RU2070363C1 - Duckfoot tine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: duckfoot tine of a cultivator has a nose, two symmetric wings, two parts contiguous with the nose, hard-faced blades, and a shank located behind the nose. The working surfaces of the wings and parts contiguous with the nose are curvilinear, and they are formed by parts of cylindrical and conical surfaces whose guiding lines are parabolas of the second order. The cutting edges of the nose are advanced relative to the cutting edges of the wings, and this advance distance Δ is equal to lo-b, where lo is length of the cross-section line of the wing working surface and b is length of a straight line joining the outside points of the working surface of the wing cross-section. EFFECT: higher tillage quality; higher weeding quality; lower consumption of energy; lower specific consumption of metal. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the working bodies of cultivators.

Known working body of the cultivator, including the nose, wings with a fused reinforcing layer of blades and supporting parts [1]
A lancet paw of a cultivator is known, comprising a nose, two symmetrical wings, two sections adjacent to the nose, fused with a reinforcing layer of the blade, a shank located behind the nose, and in the nose the width of the rear edges of the cutting edges is less and the angle of sharpening is greater than Similar values on the wings and on the areas adjacent to the bow [2]
The disadvantage of such working bodies is the rectilinear profile of the wing, which contributes to the formation of erosion-hazardous particles, especially at elevated tillage rates.

 The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of soil cultivation and cutting weeds, reducing energy consumption during cultivation and metal consumption of lancet paws.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the lancet paws of the cultivator containing the nose, two symmetrical wings, two sections adjacent to the nose, fused with a reinforcing layer of the blade, a shank located behind the nose, the working surfaces of the wings and sections adjacent to the nose, made curved and formed by sections of cylindrical and conical surfaces, the guides of which are the curves of second-order parabolas, and the lines of the cutting edges of the bow are extended forward relative to the th cutting edges of the blades on the wings of the value Δ, equal to l ₀ -b; where l _{0 the} length of the cross-sectional line of the curved working surface of the wing; b the length of the straight line connecting the extreme points of the working surface of the wing cross section.

 In FIG. 1 shows a lancet paw of a cultivator with a shank, top view; figure 2 section aa; figure 3 section BB; figure 4 section CC; figure 5 section DD.

The lancet paw of the cultivator (Fig. 1) has a nose 1, two mirror-symmetric wings 2.3 with a 2 angle of solution, two sections 4.5 adjacent to the nose, a shank 6 (a lancet paw can be without a shank). The working surface of the wing contains a concave (trimming) section AMND formed by a section of a cylindrical surface, and a convex (crumbling) section BCNM formed by a section of the surface of a truncated cone. A cylindrical surface is obtained by moving a generatrix of a straight line along a curved guide. In this case, the line forming the cylindrical surface all the time remains parallel to itself and the cutting edge of the blood pressure (Fig. 1). As the guide used a portion of the line l ₁ (Fig.2,3), formed by a quadratic parabola, the axis of which is the vertical axis in a rectilinear coordinate system. The parameters of the guide curve are determined in the section AB (figure 2), which is the boundary between the wing and the section adjacent to the bow. The minimum parameter length l _{1 is} limited by the allowable linear wear of the wing blade along the length. The line forming the surface of the truncated cone, always moves along the guide, rotating at point 0 (Fig. 1), formed as the intersection of the line MN, passing through the inflection points of the concave and convex surfaces on the wing, and the line BC of the upper face of the wing support. The curve MV is taken as a guide (Fig. 2), formed by a quadratic parabola, the axis of which is the horizontal axis in a rectangular coordinate system. The parameters of the guide curve MV are determined in section AB (figure 1).

The working surface of the nose 1 of the lancet paw, determined by the width of the shank 6 (or the distance between the side mounting holes, if there is no shank), is straightforward (figure 5). The nose cutting edge line is extended forward relative to the wing cutting edge line by the value D = l ₀ -b, where l _{0 is the} length of the curved working surface of the wing AB in section AA (Fig. 2), and b is the length of the straight line connecting the extreme points of the wing surfaces of the same section. The lines of the cutting edges of the bow and the lines of the cutting edges of the wings are parallel.

Sections 4,5 (figure 1) adjacent to the bow are made with curved working surfaces (figure 4). In this case, the curvature of the working surface, determined by sections with a common center at point O ₁ (the intersection of the lines AB and KF in figure 1), decreases from the section AB as it approaches the bow and the cross section KF becomes straight. The angle of crushing b _n in these sections also decreases from β to a, where b is the angle of crumbling of the wing, and a is the angle of inclination of the inflection line of the bow to the reference plane. The inflection points between the concave and convex surfaces of sections 4.5 adjacent to the bow are connected by curved lines MF and PT (Fig. 1), which are described by the equation of a circle. The horizontal projections of the cutting edges (AK and A ₁ K ₁ ) in sections 4,5 are parabola branches.

Coverage B, the angle of the solution 2γ and the material of the lancet paw (Fig. 1), the angle of crushing of the wings b and the nose a, the width b and b of ₁ wings (Fig. 2,3), as well as the surfacing and sharpening of the blades correspond to the state standard [1] At the same time, the width of the reinforcing metal on the blades of the sections adjacent to the bow increases as it approaches the bow, where it reaches a maximum value.

 Performing the profile of the wings and the profile of the sections adjacent to the bow is curved, and the lines of the cutting edges of the bow protruding forward relative to the lines of the cutting edges of the wings, sharply increases the strength characteristics of the wings and the bow in dangerous sections, while increasing the moment of bending resistance. This allows you to reduce the thickness S (figure 2) of the rolling sheet of lancet paws by 1.5-2.0 times against the thickness of the same lancet paws with a straight wing profile and the location of the lines of the cutting edges of the bow and wings on one straight line.

 The arrow foot of the cultivator operates as follows.

 In the process of movement, the lancet paw, penetrating the soil, cuts the soil layer and weeds with blades having a minimum point angle i on the wings (Fig. 2,3), and also loosens the soil with curved working surfaces of the wings and sections adjacent to the bow. The minimum point angle i of the blades on the wings improves the conditions for cutting weeds; the movement of the soil seam first along the surface area with a concave profile, and then along the surface area with a convex profile reduces the deformation rate of the treated formation, as a result of which formation of erosion-hazardous particles decreases, the connectivity of the formation remains longer, therefore, when the proposed lancet arm of the cultivator the furrow is smaller, the evenness of the treated surface increases.

 In the process of wear in the soil, stabilized blades (working surfaces) acquire a profile that is described by the second-order parabola equation, that is, those working bodies in which the curved working surfaces are described by the second-order parabola equation have the minimum resistance when moving in the soil. Therefore, the proposed lancet paws energy consumption for movement in the soil will be minimal.

 The lancet paws of the cultivator undergo the greatest wear on the nose. The extension of the line of the cutting edges of the bow forward relative to the lines of the cutting edges of the wings increases the resource lancet paws. The main requirement for the blades of soil-cutting working bodies is their self-sharpening during operation. The conditions for the self-sharpening of the blades of the proposed lancet paws are improved, since the blades have a minimum sharpening angle i due to the concavity of the undercutting part of the working surface of the wings and sections adjacent to the bow. Thus, the operational reliability of the lancet paws of the cultivator is significantly increased.

 The use of the invention improves the quality of soil cultivation and cutting weeds, minimizes energy consumption during cultivation and the metal consumption of the lancet paw due to its manufacture from a sheet profile of smaller thickness. The lancet paw of the cultivator is highly manufacturable, since the working surface is formed by sections of cylindrical and conical surfaces, which allows the use of bending.

Information sources
1. GOST 1343-82,
2. Auth. testimonial. USSR N 1613012, class A 01 B 35/20, 1990.

Claims (1)

The cultivated arrow foot of the cultivator containing the nose, two symmetrical wings, two sections adjacent to the nose directed by the reinforcing layer of the blade, a shank located behind the nose, characterized in that the working surfaces of the wings and sections adjacent to the nose are curved and formed by sections of cylindrical and conical surfaces, the guides of which are second-order parabola curves, and the lines of the cutting edges of the bow are extended forward relative to the lines of the cutting edges of zvy wings on the amount Δ, equal to l ₀ b, where line length l ₀ of the cross-section of the curved working surface of the wing; b the length of the straight line connecting the extreme points of the working surface of the wing cross section.

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