RU2079874C1 - Optical digital multifunctional correlator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computer engineering, devices for optical signal processing. SUBSTANCE: device has multiple-channel spectral illuminating unit 1, optical multiplexers group 2, optical branches group 3, optical modulators group 4, optical gates group 5, optical joints group 6, spectral separators group 7, simple-search photodetectors unit 8, complex-search optical joints group 9, spectral separators group 10, complex-search photodetectors units 11-1, ..., 11-s, and control unit 12, which has inputs 13-1, ..., 13-(s+4) and outputs 14-1, ..., 14- (s+4). EFFECT: increased efficiency, increased functional capabilities due to detection of total number and positions of equal bits when complex associative information search is run in parallel for multiple requests by means of optical logical hardware. 2 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to the field of computer technology and can be used for simple and complex associative information retrieval in its various devices, for example, storage devices (optoelectronic, magnetic, etc.), databases, processors, etc.

 Known multi-channel associative optical correlator for a storage device [1] containing a multi-channel spectral emitting unit, a group of optical fiber multiplexers, a group of optical fiber demultiplexers, a multi-channel optical fiber modulator, a group of optical fiber multiplexers, an array of multi-color photodetectors and a control unit. The main disadvantage of this device is the relatively low speed of performing complex information searches due to the lack of hardware for such a search.

 Closest to the proposed device is a multi-channel associative optical correlator for a storage device [2] comprising a control unit, a group of optical multiplexers, a group of optical splitters, a block of optical modulators, a group of optical combiners, a group of spectral spacers, a block of photodetectors for simple searches and a multi-channel spectral emitting unit, the group of outputs of which are optically coupled to the inputs of the same name of the corresponding optical group multiplexer, the output of which is optically connected to the input of the corresponding optical splitter of the group, the outputs of which are optically connected to the same inputs of the block of optical modulators, each output of the group of optical combiners is optically connected to the input of the corresponding spectral splitter of the group, each output of which is optically connected to the same input of the block of photodetectors of simple search, the first the input and the first output of the control unit are, respectively, the information input and address output of the correlator, the outputs of the block systematic way the second to fourth control inputs connected to, respectively, a multichannel spectral radiant block unit of optical modulators and photodetectors simple search block, whose output is connected to the second input of the control unit. The main disadvantage of this device is the relatively low speed of performing complex information searches due to the lack of hardware for such a search.

 The technical result is to increase the productivity and expand the functionality of the correlator by determining the number and numbers of matched digits when performing a complex associative search for information simultaneously and independently according to many features of a survey by optics hardware.

 This is achieved by the fact that into an optical digital multifunctional correlator containing a control unit, a group of optical multiplexers, a group of optical branches, an optical modulator block, a group of optical combiners, a group of spectral separators, a simple search detector unit and a multi-channel spectral emitting unit, the output groups of which are optically coupled with the same inputs of the corresponding optical group multiplexer, the output of which is optically coupled to the input of the corresponding p a splitter of a group whose outputs are optically coupled to the inputs of the optical modulator unit, each output of the group of optical combiners is optically connected to the input of a corresponding spectral splitter group, each output of which is optically connected to the same input of the block of photodetectors of simple search, the first input and the first output of the control unit are respectively information input and address output of the correlator, the outputs of the control unit from the second to the fourth are connected to the control inputs respectively a multichannel spectral emitting unit, an optical modulator unit, and a simple search photodetector unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the control unit, characterized in that groups of optical gates, groups of complex optical combiners, complex search splitter groups, complex search photodetectors, moreover, the outputs of each group of cells of the block of optical modulators are optically connected with the inputs of the same name of the corresponding group of optical gates, p the first outputs of which are optically connected to the same inputs of the corresponding optical combiner of the complex search group, the second outputs of each group of optical gates are optically connected to the same inputs of the corresponding group of optical combiners of the complex search, the outputs of each of which are optically connected to the same inputs of the corresponding group of spectral separators of the complex search, each output which is optically connected with the same input of the corresponding block of photodetectors of complex search, outputs which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit, the outputs of which starting from the fifth are connected to the control inputs of the respective blocks of photodetectors of complex search.

 Technical solutions with a set of features similar to the set of distinctive features of the subject invention are not available.

This set of essential features and the relationships between them allows you to get a device that has new functionality and 10 ² -10 ³ times more performance, as well as smaller dimensions compared to known devices and prototype. Unlike known devices, this device determines the number and numbers of matched digits when performing a complex associative search for information at the same time and independently according to many features of the interrogation of optical fiber optics by hardware.

 Thus, the proposed device has properties that are not inherent in the known device. This is due to a new set of features and new relationships outlined above.

 Due to the fact that the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the known ones, performs simple and complex associative searches for information on many characteristics of interrogation in electronic and other types of devices using fiber-optic methods, their reliability and productivity are significantly increased, and the compact design is ensured.

 Comparison of the proposed device with the known indicates that it meets the criterion of "novelty", and the lack of analogues of the hallmarks of the proposed device according to the criterion of "inventive step".

 In FIG. 1 (a and b are orthogonal projections, in a view along arrow A), an optical diagram of an optical digital multifunction correlator is shown; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control unit.

 The correlator contains a multi-channel spectral emitting unit 1, a group of 2 optical multiplexers, a group of 3 optical splitters, a block of 4 optical modulators, a group of 5 optical gates, a group of 6 optical combiners, a group of 7 spectral separators, a block of 8 photodetectors for simple search, a group of 9 optical combiners for complex search , groups 10 of spectral separators, blocks 11-1.11-S of photodetectors of complex search and control unit 12, which has inputs 13-1.13- (S + 4) and outputs 14-1. 14- (S + 4).

 Each multichannel spectral emitting unit 1 is intended for input, for example, of associative features into the correlator in the form of light beams in such a way that the discharges of each feature are displayed by optical signals with the same wavelength different from the wavelengths of the optical signals that display the remaining features in the correlator, and converts, for example, input electrical signals into optical ones. Block 1 may consist, for example, of groups (lines) of laser diodes, each of which emits at its specific wavelength.

 Each optical multiplexer of group 2 is designed to combine light beams with different wavelengths into a single multi-wave (multi-color) beam and can be made, for example, in the form of a fiber optic or integrally-optical combiner or in the form of a waveguide lens. Group 2 can also be made of volumetric cylindrical lenses or holographic elements.

 Each optical splitter of group 3 is designed to multiply a multi-wave (multi-color) light beam and can be made, for example, in the form of a fiber optic or integrated optical splitter or in the form of a waveguide lens. Group 3 can also be made of volumetric cylindrical lenses or holographic elements.

 Block 4 of optical modulators is intended, for example, to display the characteristics of the survey and can be performed, for example, in an integrated form based on an electro-optical crystal.

 Each optical valve of group 5 is designed to switch the correlator from simple search to complex and vice versa and can be performed, for example, in the form of an optical switch or a fiber-optic (integrated optical) splitter.

 Each optical combiner of group 6 is designed to combine multi-wave (multi-color) light beams corresponding to different discharges of each feature into a single multi-wave (multi-color) beam and can be made, for example, in the form of a fiber optic or integrated optical combiner or from a waveguide lens. Group 6 optical combiners can also be made of volumetric cylindrical lenses.

 Each spectral splitter of group 7 is designed to separate a multi-wave (multi-color) optical beam into its component single-wave (single-color) light beams and can be made, for example, on the basis of alloy couplers from single-mode optical fibers or integrated optical fibers, from corrugated waveguide structures or diffraction gratings.

 Block 8 photodetectors simple search is used to determine the complete coincidence of the associative signs with the signs of the survey and can be performed, for example, in the form of an integrated matrix of photo-receivers.

 Each optical combiner of complex search group 9 is designed to combine a certain number of channels of multiwave (multi-color) light beams corresponding to the same discharge of different words into a single channel and can be made, for example, in the form of a fiber optic or integrated combiner or waveguide lens.

 Each spectral separator of complex search group 10 is similar to group 7 separator.

 Blocks 11-1.11-S of photodetectors of a complex search are used to determine the number of bits of signs by which they coincided, and can be performed, for example, in the form of integral or typesetting photodetector arrays.

 The control unit 12 provides the operation of the device and may consist, for example, of an input / output channel 15, a clock generator 16, a driver signal 17, a buffer memory 18, a driver signal 19, a buffer memory 20, drivers 21 25 of the control signals, buffer drives 26 , 27-1.27S.

 Unlike well-known correlators, this correlator can carry out both simple and complex information searches. With a simple search, this correlator searches for information by full coincidence (i.e., by the coincidence of the values of all digits) of the survey attributes with an associative attribute, and with a complex search, it searches for information by the coincidence of only certain certain categories of signs.

 1. In the mode of simple associative selection of information on many grounds of the survey, this device operates as follows.

At the command of the generator 16 clock pulses from the input / output channel 15 n (where n = 1, 2, 3, m, m the number of lines of radiating elements in block 1) of the associative information signs through the buffer storage 17 and the shaper 18 of the control signals are supplied to the radiating block 1 , for example, in the form of electrical signals. Block 1 converts electrical signals into optical ones, for example, so that for every nth associative attribute there corresponds an nth row of optical signals that displays all pth ones at the output of block 1 (where p = 1, 2, 3. S, S the maximum number of bits in the feature) bits of the nth feature at the same wavelength λ _n different from the wavelengths on which the remaining (n-1) -th features are displayed. Moreover, these optical signals display associative features, for example, or in a Reed-Muller code, between the binary signs of which are represented in the direct paraphase code, the reference bits are located in a simple code; or in the Reed-Muller code, binary characters are represented in Manchester's direct code, followed by a reference signal in time. The reference signal in the latter case is formed, for example, when all the radiating elements of block 1, which display all the bits of each associative attribute, emit light, i.e. display "1" in simple code.

 At the command of the generator 16 from the input / output channel 15 K (where K = 1, 2, 3, f, f is the number of lines in block 4 of the optical modulators), the polling signs through the drive 19 and the shaper 20 are sent to block 4, for example, or the Reed-Muller code, between the binary signs of which are represented in the inverse paraphase code, the reference bits are located in a simple code, or in the Reed-Muller code, the binary signs of which are represented in the reverse Manchester code, with a time-separated reference signal. At the same time, each Kth polling attribute occupies, for example, the corresponding Kth row of block 4, and when a reference signal is supplied, each Kth row of block 4 remains open, for example, only one cell (the rest are closed), i.e. in each line of block 4, only one binary "1" is displayed; the remaining "0" are all in simple code.

 Below we will describe the operation of the correlator in the case of using the second encoding method.

 Optical signals displaying the same discharges of all associative features are combined by the corresponding multiplexer of group 2 into a single n-color optical signal, which is multiplied by K optical signals with an optical splitter of group 3. These optical signals are routed to all cells of block 4, displaying the pth bits of all K polling attributes.

Since the optical signals displaying the same p-th binary bits of all n-associative signs at different wavelengths λ _n pass through all cells of block 4 displaying the corresponding p-th bits of all K polling signs, optical multiplication of all n-associative features for all K features of the survey, and the optical signals of the products are spectrally separated.

 Multicolor optical signals corresponding to all p bits of each K polling characteristic pass through optical gates 5 and are combined by an optical combiner of group 6 into a single n-color optical signal, which is fed to the corresponding spectral splitter of group 7. This splitter of group 7 directs every nth the spectral component of the multicolor optical signal to the corresponding n Kth photodetector of block 8. In this case, the photodetector element of block 8 with coordinates nK registers an optical signal corresponding to th n-th associative characteristics and K-th basis of the survey.

 At the command of the generator 16, the shaper 21 supplies voltage to block 8. The coordinates n and K of the photodetector element of block 8, on which the optical reference signal exceeds the optical signal of the main discharges, determine the nth associative sign and the K polling sign, according to which a coincidence occurs. At the command of the generator 16, the address code of the nK-th photodetector from block 8 is transmitted through the drive 26 to the input / output channel 15. Thus, the address of the associative feature in the page of associative features and the address of the feature of the survey in the page of the features of the survey, by which there was a complete match, are determined.

 2. The determination of the number of digits is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the addresses of all the signs by which there is a match in at least a given number of digits are determined. In this case, the device operates as in a simple search, but a certain reference signal is introduced to highlight the indicated features. Then the device is transferred to the second stage of the search, which determines the numbers of the matched digits for the signs found in the first stage.

Suppose that we need to find all the words of the source information for which the associative attributes coincide with the survey attributes in at least r (where r1, 2, 3, S-1) digits, and determine the numbers of these digits in the attributes. In this case, the number of unit reference signals (ρ) in block 1 and block 4 is ρ = 1+ (Sr)
The determination of the number of digits by which there was a coincidence of signs is carried out in two stages.

At the first stage, the addresses of all the signs by which there was a match in at least r digits are found. In this case, the correlator works in the same way as described in paragraph 1, with the only difference being that now block 1 and block 4 display ρ of single reference signals. Therefore, the coordinates i and j of the photodetector elements of block 8, at which the optical signals of the reference discharges exceed the optical signals of the main discharges, determine the i _rth associative signs and j _rth polling signs, in which there was a coincidence of no less than r discharges.

To determine the numbers of discharges by which the coincidence of signs occurred, on block 1 only the i _rth associative signs are displayed (the rest are turned off) or switches to the 90 ^o plane of polarization of the i _rth optical signals, and on block 4 only j _{rth are} displayed poll signs so that each feature j _r y corresponds to its own group of spectral separator 10. If some groups spacers 10 have several characteristics survey, they either redistributed on the block 4, or displayed sequentially dependent STI on the priority. In this case, optical signals by groups of 5 gates are sent to group 9 of complex search combiners.

The determination of the numbers of coincident discharges is carried out on blocks 11 of photodetectors of a complex search. At the command of the generator 16, the shapers 22-25 supply voltage to the blocks 11. At the same time, optical signals are sent to each block 11 at the same wavelength, i.e. corresponding to the same i _rth associative attribute. Since there are no optical signals in the coincident discharges of signs, the coordinates of the photodetectors in the j _rth rows of blocks 11 registering the absence of optical signals determine the number of discharges in the j _rth signs of the survey by which the coincidence occurred.

 Thus, the numbers of the digits are determined only in the corresponding Kth rows of the Sth blocks 11 according to the corresponding i and j, which are determined at the first stage of the search-search by coincidence at least in the rth word digits. This significantly improves the performance of the device.

 At the command of the generator 16, the address codes of the bits found from blocks 11 are supplied through the corresponding drives 27-1.27-S to the input / output channel 15.

 In this way, the numbers of the coincident digits are determined in a complex associative information search.

Using the proposed optical digital multifunctional correlator in computer technology will expand the functionality of the devices and 10 ² -10 ³ times increase the performance, reliability and compactness of such devices.

Claims (1)

 An optical digital multifunctional correlator comprising a control unit, a group of optical multiplexers, a group of optical splitters, a block of optical modulators, a group of optical combiners, a group of spectral spacers, a block of photodetectors for simple searches and a multi-channel spectral emitting unit, the group of outputs of which is optically coupled to the inputs of the same optical multiplexer groups whose output is optically coupled to the input of the corresponding optical splitter groups whose outputs are optically coupled to the inputs of the optical modulator block, the output of each optical combiner of the group is optically connected to the input of the corresponding spectral splitter of the group, each output of which is optically connected to the same input of the block of photodetectors of simple search, the first input and the first output of the control unit are respectively information the input and address output of the correlator, the outputs of the control unit from the second to the fourth are connected to the control inputs respectively channel spectral emitting unit, optical modulator unit, and simple search photodetector unit, the output of which is connected to the second input of the control unit, characterized in that it includes groups of optical gates, groups of optical combiners of complex search, groups of spectral separators of complex search, blocks of photodetectors of complex search moreover, the outputs of the block of optical modulators are optically connected with the same inputs of the optical valves of the corresponding group, the first outputs of the optical veins the styles of each group are optically connected to the same inputs of the corresponding optical combiner of a complex search of the same group, the second outputs of the optical gates of each group are optically connected to the same inputs of the optical combiners of a complex search of the corresponding group, the outputs of which are optically connected to the inputs of the spectral separators of the complex search of the corresponding group, the output of each of which is optically connected with the same input of the corresponding block of photodetectors of complex search , The outputs of which are connected to respective inputs of the control unit, the outputs of which, starting from the fifth, are connected to the control inputs of the respective photodetectors complex search blocks.

Images