RU2077013C1 - Automatic small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automatic firearm. SUBSTANCE: small arms has a striking-type firing mechanism providing for applying single and automatic fire with high-power cartridges. The trigger and sear are positioned on parallel pins. Installed on the sear pin are the disconnector, sear spring and safety lock, and on the trigger pin-the automatic release, trigger spring and automatic release spring. Additionally installed on the trigger head is a lever that is engageable with the sear pin at interlocking of the trigger, and an additional lug is formed for engagement with the disconnector. The movable stop element of the change lever is installed for engagement with the disconnector. EFFECT: simplified design and enhanced adaptability to manufacture. 4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to defense technology and is aimed at improving automatic small arms with firing mechanism firing type, providing the conduct of single and automatic firing.

 An automatic weapon of this type is known (1), in the chamber of which a shutter, striker and percussion mechanism with a control element are installed. The control element is triggered by a trigger. There is also a holding element for the shutter, interacting with the control element. In the first position, the control element fixes the holding element with the trigger released. In the second position, it allows the holding element to move from the delay position and vice versa with the trigger pressed.

 A firearm according to the patent of France (2) contains a striking mechanism, a barrel, a trigger, a magazine, a fuse.

 The automatic firearm described in the FRG patent (3) is the closest analogue to the claimed one. It contains a trigger, a latch that performs the function of a sear, a translator of the firing mode, a self-timer, a progressively moving drummer.

 The design proposed in the prototype has several disadvantages, namely it contains a relatively large number of parts, the sear (latch) has a longitudinal hole for the axis of rotation, the kinematics of the mechanism as a whole, and the interaction of individual parts during operation are quite complex and difficult to debug. All of the above complicates the design of the trigger mechanism of the weapon, increases the complexity of its manufacture and debugging, and makes reliable operation of the weapon very problematic.

 The technical task of the invention is the creation of a highly reliable compact small arms having a simple design, simple to manufacture and operate.

 This problem is solved in that in an automatic weapon containing a receiver, a bolt frame with a return spring, a bolt and a trigger mechanism with a striker, a combat spring, a trigger and a sear located on parallel axes, the trigger head is made with an additional protrusion and equipped with a lever located with the possibility of abutment in the bottom of the receiver in the initial position of the trigger, while the sear axis is used as a fuse, which is made with a cutout for the head lever and the trigger is provided with a firmly fixed at its arm end and the fuse is mounted rotatably and locking head of the trigger lever. The disconnector is made in the form of a two-shouldered lever, is spring-loaded and mounted on the axis of the sear with the possibility of interaction with one shoulder with an additional protrusion of the trigger head, and with the other with the hammer cock. The self-timer is mounted on the axis of the trigger, and the translator is equipped with a thrust element and is installed with the possibility of interaction with the thrust element with the disconnector. In this case, all springs are made in the form of torsion springs, the trigger and self-timer springs are installed on the axis of the trigger, and the sear and disconnector springs are made in the form of a double torsion spring with three ends and are installed on the whisper axis with a double end stop in the bottom of the receiver. The transmitter is made in the form of a rod located across the receiver with the ability to move along its axis and provided with a protrusion for interaction with the arm of the disconnector. This design of the weapon provides him with high reliability and allows it to be compact and easy to operate.

 In FIG. 1. shows the initial location of the mobile weapon system before loading.

 Fuse lever in the "Fuse" position. The translator is in the "Single shooting" position. Drummer and slide frame in extreme forward position.

 In FIG. 2. The weapon is shown, the type of weapon from above in arrow A (the mainspring is not conventionally shown).

 In FIG. 3 shows the initial position of the parts of the trigger mechanism of the weapon to start conducting single firing.

 Fuse lever in the "Fire" position. The translator is in the "Single shooting" position. The drummer is cocked and held by the sear.

 In FIG. 4 shows the position of the parts of the trigger mechanism of the weapon after firing, with the translator in the "Single shooting" position and the trigger fully "depressed." The drummer is cocked and held by the disconnector.

 In FIG. 5 shows the position of the mobile weapon system after firing, when the bolt frame did not reach the frontmost position for a distance of more than 10 mm.

 Translator in the "Automatic shooting" position. The trigger is fully depressed. The drummer is cocked and held by the self-timer.

 In FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a translator in the form of a transversely mounted movable rod with a protrusion.

 Translator in the "Automatic shooting" position. Fuse lever in the "Fuse" position.

 The weapon contains a receiver 1, a bolt frame 2, a bolt 3, a return spring 4, a striker 5 and a combat spring 6. The trigger mechanism consists of a trigger 7 and a sear 8 located on axes 9 and 10 parallel to each other, a self-timer 11, a translator 12 and a fuse with a lever 13 (Fig. 2). On the rotary axis 10, together with the sear 8, there is a disconnector 14, made in the form of a rotating two-shouldered lever. Between the sear 8 and disconnector 14 there is a spring 15 of the sear and disconnector, made in this example at the same time as a torsion spring with three ends. The end 15a rests on the disconnector, 15c rests on the shoulder whispering, and the double end 15 s (Fig. 1) abuts against the bottom of the receiver. On the axis 9 of the trigger are self-starting 11 with a spring 16 and a spring 17 of the trigger. The self-timer spring 16 at one end (Fig. 1) abuts the self-timer, and at the other (Fig. 2) axis 10.

 The trigger head 7 (see Fig. 2) is worn on the axis of the trigger 9. On the trigger head there is a protrusion 7a for interacting with the sear 8, a lever 7b for interacting with the axis 10 and an additional protrusion 7c for interacting with the folding 14a made on disconnector 14.

 Self-timer 11 is made in the form of a two-shouldered lever, one shoulder of which is spring-loaded (Fig. 1), and the other, interacting with the protrusion of the striker 5a, has an folding 11a in the form of a platform perpendicular to the plane of the self-timer lever to hold the striker on the self-timer cock.

 The sear 8 is made in the form of a two-shouldered lever, one shoulder of which interacts with the protrusion 7a of the trigger, and the other is spring-loaded and serves to hold the striker 5 on the cock.

 The disconnector 14 (Fig. 2) is a two-arm lever, the rear shoulder of which is spring-loaded and serves to hold the striker 5 in the cocked position with the trigger 7. The front shoulder of the disconnector is made curved, freely encompasses the axis 9 of the trigger, and at the end has an unbend 14a for interacting with the additional protrusion 7c of the trigger.

 The axis of the sear 10 (Fig. 2) simultaneously serves as a fuse. To do this, the fuse lever 13 is fixed on it and a cutout 10a is made for the lever 7 to pass into the trigger.

 The trigger lever 7c freely passes along the cutout 10a of the axis of the sear 10 with the fuse turned off (Fig. 3) (the fuse lever is in the "Fire" position), and with the fuse turned on (Fig. 1) (the fuse lever is in the "Fuse" position) the sear axis locks the trigger lever 7c, preventing it from turning.

 On the trigger guard under the bottom of the receiver is the firing mode translator 12 (Fig. 4, view B), which is made in the form of a pivoting flag with a protrusion 12a, interacting with the front (curved) arm of the disconnector.

 An embodiment of the firing mode translator is shown in FIG. 6, where the translator is made in the form of a movable rod 18, transversely placed in the hole of the receiver, the protrusion 18a of which blocks the u-turn of the front (bent) arm of the disconnector when the translator is in the "Automatic shooting" position, and does not interfere with its u-turn when the translator is set to Single shooting position. Fixation of the translator is carried out by the double end 15 from the spring of the sear, which abuts against one of the holes 18c made on the translator's shaft.

The weapon works as follows. Before loading (Fig. 1):
the bolt frame 2 with the bolt 3 under the action of the return spring 4 are in the extreme forward position, the bolt is rotated around the longitudinal axis counterclockwise, its combat stops are located against the protrusions of the receiver — the bolt is locked, the return spring has the smallest compression;
the self-timer lever 11 under the action of the protrusion 2A (Fig. 5) of the shutter frame is turned down and forward;
the striker 5 is lowered and is in the forward position, the mainspring 6 has the smallest compression;
whispered 8 and disconnector 14 under the action of the spring of the sear 15 turned completely into the corresponding protrusions 7a and 7c of the trigger 7;
firing mode translator 12 in the "Single shooting"position; fuse lever 13 in the "Fuse" position.

 When the movable weapon system is retracted after setting the safety lever to the "Fire" position, the bolt is unlocked and the protrusion 2a of the bolt frame releases the self-timer lever, the spring-loaded shoulder of which rises and abuts against the receiver guide under the action of the spring 16. With a further retraction of the bolt frame 2, the bolt 3 and the striker 5 leave together with it, with its protrusion 5a successively popping over the spring-loaded shoulder of the whisper and for bending the self-timer 11a. The return and war springs are compressed.

 When releasing the mobile weapon system, together with the bolt and hammer, under the action of the return and mainspring, it moves forward. The shutter pushes the upper cartridge out of the magazine (not shown), sends it to the chamber and closes the bore. The drummer protrudes against the bending 11a self-timer protrusion and stops (Fig. 5).

 The bolt frame, continuing to move forward, protrudes the spring-loaded shoulder of the self-timer downward by the protrusion 2a, the folding of the self-timer 11a disengages from the hammer. The drummer under the action of the mainspring moves forward and becomes on the rear spring-loaded shoulder of the sear.

 For conducting single firing, it is necessary that the translator of the firing mode 12 was set to the position "Single shooting" (Fig. 4, view B). In this case, the protrusion 12a of the translator is positioned so that it does not interfere with the vertical movement of the front (curved) disconnector arm, which with its bend 14a rests on the additional protrusion 7c of the trigger and moves with the protrusion when the trigger is pressed.

 To turn off the fuse, it is necessary to turn the fuse lever 13 to the down position, while the axis 10 is turned along with the lever, the cutout 10a of which is located above the end of the trigger lever 7c does not prevent the passage of the lever 7c when the trigger is pressed.

 When you press the trigger 7, its protrusion 7a acts on the front shoulder of the whisper. The sear turns and releases the drummer 5. A shot is fired. Shutter frame 2 moves back. Everything happens as if you take it back when loading. The drummer 5 after disengaging with the self-timer under the influence of the mainspring 6 becomes on the back shoulder of the disconnector (figure 4).

 To carry out the next shot, you need to release the trigger, which will turn under the action of its spring and its additional protrusion 7c will unfold the disconnector 14, which in turn will release the hammer. In this case, the protrusion 7a of the trigger head will release the sear, and it will unfold under the action of its spring so that at the moment of the breakdown of the striker and disconnector, the rear shoulder of the whisper will rise in the path of movement of the striker.

 When you press the trigger again, its protrusion 7a will act on the front shoulder of the sear 8, the sear will turn and release the drummer. Another shot will happen.

 To conduct automatic firing, you must put the translator of the firing mode 12 in the "Automatic shooting" position (Fig. 5), while the protrusion 12a of the translator’s flag acts on the front (curved) arm of the disconnector so that the rear spring-loaded arm of the disconnector does not impede the free movement of the striker.

 When you press the trigger, its protrusion 7a acts on the front shoulder of the sear, which will turn and release the drummer. The drummer, under the action of the mainspring, will strike a cartridge igniter capsule. A shot will happen. Further, everything happens the same as with single shooting. But after the shutter frame is turned down and the self-timer bending 11a is out of engagement with the protrusion of the striker, the striker will strike the cartridge igniter under the action of the mainspring. A shot will happen. In the future, the work of parts of the weapon will be repeated. Shooting will be repeated as long as the trigger is pressed and there are ammunition in the magazine.

 To stop firing, release the trigger, which rotates under the action of the spring. The sear also under the action of the spring will turn and stop the drummer. Shooting will stop.

 If there is no need for shooting, the fuse is activated. In this case, the fuse lever turns up. The axis 10 becomes above the protrusion 7c of the trigger 7 and prevents its rotation (Fig. 1 and 2).

Claims (4)

 1. Automatic small arms containing a receiver, a bolt frame with a return spring, a bolt and a trigger mechanism, including a firing pin with a mainspring, a spring-loaded sear, a spring-loaded trigger with a protrusion on the head for interacting with the sear, parallel to each other, the axes of the sear and trigger, self-timer in the form of a two-shouldered lever, disconnector, translator and fuse, characterized in that the trigger head is made with an additional protrusion and is equipped with a lever located with the possibility of stopping in the bottom of the receiver in the initial position of the trigger, the sear axis was used, which is made with a cutout for the trigger head lever, is equipped with a fuse lever rigidly fixed to its end face and mounted with the ability to rotate and lock the trigger lever of the trigger head, the disconnector is made in the form of a two-shouldered lever, spring-loaded and mounted on the axis of the sear with the possibility of interaction with one shoulder with an additional protrusion of the trigger head, and rugim a cocked firing pin, the self-timer is set to a trigger axis, and a translator is provided with a stop element and arranged to interact with the stop member disconnector.  2. The weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that the trigger and self-timer springs are made in the form of torsion springs and are installed on the trigger axis, and the sear and disconnector springs are made in the form of a double torsion spring with three ends and are installed on the sear axis with an emphasis double end to the bottom of the receiver, and single ends, respectively, in the shoulder of the sear and in the shoulder of the disconnector.  3. The weapon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the translator is made in the form of a rod mounted transversely to the receiver with the ability to move along the axis and provided with a protrusion for interaction with the shoulder of the disconnector.  4. The weapon according to claim 3, characterized in that the twin end of the whisper and disconnector spring rests on the bottom of one of the two holes formed on the translator shaft.

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