RU207801U1 - Sand disinfection mobile device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model refers to devices intended for preventive measures to ensure the protection of the environment from contamination by pathogens of parasitic diseases, the destruction in the external environment of germ elements of pathogens of invasive diseases of humans, animals, plants, in particular to a device for disinfestation of sand. A mobile device for disinfestation of sand, including a platform made with the possibility of movement and containing a body equipped with receiving and unloading openings, inside which a heating device is installed, a drying drum with blades placed inside it, rotating clockwise, having different lengths of support-fasteners with the creation of tilt towards the unloading side, a sieve, a container for a disinfectant connected by a pipeline to a pump with a nozzle with the possibility of creating a fine suspension from the disinfectant for the sifted sand to pass through it on the way from the sieve to the discharge opening. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to improve hygienic and sanitary indicators in the territory of preschool educational organizations.

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The utility model relates to devices designed for preventive measures to ensure the protection of the environment from contamination by pathogens of parasitic diseases, the destruction in the external environment of germ elements of pathogens of invasive diseases of humans, animals, plants, in particular, to a device for disinfestation of sand.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

Soil disinfection is measures for the disinfection of environmental objects from pathogens of parasitic diseases.

The need for disinfection of sand is due to the fact that eggs of geohelminths mature in the sand to the invasive stage. With the participation of sand, the eggs of many biohelminths are spread among the intermediate hosts. Physical factors, primarily various types of high temperature, have proven to be ineffective. According to N.A. Romanenko, when the soil is heated with a blowtorch, it heats up very slowly: after 10 minutes the temperature on its surface reaches 45 degrees, after 15 minutes - 74 ° C. Helminth eggs on the soil surface die, but at a depth of 3 and 5 cm, where the temperature did not exceed 23 ° C, and, accordingly, helminth eggs remain viable. The method based on the use of boiling water has the same disadvantage. When processing it at the rate of 12.5 liters per 1 mg of the surface, the soil temperature rises to 75 ° C, but after 5 minutes it drops to 50 degrees. In this case, only helminth eggs die in the surface layer, but they remain viable at a depth of 2 cm or more. The method based on the use of steam under pressure is more effective. So, steam under a pressure of 4 atmospheres for 1 minute heats the soil to 80 degrees to a depth of 10 cm and kills all helminth eggs.

Currently, there are two main ways to disinfect sand:

1. Chemical

2. Physical

The unifying goals and objectives of both methods of soil disinfection, in particular sand, are measures to disinfect sand from viable eggs of helminths (ascaris, whipworms, toxocar, fasciolus, etc.), cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa and oocysts, cryptosporidia, as well as cleaning sand from foreign elements - glass, shells, stones, chips, clay, animal feces.

The chemical method involves the use of thiozone (or an analogue) at a dosage of 200 g of the drug in 5 liters of water per 1 sq. m with an exposure of 10 days (with the obligatory condition of covering the treated area with plastic wrap for 7-10 days). For these purposes, 1% carbolineum solution, 1-3% xylenol solution, 10% creolin solution, 3-5% alkaline phenol solution, 3-5% sulfur phenol mixture, 1% sodium pentachlorophenolate solution, 1%> anabazine sulfate solution, are also used. waste from sulfuric acid production - pyrite cinder, 5% formalin and dichloroethane solution at a dose of 3-4 liters per square meter, sodium chloride at the rate of 1 kg per square meter once every 10 days to destroy ankylostomid larvae, 5-10% naphtocreolin solution in dosage of 5 buckets per square meter, ammonium nitrate and sulfate, potassium chloride in the amount of 1.05 and 0.25 kg per square meter, oil growth substance (NRV) and "green soap", 0.5-1% solution of non-agon with dichloroethane , solution of carbation and thiazone.

One of the conditions for this event is the presence of a positive ambient temperature (approximately 20 degrees Celsius). However, under these conditions and when using polyethylene film, the following risks arise:

A) under a layer of sand (soil base, which remained untreated by the chemical composition), favorable conditions arise for the reproduction of pathogens of parasitic diseases;

B) under the given weather conditions, sandboxes are operated in 100 cases out of 100. It is impossible to ensure the safety of the plastic film over the sandbox;

C) a greenhouse effect is formed, as a result of which an intensive hydrolysis of the wood of the sandbox body occurs, which is contrary to the requirements of clause 5.17. SNiP III-10-75.

Besides:

• The thickness of the sand layer in the sandbox is different. From the description of the chemical method of sand processing, it is impossible to draw a conclusion about the necessary and sufficient amount of disinfectant to achieve the maximum effect. It is also necessary to take into account the impossibility of determining the degree of water absorption of sands of various compositions, i.e., the higher the content of dusty, silty and clayey impurities in the sand, the lower the degree of water absorption (when water is combined with the above impurities, clay is formed, which, in turn, possesses properties of moisture capacity and swelling, which will prevent the disinfectant from penetrating under the formed clay layer);

• the removal of possible foreign elements from the sand is not ensured - glass, shells, stones, chips, clay, animal feces, impurities of grains of gravel and silt.

The physical method implies heat treatment regardless of the location of extraction and the composition of the sand. This is required for the destruction of microorganisms living in it, as well as compliance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.7.1287-03 "Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Soil Quality": sand crystals should be within 1-3mm (particle), i.e. be dust-free, while not having extraneous elements - glass, shells, stones, chips, clay, animal feces. In addition, in accordance with clause 5.20 of SNiP III-10-75, “the sand in the sandboxes of playgrounds should not have impurities of grains of gravel, silt and clay. For sandpits, sifted washed river sand should be used. The use of rock sand is not allowed. "

To implement the physical method of disinfestation of sand, it is necessary to remove the sand from the sandbox and send it for processing to an appropriate enterprise, or dispose of it and deliver sand that meets all the requirements. Reasons preventing this:

a) sand processing enterprises are not present in all settlements;

b) the volume of sand in the sandbox is too small for the cost-effectiveness of moving it from the point of intake to the point of processing and its return delivery.

c) sand that has undergone heat treatment followed by fractional sieving will not be treated with a disinfectant in order to prevent the creation of unfavorable factors for the emergence of pathogens of parasitic diseases.

There is no equipment for treating sand with disinfectants directly on site.

Known equipment for heat treatment and sieving sand (https: //xn----8sbaacc8biruh6af2a9e7bp.xn--p1ai/reshenie/sushilnoe-oborudovanie/? Yclid = 240919229318585922).

There are no analogues of equipment that simultaneously performs heat treatment, sieving and chemical treatment of sand with disinfectants directly at the facility.

USEFUL MODEL DISCLOSURE

The objective of the present utility model is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to improve hygienic and sanitary indicators in the territory of preschool educational organizations.

The specified technical result of the claimed utility model is achieved due to the fact that a mobile device for disinfection of sand includes a platform made with the ability to move and containing a housing equipped with inlet and outlet openings, inside which a heating device, a drying drum, a sieve, a container for a disinfectant are installed, pump with nozzle connected to the disinfectant container.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a general view of the sand disinfestation complex on the territory of preschool educational organizations.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE USEFUL MODEL

A mobile device for sand disinfection, including a platform made with the ability to move and containing a housing equipped with inlet and outlet openings, inside which a heating device (5), a drying drum (6), a sieve (13), a container for a disinfectant (7) are installed, pump (8) with nozzle (8.1) connected to the container for the disinfectant (7).

A mobile device installed on a trailer platform (11) with wheels of a passenger car is delivered to the area where the disinfestation object is located (sandbox). A trailer (11) is located in the immediate vicinity, on which are placed: a drying drum (6), a heating device (4), (in particular, a gas burner or a steam generator) which is integrated into the drying drum, a container for a disinfectant (7), a dosing pump (8) with nozzle (8.1). All structural elements are located inside the body, mounted on the platform. The body also contains a receiving (3) and unloading (14) openings.

The mobile device is part of a sand disinfection complex on the territory of preschool educational organizations.

The complex contains a belt conveyor (2), a mobile device and a device for collecting (10) treated sand. The lower part of the belt conveyor 2 is located above the edge of the sandbox (1), and the upper part above the receiving opening (3) in the housing, which is located above the drying drum (6). To drive the electric motor of the belt conveyor (2), drying drum (6), metering pump (8), an electric power generator (12) is provided, to which these devices are connected.

The propane cylinder (5) is located at a distance of 5m from the work area and is connected to the gas burner using a propane hose.

Employee (number one) starts the conveyor belt motor (2), starts the drying drum motor (6), and also starts the metering pump (8) .Using a shovel, he feeds sand directly from the sandbox to the belt conveyor (2), through which the sand rises and falls into the inlet (3) and the drying drum (6). When propane gas is burned, the gas burner creates an initial minimum temperature of 800 ° C, the body of the drying drum (6) rotates clockwise. The sand is moved to the side with the help of blades placed inside the drying drum (6) and a given slope (for example, 10 °) sieves (13), sifted and under its own weight falls into the discharge opening (14). The disinfectant is placed in a container (7) and fed to the fine-dispersion nozzle (8.1) through the pipeline using a dosing pump (8), where, at a pressure of 10 bar, a fine-dispersion suspension is created from the disinfectant, through which sand passes (9), on the way from the sieve (13) to the unloading opening (14) and then getting into the device for collecting (10) treated sand, for example, a construction trolley. Employee (number two) unloads the sand from the construction trolley back to the sandbox (1). Waste after sifting the sand is loaded into bags and subject to further disposal.

The drying drum (6) has a different length of support-mountings, due to which an inclination towards the unloading side is created.

A mobile device for sand disinfestation allows to eliminate the disadvantages of using separately a chemical and physical method of sand disinfestation, namely:

a) The peak temperature at the beginning of sand firing is about 800 ° C, while the maximum temperature at which all known pathogens of parasitic diseases die is 100 degrees. Along the route of the sand mixture, before the start of the screening procedure, the temperature drops from 800 degrees to 60 degrees with the length of the drying drum (6) being 3 meters, i.e. for each centimeter, the temperature, taking into account the decrease, is:

800,00 ° С-300cm (beginning of the path)

797.53 ° C - 299cm

795.00 ° C - 298cm

792.53 ° C - 297cm

790.00 ° C - 296cm

787.53 ° C - 295cm

.........................

60 ° С - 0cm (end of the path)

From the given values of the temperature and the distance of the sand mixture, it can be concluded that none of the pathogens of parasitic diseases has a chance of survival under such temperature conditions.

b) the removal of possible extraneous elements from the sand is fully ensured - glass, shells, stones, chips, clay, animal feces, impurities of grains of gravel and silt.

c) after the absolute destruction of the pathogens of parasitic diseases and the elimination of all kinds of foreign elements, a preventive chemical treatment of the sand with a disinfectant is carried out using a metering pump (8) of increased pressure, as a result of which there is a significant increase in the active contact area, which allows the disinfectant to penetrate deep into the cellular conglomerates, which , in turn, does not allow the possibility of the occurrence of favorable conditions for the presence of pathogens of parasitic diseases until the time of the next scheduled disinvasion procedure.

d) there is no need to use any covering material, in particular, PET film, which eliminates the possibility of a "greenhouse effect", which avoids the acceleration of the process of hydrolysis of wood in the body of the sandbox, and also does not create favorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogens of parasitic diseases.

e) when the substance is divided into the smallest particles, the active surface area of the preparation sharply increases, which leads to a sharp decrease in its consumption, which, in turn, allows, with an increase in the quality of processing, to reduce the consumption of the disinfectant.

f) no wetting of sand occurs during spraying.

Claims (1)

A mobile device for disinfestation of sand, including a platform made with the possibility of movement and containing a body equipped with receiving and unloading openings, inside which a heating device is installed, a drying drum with blades placed inside it, rotating clockwise, having different lengths of support-fasteners with the creation of tilt towards the unloading side, a sieve, a container for a disinfectant connected by a pipeline to a pump with a nozzle with the possibility of creating a fine suspension from the disinfectant for the sifted sand to pass through it on the way from the sieve to the discharge opening.

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