RU207432U1 - Test chamber for assessing the odor of a gas-air mixture of odorants - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model refers to technical solutions in the field of radiation, chemical, biological (RCB) protection and is a technical device intended for setting olfactometric experiments during research and teaching students and cadets the basics of sensory assessment of intensity, hedonic tone and quality of odor. the technical solution is to use a small camera to assess the odor. This will make it possible to economically use odorants, ensure ease of processing the chamber after each experiment and, which is not unimportant, will make it possible to place the chamber in a fume hood (under the draft). In this case, the members of the commission will be outside and assess the smell at the outlet of the test chamber, inhaling air through tubes with funnels (masks) at the ends. The test chamber for assessing the smell of an air-gas mixture of odorants consists of a number of interconnected main technical devices included in its composition, such as a test chamber, compressor-type inhaler - nebulizer, compressor, ventilator, multi-port manifold, agitation and distribution systems. Allows to conduct scientific and educational experiments to assess the smell of a gas-air mixture of odorants and low-odor, as well as to simulate the smell of toxic chemicals for training students and cadets. To assess the smell of a mixture of odorants, it is proposed to disperse the solution into a test chamber using a compressor-type inhaler - nebulizer For this, the nebulizer with the solution is fixed on a tripod directly in the chamber. The air (connecting) tube from the nebulizer passes through a ferrule and connects the nebulizer to a compressor located outside the chamber. A fan is used to obtain adequate mixing of the mixture. The multi-port manifold distributes the aerosol into several streams of equal pressure. Thus, the proposed test chamber for assessing the smell of the gas-air mixture of odorants can be used for the following purposes, namely, the use in the universities of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation for setting olfactometric experiments during research and development. teaching listeners and cadets the basics of organoleptic assessment of intensity, hedonic tone and quality of smell; modeling the smell of toxic chemicals for training students and cadets in disciplines that study the properties of physiologically active substances; carrying out olfactometric studies of various materials used in industry. Test Chamber Advantages: Can be carried by one person; ease of use, which consists in the ability to use the installation with basic knowledge of working in a laboratory; low cost (profitability).

Description

The utility model refers to technical solutions in the field of radiation, chemical, biological (RCB) protection and is a technical device designed to assess the odor of a mixture of odorants.

A review of existing legislation in the field of rationing and odor control and analysis of international and Russian standards governing odor measurement methods showed that in world practice there are no unified approaches to odor assessment [1-5]. However, common to many European countries is the odor measurement method approved in 2003 by the European standard EN13725 "Air quality - determination of odor concentration by dynamic olfactometry" [6]. At present, this is the most accurate and, at the same time, laborious method of dynamic dilution, for the practical implementation of which special expensive equipment is required. The concentration of odor in a gas sample is measured by determining, with an olfactometer, the dilution factor required to achieve the odor threshold concentration (CWC).

It is also possible to assess the odor of a gas-air mixture based on odorants by measuring the strength (intensity) of the odor and evaluating the hedonic shade of mixtures with different content of components. To measure these quantities, it is necessary to develop a less laborious, simpler and more economical technique.

This technique can be based on the method of organoleptic assessment of odor intensity, which is quite sensitive and reliable, and provides an opportunity to give an objective assessment of odorant mixtures without using instrumental methods (GOST 22387.5-2014) [2]. The essence of this method lies in the fact that a specially selected group of testers (commission) determines the force of the effect of the gas-air mixture created in the chamber-room (chamber method).

The proposed technical solution is to use a small camera for odor assessment. This will make it possible to economically use odorants, ensure ease of processing the chamber after each experiment, and, which is not unimportant, will make it possible to place the chamber in a fume hood (under the draft). In this case, the members of the commission will be outside and assess the smell at the exit of the test chamber, inhaling air through tubes with funnels (masks) at the ends.

The odor assessment chamber is constructed on the basis of a plastic container (volume 127 liters). Polymer containers of various sizes for water and other low-corrosive liquids and corrosive environments, presented in a wide range in retail and online stores. As a rule, such containers are made by rotational molding of polyethylene, which means they have no seams, which makes them durable and airtight. The container should have an opening (with a diameter of at least 30 cm) and a removable lid for placement inside the chamber of auxiliary equipment (fan, dispersing device, tripod) and the convenience of processing it after the experiment. The tightness of the cover is ensured by a gasket and a clamping clamp made of galvanized steel. The chamber complies with GOST R ISO 16000-28-2015 in terms of the requirements for test chambers [3].

The purpose of creating a useful model is the possibility of staging olfactometric experiments during scientific research and teaching students and cadets the basics of organoleptic assessment of intensity, hedonic tone and quality of smell.

The technical result that can be obtained using the utility model is the possibility of conducting scientific and educational experiments to assess the smell of a gas-air mixture of odorants and low-odor, as well as to simulate the smell of toxic chemicals for training students and cadets.

The principle of operation of the device (utility model) is as follows.

To assess the odor of a mixture of odorants, it is proposed to disperse the solution into a test chamber using a compressor-type inhaler - a nebulizer. For this, the nebulizer with the solution is fixed on a tripod directly in the chamber. The air (connecting) tube from the nebulizer passes through a ferrule and connects the nebulizer to a compressor located outside the chamber.

The air in the chamber will be stirred by a fan. The device is fixed on a tripod directly in the camera, the power cord (wire) with a plug is led out through a separate crimp sleeve. Suitable cable glands can be used as a ferrule.

The outlet of the test chamber shall be equipped in such a way as to allow the connection of a device for direct odor assessment. As such a device, we propose to use a multiport manifold, which will contribute to the distribution of one aerosol stream to several of the same pressure. The collector must have at least eight (for statistical processing of the results) outlets for the simultaneous carrying out of an organoleptic assessment by all members of the commission. The manifold can be made from standard plumbing threaded fittings.

Thus, the structure, assembled and intended for the assessment of odor, consists of a test chamber in which an aerosol of odorants is created using a nebulizer. The test chamber is equipped with an air mixing system. The distribution of one stream of aerosol to several of the same pressure is provided by a multiport manifold (Fig. 1). No descriptions of such a design for assessing odor have been found in the available literature.

Description of the device. The device consists of a number of interconnected main technical devices, such as a test chamber, a compressor-type inhaler - a nebulizer, a compressor, a ventilator, a multi-port manifold, mixing and distribution systems.

The device includes: 1 - capacity (test chamber); 2 - a cover with a crimping clamp; 3 - multiport manifold; 4 - tubes with funnels (masks); 5 - nebulizer; 6 - tripod; 7 - fan; 8 - compressor; 9 - flexible liner; 10 - cable glands (Fig. 2).

The assembled device is compact, weighs 7 kg, can be carried by one person, easy to use and economical. The calculation of the cost of technical devices included in its composition is presented in table 1.

Analysis of the calculated data presented in Table 1 showed that the total cost of the test chamber will be 5584 rubles. The price of the container, as the main structural element, 1396 rubles, is quite acceptable. An alternative container can be a chamber made of plexiglass. According to preliminary calculations, the cost of its construction will be 4-5 times higher than the price of a plastic container. The other elements (interface) required to design a test chamber are equally applicable to both a polymer container and a self-made Plexiglas container. The total cost of a structure based on a plastic container will cost 2 times less than using a plexiglass camera.

Thus, the proposed test chamber for assessing the smell of a gas-air mixture of odorants can be used for the following purposes:

- use in the universities of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation for setting up olfactometric experiments during research and teaching students and cadets the basics of organoleptic assessment of intensity, hedonic tone and quality of odor;

- modeling the smell of toxic chemicals for training students and cadets in disciplines that study the properties of physiologically active substances;

- carrying out olfactometric studies of various materials used in industry. Test Chamber Advantages:

- can be carried by one person;

- ease of use, which consists in the ability to use the installation, having basic knowledge of working in a laboratory;

- low cost (profitability).

Literature

1. GOST R 58578-2019 National standard of the Russian Federation. Rules for the establishment of standards and control of odor emissions into the atmosphere. Enter. in action 08.10.2019 - M .: Standartinform, 2019 .-- 20 p.

2. GOST 22387.5-2014 Interstate Standard. Gas for domestic consumption. Methods for determining the intensity of odor. Enter. effective 2016-07-01. - M .: Standartinform, 2015 .-- 16 p.

3. GOST R ISO 16000-28-2015 National standard of the Russian Federation. Air in enclosed spaces. Part 28 Determination of odor emission by building materials using test chambers. Enter. effective 2015-12-10. - M .: Standartinform, 2016 .-- 40 p.

4. GOST ISO 16000-30-2017 Interstate standard. Air in enclosed spaces. Ch. 30 Organoleptic analysis of indoor air. Enter. effective 2019-01-01. - M .: Standartinform, 2018 .-- 35 p.

5. GOST R ISO 5496-2005 Organoleptic analysis. Methodology. Training of testers to detect and recognize odors. Enter. effective 2007-01-01. - M .: Standartinform, 2007 .-- 15 p.

6. EN 13725 Air quality - Determination of odor concentration by dynamic olfactometry [Text]: European standard. Approved. European Committee for Standardization (CEN) 06.12.2002. Per .: A.V. Semyanina, V.A. Militsyn. - European Committee for Standardization, 2006.-70 p.

Claims (1)

A test chamber for assessing the smell of a gas-air mixture of odorants, representing a number of interconnected technical devices, such as a test chamber in which a compressor-type inhaler is mounted on a tripod - a nebulizer connected to a compressor located outside the chamber, a fan, a multi-port manifold with at least eight outlets, which are tubes with funnels, devices for mixing and distribution systems.

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