RU207420U1 - Self-resetting rocker switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering. The self-resetting rocker switch contains an electrical contact group mounted on the base, a button located above the electrical contact group, and a frame enclosing the button along its perimeter and connected to the base. The frame and the key are made in the form of a single one made of an elastically deformable material, which is a tray turned upside down in shape, the walls of which are a frame and are removably fixed on the base, and a part of the bottom wall located above the contacts of the specified group is separated by a cut from the bottom wall to form cantilever fixed in the bottom of the petal, which is a key. 8 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering and concerns, in particular, the design of self-resetting key switches.

Analysis of the functionality of the self-resetting key mechanism of the switch shows that this mechanism is based on the use of one or more keys, which, after applying an external force to each of them (to close or open the contact group), return to their original position. Such devices are referred to as self-resetting rocker switches / switches. In this case, the circuit is closed / opened regardless of the position of the key, that is, to switch the state of the power circuit, it is necessary to set a control pulse in this circuit, which is done by supplying the contact group of the key circuit. After removing the external force, the key returns to its original position, leaving the chain in the state in which it was brought by changing the key position. This also includes self-resetting rocker switches / switches, when the button is pressed, the circuit is triggered, and when the button is returned to its original position, the circuit is de-energized (the so-called doorbell pushbutton switch mode). In this type of switch, the keys are initially located parallel to the wall or at an angle to it (decorative strip). When you press the bottom of the key, it closes the contact and returns to its place. Such a switch is outwardly indistinguishable from a push-button (bell button).

Structurally, such self-resetting switches / switches consist of a contact mechanism based on a flat frame base (support) and on the circuit design of which the functionality of the key depends. The frame base (support) can be built into a flush mount in a wall niche or be applied directly to the wall and fixed on it (there are holes in the frame base for attaching it to a flush mount or on the wall - wall mounting). On the contact mechanism, there are elements for installing the key with the possibility of swinging it towards and away from the contacts, or from the contacts on one side in the direction through the neutral position to the contacts on the other side. On top of the contact mechanism, a decorative frame is put on, covering the key from all sides and covering the contact mechanism. The frame does not participate in the functionality of the contact group and the button, but it is the protection elements of the electrical part of the switch from the external environment, moisture and for the safety of using with a bare hand. The return of the key from the pressed to its original position is carried out by a spring / us, a spring plate or other spring mechanism.

At the same time, regardless of the German, Italian or British standards for the execution of switches and the types of their installation, all switches are built according to the general scheme. The key and decorative frame are necessarily made of hard, poorly conductive electricity and non-combustible material. At the same time, in addition to these qualities of the material, it is believed that this material must be strong enough to withstand serious power loads such as impact. Despite the structural primitivism of the switches, the frame and the key are made with high dimensional accuracy and in the assembly have minimized gaps along the mating surfaces. The size of these gaps is minimized, so that grease and dust and water droplets do not penetrate through these gaps into the switch to the contact group. All mounts are hidden inside, which eliminates the possibility of accidental removal of the key or frame.

Thus, a self-resetting key switch is known that contains an electrical contact group mounted on a flat base, a button placed above the electrical contact group, and a frame enclosing the key along its perimeter and connected to the base, while pressing the extreme part of the key, the latter rotates towards the electrical contact group , at which the state of this group is switched, and when the pressure is removed from the key, it returns to its original position relative to the frame (see "Werkel WL01-01-02 white switch" on the "goods" website, posted in the "Switches" section on the Internet in the offer for sale mode at: https://goods.ru/catalog/details/vyklyuchatel-werkel-wl01-01-02-belyy-600000605749/, discovered in September 2020).

This decision was made as a prototype (a copy of the site page is attached).

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of its design, due to the need to use the frame as a separate part that hides and protects the electrical contact group from accidental access to it.

The present utility model is aimed at achieving a technical result consisting in simplifying the design of a self-resetting key switch by making a frame and keys in the form of one part, parts of which are intended to perform unrelated functions.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a self-resetting key switch containing an electrical contact group mounted on the base, a key placed above the electrical contact group and, as well as a frame enclosing the key along its perimeter and connected to the base, the frame and the key are made in the form of a single made of of an elastically deformable material, which is a tray turned upside down in shape, the walls of which are a frame and are removably fixed on the base, and the part of the bottom wall located above the contacts of the specified group is separated by a cut from the bottom wall to form a cantilever-fixed petal in the bottom, which is a key.

In this case, when the electrical contact group is made in the form of adjacent pairs of contacts, above one of which there is a petal, which is opposite each other, and above one pair of which there is a petal, which is a key, in the bottom there is an additional petal, which is a key, which is located above the adjacent opposite pair of contacts.

The cuts in the bottom can be made in the form of linear cuts to obtain a straight-line key in plan or the cuts in the bottom to obtain a button can be made in the form of cuts ending at the boundary of the transition of the bottom into the walls. In addition, the cuts in the bottom to obtain the key can be made in the form of a single slot, which is a non-intersecting open curve, the extreme point of which is located at a distance from the boundary of the transition of the bottom to the walls.

These features are essential and are interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the required technical result.

This utility model is illustrated with figures that show the possibility of not only constructive implementation of the device, but also to ensure the achievement of a technical result.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the circuit breaker, the front side of the circuit breaker, a first embodiment example;

fig. 2 - the same as in FIG. 1, side view;

fig. 3 - switch with the initial position of the keys;

fig. 4 is the same as in FIG. 3, one key is pressed towards the electrical contact group;

fig. 5 - front side of the switch, the second example of execution;

fig. 6 - front side of the switch, the third example of execution;

fig. 7 - front side of the circuit breaker, the fourth example of execution;

fig. 8 - front side of the switch with one button.

According to the present utility model, a new design of a self-resetting rocker switch is considered on the example of a household switch used to turn on / off light or switch power lines for household appliances. This example is shown solely for understanding the technical essence of the claimed solution.

In the general case, a self-resetting rocker switch contains an electrical contact group (not shown) mounted on a flat or figured base 1, made with the function of changing the position of the contacts (from the "open" position to the "contact" position) from a short-term external force. As an example, the contact group can be made in the form of pushbutton microswitches, when pressed, either the electrical circuits are connected or opened. Other examples of the execution of such groups are also possible. For example, it is fashionable to use a contact mechanism with a rocker arm 2 as an electrical contact group. A rocker arm 2 is installed on the mechanism; when pressed, the key moves and presses on the rocker arm, which begins to move synchronously with the key until the contact mechanism is triggered, which closes or opens the contacts and locks the rocker arm in a new position.

The key is located above the electrical contact group. And its angular movement relative to the swing point leads to the closure of the contacts of the electrical contact group or their disconnection (opening).

In the known solutions of switches, the frame is a separate part inserted into the gap between the wall and the key to block access to the mounting box, in which the base with the electrical contact group is installed.

According to the present utility model, the frame and the keys are made in the form of a single one made of an elastically deformable polymer material or metal.

This part 3 is a tray turned upside down in shape, the side walls 4 of which are a frame and are removably fixed on the base, and the part of the bottom wall located above the contacts of the electrical contact group is separated by a cut 5 from the bottom wall to form a cantilever petal 6 fixed in the bottom, which is the key.

For example, this part can be made of a rubber material. The use of this type of polymeric material can provide this part with properties of different stiffness. For example, in the region of the walls, the rigidity can be higher than the rigidity of the bottom wall of the part. The increased rigidity of the peripheral part (side walls) of the tray allows this part to be used for its attachment to the base with an electrical contact group, for example, due to the fact that the side walls, having an internal concavity, are put on the protrusions of the base having convexities corresponding to the concavities. Or, holes are made in the side walls, into which, when the part is seated on the base, the pin protrusions of the base enter. Due to the variety of fastening methods, these solutions are not considered in detail.

It is essential that the key itself is an element cantilevered on the bottom of the tray. It is clear that any cantilevered element has elasticity, that is, it has the ability to deflect the end part under the action of an external force and return to its original position when this force is removed. For switches, this force should be commensurate with the small load of the finger or hand, with which the consumer switches the device key. Therefore, for such a part, it is possible to use both rubber polymers, both with a large cycle of deformation repetitions, and rigid polymers such as polystyrene, the elastic deformation of which is a consequence of the possibility of stretching the bonds between the macromolecules of the structure.

For example, silicone rubber retains its elastic properties in the temperature range from -60 to + 250 ° C. Elastomers acquire such elastic properties due to the specific spatial network structure of macromolecules with a sparse crosslinking network and wide cells. Thus, the mesh is capable of expanding cells without breaking molecular bonds. Elastomers include various saturated and unsaturated rubbers, rubbers, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethane elastomers, and some other compounds.

The performance of such a key (in the form of a cantilever element) for a rubber part is determined by the choice of a polymer material, the structure of which has the ability to move the cells apart without breaking molecular bonds. Since the number of such polymers is quite wide, depending on the polymer, the key can be quite hard (polystyrene) or soft (rubber compounds). The choice of the material also determines the choice of the scheme for attaching the key to the base of the electrical contact group. When using materials such as silicone rubber, it is possible to introduce a reinforcing element into the side walls of the tray, which would provide the spatial shape of the key at the point of its attachment to the base.

Also, the frame and key / shi can be made of metal. Thin sheet metal allows you to form a cantilever petal, which will elastically bend away from the surface of the bottom of the tray. When using a metal, for example, aluminum or aluminum alloys (another metal is possible), the elasticity of the petal, which is a key, is provided by the selection of the length of the petal and its thickness.

Combining the frame and buttons in one piece has an advantage over classic switches, since for the production of, for example, a three-button switch, not three pieces are needed on the front of the switch (three buttons), but one.

The key is initially in its original position (Fig. 3). At the moment of pressing, the key moves under the influence of the applied force, while the base of the key is elastically deformed, and a stress is created in it, tending to return it to its original position (Fig. 4). After the termination of the impact on the key, it returns to its original position due to elastic deformation. For example, in the initial state the keys can be located in the same plane, due to this, a laconic design of the front panel is achieved, but also in the initial position the keys can have arbitrary shapes (hemisphere, wave, ellipse), the keys can also have an arbitrary contour.

The keys deform when pressed and set in motion the shifting mechanism located underneath. This mechanism can be either mechanical or electronic. Next, we will focus on the mechanical mechanism. In the example, the mechanism under the keys is of the classic type. A rocker is installed on the mechanism, when pressed, the key moves and presses on the rocker, which begins to move synchronously with the key until the mechanism is triggered, which closes or opens the contacts and fixes the rocker in a new position. Also, under the key, not only the classic swinging mechanism can be located, but, for example, the push-button mechanism of the doorbell or the buttons for driving the shutters down / up.

In the illustrated FIGS. 1, 2 and 5-7 show examples of the execution of keys, that is, the petals of the bottom of the tray, performing the function of keys. The key is formed by cutting it off from the bottom of the tray at least along its three sides so that the cutoff part is cantilevered with the bottom part. So, the cuts in the bottom of the tray can be made in the form of linear slots to obtain a straight-line key in the plan (Fig. 1, 5-7). In this case, the dissection of such a plan can be performed in the very bottom without the exit of the dissection lines to the side walls (Figs. 5, 6). Or, the cuts in the bottom to obtain a key can be made in the form of slots ending at the boundary of the transition of the bottom into the walls (Figs. 1 and 7). In this case, the petal ends with a part of the side wall, as shown in the example in FIG. 3 and 4. The cuts in the bottom to obtain the key can be made in the form of a single slot, which is a non-intersecting open curve, the extreme point of which is located at a distance from the boundary of the transition of the bottom into the walls. The latter refers to examples of the execution of a curly-shaped key, for example, in the shape of a heart or a spades card symbol. The shape of the petal, which is the key, does not affect the functioning of the declared solution.

The number of keys on one part is determined by the type of electrical contact group. The simplest example is a part with one key (for example, for a contact assembly of one microswitch, Fig. 8). When performing an electrical contact group in the form of pairs of contacts located opposite each other, and above one pair of which a petal is located, which is a key, an additional petal is made in the bottom, which is a key, which is located above the adjacent opposite pair of contacts. Such an example is shown in FIG. 1, 4 and 5. These figures show the front of a four-button switch. FIG. 7 shows an example of a panel with three blocks of keys: in the first block, two keys are used, in the second, four keys, and in the third, six keys.

The above examples show the keys located in the same plane and with a rectangular outline, but this is not the only possible option. The flat front surface of the part, which is both a frame and a key, is a modern laconic solution. However, variants of execution are possible in which the thickness of the petal, which is a key, is chosen more than the thickness of the bottom wall, or vice versa. Or the key is executed in a volumetric convex shape or located above the surface of the bottom part of the part.

Claims (6)

1. Self-return key switch containing an electrical contact group mounted on the base, a key placed above the electrical contact group, as well as a frame enclosing the key along its perimeter and connected to the base, characterized in that the frame and the key are made in the form of a single one made of an elastically deformable material, which is a tray turned upside down in shape, the walls of which are a frame and are removably fixed to the base, and the part of the bottom wall located above the contacts of the specified group is separated by a cut from the bottom wall to form a cantilever-fixed petal in the bottom, which is a key. 2. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that when the electrical contact group is made in the form of adjacent pairs of contacts, above one of which there is a petal, which is a key, an additional petal is made in the bottom, which is a key, which is located above an adjacent pair of contacts. 3. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that when the electrical contact group is made in the form of pairs of contacts located opposite each other, and above one pair of which there is a petal, which is a key, an additional petal is made in the bottom, which is a key, which is located above an adjacent opposite pair of contacts. 4. The switch according to claim. 1, characterized in that the cuts in the bottom are made in the form of linear slots to obtain a straight-line key in plan. 5. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the cuts in the bottom to obtain the key are made in the form of slots ending at the boundary of the transition of the bottom into the walls. 6. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the cuts in the bottom to obtain the key are made in the form of one slot, which is a non-intersecting open curve, the extreme point of which is located at a distance from the boundary of the transition of the bottom into the walls.

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