coordinate D _x and D _y overall imbalance vector and its magnitude is determined from the expressions D

where X ₁ , Y ₂ , X ₂ , Y ₂ , X _pov , Y _pov , X _sdv , Y _sdv , X _l , Y _{l are the} radial coordinates, respectively, of the centers of curvature of the first and second surfaces of the lens, the centers of gravity of the rotary and shear parts of the cartridge and lens ; Z _1, Z _2, Z _n, Z _dressings, Z _sh, Z coordinates respectively _l axial centers of gravity and the rotary shear of the cartridge and the lens; M _pov , M _sdv , M _{l of} mass, respectively, of the rotary and shear parts of the cartridge and lens.

 The method allows to increase several times the centering accuracy and the processing quality of lenses in frames with a large initial decentration due to the introduction of fine balancing of the cartridge with the lens before processing the rim, taking into account the spatial position of the centers of gravity of the moving parts, the center of swing of the cartridge and the centers of curvature of the lens surfaces, as well avoids trial runs of the spindle and the need for special balancing equipment, which reduces the likelihood of failure of the spindle and increases t balancing performance.

 The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a layout of the centers of curvature of the lens and the centers of gravity of the rotary and shear parts of the cartridge and lens in an arbitrary position; in FIG. 2 scheme for calculating the radial displacements of the centers of gravity of the rotary and shear parts of the cartridge and lens after moving the lens to an intermediate position; in FIG. 3 diagram for calculating the radial displacements of the shear part of the cartridge and lens after aligning the axis of the lens with the axis of the spindle; in FIG. 4 is a fine balancing circuit; FIG. 5 - a device for implementing the method.

 The essence of the method is as follows.

Lens 1 (Fig. 1) is mounted on spindle 2 using a cartridge 3 with rotary 4 and shear 5 parts. Spindle 2 with cartridge 3 are pre-balanced in their original position. In this case, the centers of gravity P of the rotary 4 and C shear 5 parts of the cartridge 3 were aligned with the axis of rotation of the spindle 2, which subsequently allows to count the radial coordinates X _piv , Y _pov , X _shear , Y _shear, respectively, of the centers of gravity of the pivot 4 and shear 5 parts of the chuck 3 from the starting position. The coordinates of the center of swing P of the rotary part of the cartridge (Z _c ), the centers of curvature of the first and second surfaces of the lens 1 (X ₁ , Y ₁ , X ₂ , Y ₂ ), the centers of gravity P of the rotary 4 and C shear 5 parts of the cartridge and L of the lens 1 are determined (X _pov , Y _pov , Z _pov , X _sdv , Y _sdv , Z _sdv ). In this case, the radial coordinates can be determined using the measuring system 6, and the axial coordinates using the data of the drawings for the cartridge and lens by calculation.

Determine the masses M _pov , M _sdv and M _l, respectively, rotary 4 and shear 5 parts of the cartridge 3 and lens 1 by calculation or by weighing.

The optical axis O ₁ O _{2 of the} lens 1 is aligned with the axis of rotation of the spindle 2.

Assuming that the combination of the optical axis O ₁ and O _{2 of the} lens 1 with the axis of rotation of the spindle 2 can be carried out sequentially first by angular, and then by shear movement, the coordinates of the centers of gravity P of the rotary 4 and C of the shear parts of the cartridge 3 and L of lens 1 are determined.

где

радиальные координаты соответственно центров тяжести П, С и Л поворотной 4 и сдвиговой 5 частей патрона 3 и линзы 1, после углового выставления линзы 1; l_повx, l_повy, l_сдвx, l_сдвy, l_лx, l_лy величины радиальных перемещений соответственно поворотной 4, сдвиговой 5 частей патрона 3 и линзы 1 при угловом выставлении линзы 1.The radical coordinates of the centers of gravity of the moving parts after angular exposure (Fig. 2) can be determined from the expressions:

Where

the radial coordinates of the centers of gravity P, C, and L, respectively, of the rotary 4 and shear 5 parts of the cartridge 3 and lens 1, after the angular exposure of the lens 1; l _povx , l _povy , l _sdvx , l _sdvy , l _lx , l _{ly the} values of the radial displacements, respectively, of the rotary 4, shear 5 parts of the cartridge 3 and lens 1 when the lens 1 is _angled .

Откуда

Радиальные координаты промежуточной точки X_п и Y_п можно определить из выражений:

Очевидно, что для выставления оптической оси O₁O₂ линзы 1 из промежуточной точки на ось вращения шпинделя 2 нужно переместить ее по оси X на расстояние (-X_п) и по оси Y на (-Y_п) при помощи сдвиговой части 5 патрона 3 (фиг. 3), откуда

где

радиальные координаты соответственно центров тяжести сдвиговой 5 части патрона 3 и линзы 1 перед ее обработкой.Considering that structurally it is possible to ensure the combination of the center of swing C with the axis of rotation of the spindle and due to the small influence of its radial displacements, we can write:

Where from

The radial coordinates of the intermediate point X _p and Y _p can be determined from the expressions:

Obviously, to set the optical axis O ₁ O _{2 of} lens 1 from an intermediate point to the axis of rotation of spindle 2, you need to move it along the X axis by a distance (-X _p ) and along the Y axis by (-Y _p ) using the shift part 5 of the cartridge 3 (Fig. 3), whence

Where

the radial coordinates, respectively, of the centers of gravity of the shear 5 part of the cartridge 3 and lens 1 before processing.

После этого выполняют тонкую балансировку патрона с линзой, согласно схеме, приведенной на фиг. 4, например, креплением на заданном расстоянии от оси вращения шпинделя в направлении, противоположном вектору общего дисбаланса Д компенсирующего груза массой

а затем производят обработку линзы 1.Using expressions (1). (24) determine the coordinates, respectively, D _x and D _{y of the} vector D of the total imbalance and the value of D of the vector

After that, fine balancing of the cartridge with the lens is performed according to the circuit shown in FIG. 4, for example, by fastening at a predetermined distance from the axis of rotation of the spindle in a direction opposite to the vector of the general imbalance D of the compensating load with mass

and then the processing of the lens 1.

An example of the method
The proposed method was tested when centering the lens in the frame Ya2M3.946.485 projection photolithographic lens "Binar 404P" on the installation processing elements of the lenses CO-001A. Lens 1 in a frame made of LS59-1 brass was attached to the shear part 5 of cartridge 3 using a technological frame 7 based on surfaces 8, 9 (Fig. 5).

 The optical axis of the support lens 10, mounted in the shear part 5 of the cartridge 3, is set perpendicular to the surface 8 and coaxially to the surface 9. On the surface 8, an additional ring 11 with a groove 12 was installed for the installation of compensating weights 13.

 In the initial position, when the axis of the support lens 10 is combined with the axis of the spindle 2, the system of rotating parts was balanced. After balancing, the absolute oscillation amplitude of the spindle housing 2 for frequencies above 3 Hz at spindle speeds of 2 up to 700 rpm did not exceed 0.5 μm and corresponded to the background value.

 Initially, the alignment of the lens 1 was carried out according to the method described in [2]. The radial coordinates of the centers of curvature of the surfaces of the lens 1 were measured and the quality of its alignment with the axis of rotation of the spindle 2 was controlled using a photoelectric decentralization control system (not shown) with a spindle speed of 2 10 rpm

 The ends 14, 15 and the diameter 16 of the lens barrel 1 were machined using an IR-375.00.000 diamond cutter, with a cutting depth of 15 μm, with a spindle speed of 2,500 rpm and a feed of 4 μm / rev. The absolute oscillation amplitude of the spindle housing 2 at frequencies above 3 Hz during turning reached 1.5.2 μm.

Затем патрон был снова приведен в исходное положение, повторно установлена линза 1 в оправе и отцентрирована согласно предлагаемому способу. Были измерены радиальные координаты центров кривизны поверхностей линзы 1, расчетным путем определены массы и положения центров масс сдвиговой 5, поворотной 4 частей патрона 3 и линзы 1 в оправе с технологической оправкой 7. Исходные данные для выставления линзы 1 на ось вращения шпинделя 2 и тонкой балансировки патрона 3 с линзой 1 путем установки компенсирующего груза 13 на заданном расстоянии r от оси шпинделя 2:
Z_ц 600; Z₁ 118; X₁ 0,05; Y₁ 0,03;
Z₂ 66; X₂ 0,006; Y₂ 0,046;
M_пов 10,2 кг; Z_пов 20; M_сдв 10,5 кг; Z_сдв 58;
M_л 1,5 кг; Z_л 130; r 150; X_пов Y_пов X_сдв Y_сдв X_л Y_л 0
Откуда

После выставления линзы 1 в оправе на ось вращения шпинделя и установки компенсирующего груза была произведена обработка оправы тем же инструментом и при тех же режимах обработки.After processing, the beating of the ends 14, 15 relative to the axis of rotation of the spindle 2 at low speeds was 1.1.2 μm, diameter 16 1.5 μm, the roughness of the treated surfaces

Then the cartridge was again brought to its original position, the lens 1 in the frame was re-installed and centered according to the proposed method. The radial coordinates of the centers of curvature of the surfaces of the lens 1 were measured, the masses and the positions of the centers of mass of the shear 5, the rotary 4 parts of the cartridge 3 and the lens 1 in the frame with the technological mandrel 7 were determined by calculation. The initial data for the lens 1 on the axis of rotation of the spindle 2 and fine balancing the cartridge 3 with the lens 1 by installing a compensating load 13 at a given distance r from the axis of the spindle 2:
Z _c 600; Z ₁ 118; X ₁ 0.05; Y ₁ 0.03;
Z ₂ 66; X ₂ 0.006; Y ₂ 0.046;
M _pov 10.2 kg; Z _pov 20; M _sdv 10.5 kg; Z _sdv 58;
M _l 1.5 kg; Z _l 130; r 150; _{Dressings dressings} X Y X Y _{sh sh} X _l Y _l 0
Where from

After putting the lens 1 in the frame on the axis of rotation of the spindle and installing the compensating load, the frame was processed with the same tool and with the same processing conditions.

 The absolute amplitude of the oscillations of the spindle body at frequencies above 3 Hz during the flow did not differ from the background value.

 After processing, the beating of the ends 11, 12 and diameter 13 did not exceed 0.2 μm.

Claims (1)

A method for centering lenses using a cartridge with a rotary and shear parts, mounted in the spindle of a centering machine, including balancing the cartridge in the initial position, installing the lens on the cartridge, determining the coordinates of the center of swing of the cartridge, the centers of curvature of the lens surfaces, aligning the axis of the lens with the axis of rotation of the spindle and processing of the landing surfaces of the lens, characterized in that before processing the landing surfaces of the lens, the masses and coordinates of the centers of gravity of the rotary and shear parts are determined the throne and lenses, the coordinates and magnitude of the vectors of general imbalance with the lens, fine balance the cartridge with the lens by installing one or more compensating weights at a given distance from the axis of rotation of the spindle in the opposite direction to the general imbalance vector, and the radial coordinates D _x and D _y of the general vector imbalance and its value D is determined from the expressions

where X ₁ , X ₂ , Y ₁ , Y ₂ , X _pov Y _pov , X _sdv , Y _sdv , X _l , Y _l radial coordinates, respectively, of the centers of curvature of the first and second surfaces of the lens, the centers of gravity of the rotary and shear parts of the cartridge and lens;
Z _1, Z _2, Z _n, Z _{dressings, sh} Z, Z _l - axial coordinate, respectively, the centers of curvature of the first and second lens surfaces, a cartridge rocking center, and the centers of gravity of the rotary shear of the cartridge and the lens;
M _{dressings, sh} M, M _l, respectively rotatable mass and shear portions of the cartridge and the lens.

Images