RU2076182C1 - Building reinforced block for construction of underwater structures and method of construction of underwater structures from building reinforced blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: the invention offers a design of building block consisting of shell filled with water, with molecules of hydrate-forming gases introduced into intermolecular spaces of shell to form clathrates, and method of construction of underwater structures from these building reinforced blocks. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used for the construction of underwater structures, including deep-sea, from hardened building blocks.

 The closest technical solution is a hardened building block for the construction of underwater structures, consisting of blocks in the form of a shell with a filler and made with the possibility of connecting the blocks together, and a method of building underwater structures from building hardened blocks, each of which consists of blocks in the form of a shell with aggregate, including the placement of blocks in water, the connection of the blocks among themselves in groups and the combination of groups of blocks in a finished building (US patent N 3913336, CL 63 63/00, 1976).

 The disadvantage of this solution is that its rigidity is determined by the material of the shell of the block.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the rigidity and load capacity of the structure.

The problem is solved in that in the hardened building block, the shell has an opening for filling it with water, followed by the introduction of hydrate former (M) clathrate compounds of the type M.6H ₂ O or M.17H ₂ O to strengthen the shell and, if necessary, a valve or plug for closing the hole, and in the method of constructing underwater structures from hardened building blocks, the shell is made with a hole through which water is introduced into it, while the block is filled with water after placing it in water, after which the block gruzhayut a depth corresponding to conditions of hydrate formation, and after the connection blocks into groups each attached to the opening and the hose is pumped therethrough gidratoobrazovatel (M) to obtain a clathrate compounds such M.6N M.17N ₂ O or O _2, after which the hole is closed if necessary valve or plug.

 The drawing shows a hardened building block.

The hardened building block for the construction of underwater structures consists of a hollow shell 1 with a hole 2 and a filler 3, which is introduced into the shell 1 through the hole 2. The filler 3 is water into which a hydrate former (M) type M.6H ₂ O is pumped through hole 2 or M. 17H ₂ O, for example, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, methane, etc. which is selected depending on the immersion depth of the blocks during the construction of underwater structures. The hydro-forming agent forms a clathrate compound (inclusion compound).

 The underwater structure is erected as follows. The manufactured shells of the blocks are placed in water on the surface of the place in the area of which the structure is being erected at a depth. Then through the hole 2 of the shell 2 is filled with water and lowered to the required depth. Then the blocks are interconnected by connecting elements 4 into groups of blocks, a hose from the source of hydrate former is connected to the hole 2 of each block and the hydrate former is pumped to obtain a clathrate compound. After this, the holes 2 in the blocks are closed with a valve or plug if necessary. The immersion depth of the blocks must comply with hydrate formation conditions. After the formation of several groups of blocks they are interconnected.

The gas hydrate formers used in the invention are non-stereometric (variable composition) clathrate compounds of gases with water. Their composition is described by the formulas M.6H ₂ O or M.17H ₂ O, where M are hydrate forming molecules that do not react with water. The resulting compound, resembling ice, can exist at positive temperatures. Molecules of hydration can serve as molecules of O ₂ , N ₂ , CH ₄ , C ₃ H ₈ , H ₂ S, CO ₂ and several others. For some, the formation of hydrates requires high pressure at a temperature of 0 15 ^o C, therefore, harden the block at a depth, for example, for CO _{2 of the} order of 500 to 2000 m

An advantage of the invention is the fundamental possibility of creating rigid underwater structures, the specific gravity of which is close to the specific gravity of water, i.e. the load on the bottom practically does not increase, and the material for the formation of the structure can be fed through pipes from natural deposits or from the atmosphere (O ₂ , H _2. ), and well-known studies show that the distribution region of hydroforming gases is very large.

Claims (2)

1. The hardened building block for the construction of underwater structures, consisting of blocks in the form of a shell with a filler and made with the possibility of connecting the blocks together, characterized in that the shell has a hole for filling it with water, followed by the introduction of a hydrate former (M) of clathrate compounds of the type M.6 H ₂ O or H ₂ O M.17 to harden the shell and optionally a valve or stopper for closing the opening. 2. A method of constructing underwater structures from reinforced building blocks, each of which consists of a shell of blocks with aggregate, comprising placing the blocks in water, connecting the blocks together into groups and uniting the groups of blocks into a finished structure, characterized in that the shell is made with a hole through which water is introduced into it, while the block is filled with water after it is placed in water, after which the block is immersed to a depth corresponding to hydrate formation conditions, and after connecting For example, in groups, a hose is attached to the hole of each and a hydrate former (M) is pumped through it to obtain clathrate compounds of type M. 6 H ₂ O or M.17 H ₂ O, after which the hole is closed with a valve or plug if necessary.