RU207909U1 - FILTER CARTRIDGE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, namely, to filter cartridges with external solid flanges in the upper part of the housing for water purification from leaves and debris. The technical result of the utility model is to increase the operating time of the filter cartridge with an external solid flange in the upper part of the housing for cleaning water from leaves and debris without maintenance, all other things being equal. The claimed technical result is achieved in that a filter cartridge for water purification, comprising a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, an upper open end, a lower water-permeable end, an external solid flange in the upper part of the housing, the internal volume of which, bounded by the lateral cylindrical wall and ends, is empty, and is made so that its lateral cylindrical wall is water-permeable.

Description

Technology area

The utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, namely, to filter cartridges with external solid flanges in the upper part of the housing to purify water from leaves and debris.

State of the art

Known devices for the purification of wastewater from suspended solids and petroleum products intended for installation in sewer wells (for example, utility model patent No. 131019 (E03F 5/04, published on 08/10/2013), a similar product is also described in utility model patent No. 105320 (E03F 5/04, published 10.06.2011)), which is a container or basket with the possibility of water flowing through it. The disadvantage is the complexity of installing the device in the well and removing it from the well due to the lack of a solid flange around the perimeter of the body and lugs for its slinging and movement, as in the inventive filter cartridge. Since this technical solution is not intended for its installation on a support ring, and is also devoid of many essential features included in the limiting part of the claims of the claimed utility model, this device can be considered as close, but cannot be considered as a prototype of the claimed utility model.

Known devices for the treatment of wastewater from suspended solids, intended for installation in sewer wells (for example, US patent 6537447 B2), representing a basket with the possibility of water flowing through it. The disadvantage is that the installation of such a device is not tight because the device does not have a solid flange around the perimeter of the body, as in the inventive filter cartridge. Since this technical solution is deprived of at least one essential feature included in the limiting part of the claims of the claimed utility model, this device can be considered as an analogue, but cannot be considered as a prototype for the claimed utility model.

Known filter cartridges containing a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, upper and lower permeable ends with various cleaning loads inside (utility model patents No. 59996 (B01D 27/00, published 01/10/2007); 138579 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1 / 00, E03F 5/14, published 03/20/2014); 139065 (B01D 27/00, published 04/10/2014); 149624 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1/00, E03F 5/14, published 01/10/2015); 149627 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1/28, published 10.01.2015); 150763 (B01D 27/02, published 27.02.2015); 151523 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1/28, published 10.04.2015); 156036 (B01D 27/02, B01J 39/08, C02F 1/28, published 10/27/2015); 156676 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1/28, C02F 101/20, C02F 101/32, published 11/10/2015); 157322 (B01D 27/02, published 11/27/2015); 160669 (B01D 27/00, E03F 5/14, published 3/27/2016); 160712 (E03F 5/04, B01D 27/02, published 3/27/2016); 162748 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1/66, published 06/27/2016); 162796 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1/28, published 27 .06.2016); 163703 (B01D 27/02, C02F 1/28, C02F 101/20, C02F 101/32, published 08/10/2016)).

The disadvantage of these filter cartridges is their low capacity for leaves and man-made debris (bottles, plastic bags, paper, etc.) due to the lack of a compartment large enough for their accumulation.

Known filter cartridge containing a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, an upper water-permeable end, a solid flange around the perimeter of the housing, lugs for slinging and moving it and a cleaning cone inside (utility model patent No. 160714, (E03F 5/14, published 03/27/2016 )). This filter cartridge is quite different from the claimed one due to the fact that, unlike the claimed one, it has a waterproof bottom end and a water-permeable side wall. The disadvantage of this filter cartridge is its low capacity for leaves and debris due to the fact that leaves and debris entering the filter cartridge will quickly clog the annular channel leading to the compartment for the accumulation of suspended solids, and then the culverts on the cylindrical wall. This is due to the fact that the device is inherently designed to effectively trap sand and small particles, but is in no way designed to trap leaves and large debris.

Known filter cartridges containing a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, upper and lower water-permeable ends, a flange around the perimeter of the housing and lugs for slinging and moving it with various cleaning loads inside and a compartment for suspended solids (Patents for utility models No. 148363 (B01D 27 / 00, published 10.12.2014); 150862 (B01D 27/02, published 27.02.2015); 157102 (B01D 27/02, published 20.11.2015)). The disadvantage of these filter cartridges is their high height and volume due to the presence in them, in addition to a compartment for the accumulation of leaves and debris, compartments for deep water purification from fine sand, oil products and other pollutants. Their overestimated height and volume often make it impossible to install them in shallow rainwater wells.

Known filter cartridge for water purification, containing a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, upper and lower water-permeable ends, as well as in the upper part of the housing having an outer solid flange around the perimeter of the housing and lugs for slinging and moving the filter cartridge, characterized in that the internal volume of the filter of the cartridge, bounded by a lateral cylindrical wall and permeable ends, is empty, and at its lower permeable end there is a grate (Patent for utility model No. 176544 (B01D 27/00, E03F 5/14, published on 23.01.2018). low capacity for accumulated leaves and debris with constant resistance.

The solution described in patent No. 176544 is the closest in terms of the set of essential features to the claimed utility model and is taken as a prototype.

Disclosure of a utility model

The technical problem solved by the claimed utility model is that Russian organizations operating in the field of ecology and wastewater treatment do not have the ability to use a filter cartridge with an external solid flange around the perimeter of the body, which ensures continuous purification of wastewater from leaves and debris and the ability to install it on a regular iron support ring inside the sewer well. These organizations are forced to use for these purposes filter cartridges that are not intended for this task, for example, those listed in the "State of the art" section of this application, or buy imported expensive products, which is contrary to the state policy of import substitution in Russia.

In Russia, the practice of using filter cartridges for purifying wastewater from various pollutants is widespread. Many patents have been published (for example, patents from the "State of the art" section of this application), as well as a number of articles (for example, Bobkov A.V., Bobkova O.A. - No. 24. - P. 231-247; Vatin N.I., Chechevichkin V.N. Features of the composition and treatment of surface runoff in large cities // Engineering and construction journal. - 2014. - No. 6. - P. 67- 74; Vatin N.I., Chechevichkin V.N.Economic treatment of surface runoff in large cities. Filtration and sorption technologies // EuroStroyProfi. - 2015. - No. 78. - P. 48-52; Vatin N.I., Grekov Μ.Α., Leonov LV, Probirsky Μ.D., Rublevskaya ON, Chechevichkin AV, LA Yakunin results of test operation FCAA ^® filter to clean stormwater runoff from residential areas of St. Petersburg // Water supply and sanitary engineering. - 2017. - No. 1. - P. 58-65, Norman L.V., Vyskubova E.N. Treatment of surface wastewater. // Scientific works of KubGTU. - No. 2. - 2016. - S. 1-11). In the overwhelming majority of references to filter cartridges for purifying wastewater from various pollutants, it is noted that, firstly, the filter cartridge has a solid flange, and secondly, the filter cartridge is located on a support ring inside the sewer well between its wall rings, in other words , such a design is inherent in most of the used filter cartridges and can be taken as standard on the territory of Russia. According to the law "On standardization in the Russian Federation" (Federal Law of June 29, 2015 No. 162-FZ "On standardization in the Russian Federation", effective), the goal of standardization in Russia is "to optimize and unify the product range, ensure its compatibility and interchangeability, reduction of the time of its creation, development in production, as well as the cost of operation and disposal. " Therefore, when developing and introducing new types of filter cartridges for purifying wastewater from various pollutants, it is necessary to be guided by the principles of standardization and ensure the compatibility and interchangeability of previously released filter cartridges and newly developed ones. To do this, it is necessary to ensure that newly developed filter cartridges have such essential features as a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, upper and lower water-permeable ends, as well as the presence in the upper part of the housing of an external solid flange along the perimeter of the housing.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to develop a simple, cheap and reliable design of a filter cartridge with an external solid flange around the perimeter of the body, which provides the best known wastewater treatment from leaves and debris, as well as the ability to install on a support ring inside a sewer well.

This task has become extremely important since 2013 due to the release of Government Decree No. 644 (On Approval of the Rules for Cold Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal and on Amendments to Certain Acts of the Government of the Russian Federation (as amended on May 22, 2020, version effective from July 1, 2020) ), which prohibits the dumping of leaves and debris into the storm sewer. Leaves and man-made debris are currently one of the main reasons for blocking sewer networks and spending a lot on cleaning them. This is especially important since leaves and debris form and contaminate storm water on a regular basis. This fact undoubtedly requires the development of simple, cheap and reliable filter cartridges that could be installed in each sewer well under the storm inlet, regardless of the depth of the existing well.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the operating time of the filter cartridge with an outer solid flange in the upper part of the housing for cleaning water from leaves and debris without maintenance, all other things being equal.

Hereinafter, the operating time of a filter cartridge with an external solid flange in the upper part of the housing for cleaning water from leaves and debris without maintenance, other things being equal, means the operating time of a filter cartridge of a standard height and diameter when it receives a drain with a standard capacity, with a standard the amount of leaves and debris in it, which the filter can work without being serviced by personnel, that is, without removing the accumulated mass of leaves and debris from it.

The claimed technical result is achieved in that a filter cartridge for water purification, comprising a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, an upper open end, a lower water-permeable end, an external solid flange in the upper part of the housing, the internal volume of which, bounded by the lateral cylindrical wall and ends, is empty, and is made so that its lateral cylindrical wall is water-permeable.

Brief Description of Drawings

For a better understanding of the essence of the utility model, its description is considered with the help of accompanying drawings.

Figure 1. General sectional view of a filter cartridge installed on a support ring in a concrete well of a storm sewer.

The proposed drawing illustrates only one preferred embodiment of the utility model, and therefore cannot be considered as limiting the content of the utility model, which does not include other versions of its implementation.

Implementation of the utility model

FIG. 1 shows a schematic image of the inventive filter cartridge installed in a reinforced concrete rainwater well for cleaning the drain in the storm sewer network, where the following are indicated: 1 - filter cartridge, 2 - reinforced concrete well, 3 - solid flange of the filter cartridge, 4 - support ring, 5 - holes ( version) on the side wall, 6 - grate (version) at the lower water-permeable end, 7 - side wall.

The filter cartridge 1 is installed using a solid flange 3 inside a reinforced concrete sewer well 2 on a support ring 4. Untreated water with leaves and debris flows from above to the filter cartridge 1, bounded by a side wall 7 and an open upper end and a water-permeable lower end, is cleaned in it on a grate 6 (version) and holes 5 (version), and then comes out already cleaned from the bottom of the filter cartridge 1 and the water-permeable side wall 7.

Let us consider in detail the pollutant of storm runoff "leaves and debris" and its differences from another pollutant, for cleaning from which the previously known filter cartridges are intended, namely, from suspended solids.

Suspended matter usually refers to sand, clay and other fine particles that are always present in storm water running on roads. As a rule, drainage is purified from them on filter media (synthetic winterizer, dornit, lavsan and others) or in thin-shelf modules (in which suspended solids settle).

It should be noted that suspended solids, when they settle on the filtering medium, create a barrier (resistance) that prevents water from flowing through this medium.

The pollutant under consideration "leaves and debris" is similar to suspended solids, but with significant differences. The main difference is that leaves and debris, accumulating on the grate, practically do not create obstacles (resistance) for the further movement of liquid through them due to their large size and uneven shape, and, therefore, with a high porosity (water permeability) of the layer.

Thanks to this, it is possible to make filter cartridges for leaves and debris of a large capacity (and, therefore, with a long working time between cleaning the filter cartridge), simply by increasing the free space in front of the water-permeable barrier in it. This approach is not valid for small suspended solids, since in this case an increase in the volume above the filtering medium will not lead to an increase in the resource, since small suspended solids, forming a dense layer of small thickness, will prevent water from flowing through them, regardless of the volume above them. ...

Narrowing the scope of application of the claimed filter cartridge to purify water only from leaves and debris and removing the cleaning load (a particular case of which is the filter medium) from the filter cartridge, we obtain a design that allows cleaning the drain from a large number of leaves and debris and providing the possibility of more rare cleaning of this filter cartridge.

The feature of the utility model "Filter cartridge for water purification", inherent in the limiting part of the formula of this utility model, is an essential feature and a necessary condition for achieving a technical result within the technical field of the claimed filter cartridge, since:

a) Provides the relationship between the claimed filter cartridge and the prototype, which also has this feature.

b) Refers the filter cartridge to its inherent technical field, and therefore is an essential feature and a necessary condition for achieving a technical result within the technical field of the claimed device.

The feature of the utility model "containing a housing having a lateral cylindrical wall, an upper open end and a lower water-permeable end", inherent in the limiting part of the claims of the present utility model, is an essential feature and a prerequisite for achieving a technical result within the technical field of the claimed filter cartridge, since:

a) Provides the relationship between the claimed filter cartridge and the prototype, which also has this feature.

b) Provides the ability of the claimed filter cartridge to accumulate leaves and debris in the internal volume of the body, enclosed between the cylindrical wall and its ends, that is, it allows you to achieve a technical result.

c) The openness of the upper end allows leaves and debris of any size and shape to enter the internal volume of the body for accumulation in it, that is, it allows to achieve a technical result.

d) The water-permeable bottom end provides the ability to drain water from leaves and debris, that is, freeing up volume for new leaves and debris, which leads to the achievement of a technical result.

It should be noted that, by definition, the openness of the upper end ensures its permeability to both water and leaves and debris. The water permeability of the lower end, by its definition, ensures only its permeability to water.

The feature of the utility model "having an external solid flange in the upper part of the housing", inherent in the limiting part of the formula of the present utility model, is an essential feature and a prerequisite for achieving a technical result within the technical field of the claimed filter cartridge, since:

a) Provides the relationship between the claimed filter cartridge and the prototype, which also has this feature.

b) Refers the claimed filter cartridge to its inherent technical field, and therefore is an essential feature and a necessary condition for achieving a technical result within the technical field of the claimed filter cartridge.

c) Ensures adherence to the principles of standardization and ensures the compatibility and interchangeability of previously released filter cartridges and newly developed ones.

The feature of the utility model "the internal volume of the filter cartridge, limited by the lateral cylindrical wall and ends, is empty", inherent in the limiting part of the formula of the present utility model, is an essential feature and a necessary condition for achieving a technical result within the technical field of the claimed filter cartridge, since:

a) Provides the relationship between the claimed filter cartridge and the prototype, which also has this feature.

b) Provides the presence of an empty volume inside the filter cartridge, necessary for the accumulation of leaves and debris, thereby leading to the achievement of a technical result.

The feature of the utility model "the lateral cylindrical wall is made water-permeable", inherent in the distinctive part of the formula of this utility model, is an essential feature and a prerequisite for achieving a technical result within the field of technology of the claimed filter cartridge, since as leaves and debris accumulate in the filter cartridge (especially different sizes), they will be compacted in it, and in the direction of the flow of water in the filter cartridge. This is due to the fact that solid particles (for example, small leaves) move along with the flow of water, which will fill all possible voids in the course of their movement.

Adding water permeability to the side wall in addition to the water permeability of the lower end allows the flow of water in the filter cartridge to be directed not only towards the lower end, but also towards the side wall. This allows solid particles (for example, small leaves) to compact not only in one direction downward (towards the lower end), but also sideways (towards the side wall), which ultimately leads to a denser accumulation of leaves and debris in the filter cartridge, which, with a constant volume of the filter cartridge, leads to an increase in the amount of accumulated leaves and debris in it. With a standard productivity, with a standard amount of leaves and debris in the treated water, this will undoubtedly lead to an increase in the service life of the filter cartridge for leaves and debris, which ultimately leads to the achievement of a technical result.

The peculiarities of the particular forms of the filter cartridge in the part of the material from which the filter cartridge is made do not affect the achievement of the technical result, which is ensured in any of the cases inherent in a given degree of generalization of the feature, since:

If the filter cartridge is intended for wastewater treatment, according to the technical field, then it can be used for wastewater treatment. Within the material of which the filter cartridge is made, this material cannot affect the ability of the filter cartridge to accumulate leaves and debris on its own.

This generalized feature can be implemented in a material carrier, for example, in variance: plastic of any kind, steel, composite material.

The peculiarities of the particular forms of the filter cartridge in terms of the type of water permeability of the ends and the cylindrical wall do not affect the achievement of the technical result, which is ensured in any of the cases inherent in a given degree of generalization of the feature, since the variability of water permeability can be realized in varying the shape and size of the holes. In a material carrier, it can be realized, for example, in the form of a lattice, mesh or membrane. The difference between them lies only in the shape and size of the holes, which can be any. It should be noted that the size and shape of leaves and debris can also be anything (from small birch leaves to large hogweed leaves, from cigarette butts to empty two liter bottles). Therefore, for any size of leaves or debris (from which the drain is cleaned), the type of water permeability of the ends and the cylindrical wall of the inventive filter cartridge can be selected. And in view of the fact that, according to the field of technology, the size of leaves and debris (from which the drain is cleared) is not standardized, then the type of water permeability of the ends and the cylindrical wall cannot be normalized either.

The peculiarities of the particular forms of the filter cartridge in terms of the fraction of the area of the water-permeable part of the lower end to the total area of the lower end and the fraction of the area of the water-permeable part of the side wall to the total area of the side wall do not affect the achievement of the technical result, which is provided in any of the cases inherent in a given degree of generalization of the feature. because:

Even the minimum permeability of the ends or sidewall will allow water to pass through the filter cartridge and accumulate leaves and debris in it.

An increase in the proportion of the area of the water-permeable part of the lower end to the total area of the lower end and the proportion of the area of the water-permeable part of the side wall to the total area of the side wall will only lead to more efficient and long-term operation of the claimed filter cartridge, but the fact of achieving the technical result will not change from this.

The claimed filter cartridge will find wide application in Russia, since the need to clean storm runoff from leaves and anthropogenic debris is now becoming an important and economically justified task not only for business entities, but also for organizations of the water supply and sewage system of cities, on the balance of which there are urban stormwater drainage networks.

Claims (1)

A filter cartridge for cleaning storm drains from leaves and debris, containing a body having a lateral cylindrical wall, an upper open end, a lower permeable end, an outer solid flange in the upper part of the body, the internal volume of which, bounded by a lateral cylindrical wall and ends, is empty, characterized by that the lateral cylindrical wall is made water-permeable.

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