RU2069578C1 - Shutoff-and-starting head for portable fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment, particular, shutoff-and-starting head of portable fire extinguisher installed of general-purpose fire extinguisher; applicable in fire extinguishers for equipment of fire-fighting units. SUBSTANCE: shutoff-and-starting head has body with gas channel, outlet channel with union for ejection of fire-extinguishing substance and channel for connection of siphon tube for withdrawal of fire-extinguishing substance from fire extinguisher reservoir, device for fastening it on the fire extinguisher reservoir, starting device with starting handle and shut-off device with lever of drive engageable with spring-loaded rod and valve located in outlet channel. As distinguished from the known one, the offered shutoff-and-starting head has channel for connection of siphon tube is narrowing at the end with transition to channel of rectangular shape, and, valve located in outlet channel overlaps with its side surface the rectangular hole and with its end face it is engageable with seat of outlet channel. Valve has a collar which is engageable with walls of outlet channel, and valve itself is made in form of truncated cone and provided with spherical end face surface. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, namely, the locking and starting heads of portable fire extinguishers installed on general-purpose fire extinguishers, in which the extinguishing agent is released under excessive pressure and can be used in fire extinguishers designed to equip fire departments, protect industrial and agricultural facilities, as well as in automobile, railway and river transport as primary means of extinguishing fires of classes A (solid substances), B (liquid stances), C (gaseous substances) and electrical under voltage up to 1000 V as well as to extinguish fires in a domestic environment.

 The invention is universal and can be used in other sectors of the national economy, and its direct use in fire extinguishers will increase the efficiency and profitability when extinguishing fires by ensuring regulation of the flow of fire extinguishing agents and increasing the reliability of operation.

 Currently, much attention is paid both in our country and abroad to the development of locking and starting heads for fire extinguishers, which provide high tightness and a complete discharge of fire extinguishing substance, as well as safety and operational reliability.

 Known shut-off head to the fire extinguisher OPU-5, manufactured by the Tula machine-building plant "Stamp" (adopted as an analogue).

 The head contains a housing, a device for mounting it on the tank of a fire extinguisher, a locking and starting device. Its body is made with an output channel for discharging a fire extinguisher and a channel for connecting a siphon tube for discharging a fire extinguisher from a fire extinguisher tank, as well as a channel in which a starter with a trigger handle is inserted into the strip for securing the source of overpressure, which is through a gas channel connected to the internal cavity of the tank of the fire extinguisher.

 The locking device is equipped with a drive lever and is a drive lever and a spring-loaded stem with a valve interacting with each other and mounted on a flexible hose with a spray gun. Moreover, the hose with a locking device is fixed by means of a fitting in the outlet channel for the release of extinguishing agent. The channels for the release of extinguishing agent and the connection of the siphon tube are made perpendicular to each other and are deaf.

 However, the design of such a head does not provide high tightness of the fire extinguisher and a complete discharge of the fire extinguisher, as well as safety and reliability of operation, since the fire extinguisher is put into operation by piercing the membrane of the overpressure source with a spring-loaded needle, which often leads to failures due to poor the quality of the spring and the loss of its characteristics for a long time being in a compressed state. In addition, it is necessary to strictly maintain the geometric dimensions of the needle and its location relative to the pressure source, which is very difficult due to the fact that the locking-starting head and pressure source are manufactured at different enterprises.

 Placing a shut-off device for ejection of a fire extinguishing agent and its interruption during extinguishing fires on a flexible hose leads to inconvenience when extinguishing fires, and its constructive implementation does not provide sufficient tightness of the system.

 Thus, the objective of this technical solution was to provide fire extinguishers of mass demand with heads without making demands on them for tightness, operational reliability and fire extinguishing ability.

 Common features with the technical solution proposed by the authors are a housing with a gas channel, made mutually perpendicular to the output channel for discharging the extinguishing agent and the channel for connecting the siphon tube, a starting device with a starting handle and a locking device with a drive lever that interacts with a spring-loaded stem with a valve.

 Therefore, the most optimal design of the locking and starting head, satisfying the increased requirements for operational reliability, tightness and fire extinguishing ability, would be a locking and starting head, in which both the starting and locking devices would be located directly in the head itself.

 Such a locking-starting head is the head to the fire extinguisher OPSh-10, adopted by the authors as a prototype. (Head OPSh-10030SB to a powder mine fire extinguisher OPSh-10, developed by VNIIGD).

 The shut-off and start-up head for the OPSh-10 fire extinguisher contains a housing, a device for its fastening on the fire extinguisher reservoir, a shut-off and starting device. Its body is made with an output channel with a nozzle for discharging a fire extinguisher and a connection channel for a siphon tube for discharging a fire extinguisher from a tank of a fire extinguisher and contains a channel in which a starting device with a trigger handle is placed, which passes into the cavity to fix the source of overpressure, which is through a gas channel connected to the internal cavity of the tank of the fire extinguisher. The locking device is located on the head and is equipped with a drive lever, which interacts with the spring-loaded stem with the valve.

 A spring-loaded stem with a valve is located in the outlet channel for the release of extinguishing agent, and the valve itself is located above the channel for connecting the siphon tube and partially blocks it.

 The output channel for the release of extinguishing agent is made through, and for connecting a siphon tube deaf. Both channels have a cylindrical shape.

 The design of such a head allows both powder and liquid to be used as an extinguishing agent. It has advantages over the analogue (expanding functionality, increasing ease of use), but it has drawbacks associated with leakage due to the incomplete design of the locking device, as well as due to the ingress of extinguishing agent into the space behind the valve.

 Thus, the objective of this technical solution (prototype) was to provide requirements for tightness, operational reliability and fire extinguishing ability with a simultaneous solution of their functionality.

 Common signs with the locking-starting head proposed by the authors is the presence of a housing with a gas channel, an output channel with a nozzle for discharging the extinguishing agent and a connection channel for the siphon tube, a device for mounting it on the tank of the fire extinguisher, a starting device with a starting handle and a locking device with a drive lever, interacting with a spring-loaded stem with a valve located in the output channel.

 In contrast to the prototype, the siphon tube connection channel proposed by the authors to the fire extinguisher is tapered at the end with a transition to a channel with a rectangular cross-section, and the valve located in the output channel closes its rectangular surface with its lateral surface and contacts with its end part the seat of the outlet channel of the head, while the valve is equipped with a cuff interacting with its working surface with the walls of the output channel, and the valve itself is made in the form of a truncated th cone and provided with a spherical end surface.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of the design of the head for fire extinguishers, used as primary means of extinguishing fires, providing high tightness, operational reliability and fire extinguishing ability, with increased functionality (the use of any fire extinguishing agent).

 The use of such a head due to the presence of new distinctive features will ensure reliable interruption of the supply of extinguishing agent, greater reliability and ease of use, increase the extinguishing ability to extinguish fires in comparison with the known ones.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the locking and starting head for a fire extinguisher, comprising a housing with a gas channel, an output channel with a nozzle for ejecting a fire extinguisher and a channel for connecting a siphon tube, a device for mounting it on the tank of a fire extinguisher, a starting device with a starting handle and a locking device with a drive lever interacting with a spring-loaded stem with a valve located in the output channel, in contrast to the prototype according to the invention, the siphon tube connection channel is made tapering at the end with the passage to a channel with a rectangular cross-section, and the valve located in the output channel with its lateral surface overlaps the rectangular hole, and with their end part in contact with the seat of the nozzle of the output channel of the head, while the valve is equipped with a cuff interacting with its working surface with the walls the output channel, and the valve itself is made in the form of a truncated cone and is equipped with a spherical end part.

 It is this that allows us to conclude that there is a causal relationship between the totality of the essential features of the claimed technical solution and the achieved technical results. These signs, distinctive from the prototype and which are subject to legal protection, in all cases are sufficient.

 Comparative analysis shows that the inventive locking-starting head differs from the known one and meets the criterion of "novelty."

 To determine the compliance of the invention with the criterion of "inventive step" the analysis of the characteristics of analogues.

 Given that the proposed technical solution has a new set of features that for a specialist do not explicitly follow from the existing level of technology, it meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 1 shows a head in section; figure 2 top view; figure 3 section along aa in figure 2; FIG. 4 is a section along BB in FIG. 2; figure 5 the position of the valve in the outlet channel, node I in figure 1; Fig.6 view along arrow B in Fig.5.

 The locking and starting head for a portable fire extinguisher includes a housing 1, a device for mounting it on the tank of the fire extinguisher 2, a starting device 3 with a starting handle 4 and a locking device 5 with a drive lever 6.

 The housing 1 of the locking-starting head is provided for connecting the cavities of the pressure accumulator and the fire extinguisher tank with a gas channel 7, an output channel 8 for ejecting a fire extinguisher and a channel 9 for connecting a siphon tube. Channels 8 and 9 are placed in the head perpendicular to each other. In the channel 8 for the discharge of extinguishing agent, a fitting 10 is fixed for connecting a flexible hose with a spray.

 The locking device 5 is placed on the housing 1 of the locking-starting head and, through the actuator lever 6, interacts with the valve 11 through a rod 12 provided with a spring 13. The fitting 10 is provided with a seat 14, a spring-loaded rod 12 and a valve 11 are placed in the channel 8 for discharging the extinguishing agent, and the siphon tube connecting channel 9 is made tapering at the end with the subsequent transition to a rectangular channel 15. The valve 11 is placed in the channel 8 for ejecting the extinguishing agent so that its lateral surface completely covers the channel th form 15, and its end part is in contact with the saddle 14 of the fitting 10.

 To ensure higher tightness, the valve 11 is equipped with a cuff 16, which separates the channel 8 for the release of extinguishing agent so that when the actuator lever 6 is pressed, it connects the channel 9 for connecting the siphon tube through the channel 8 for ejecting the extinguishing agent with the outlet channel of the nozzle 10.

 The cuff 16 of the valve 11 interacts with its working surface with the walls of the channel 8 for discharging the extinguishing agent and prevents the extinguishing agent from entering the cavity 17 of the spring-loaded rod 12. The valve itself is made in the form of a truncated cone and is provided with an end surface 18 that is made spherical. The housing of the locking-starting head is equipped with a safety valve 19. The locking-starting head for a portable fire extinguisher is as follows.

 When the trigger handle 4 of the trigger 3 is pressed, the latter triggers and starts the pressure extinguisher pressure accumulator. Gas under pressure enters the cavity of the pressure accumulator and through the gas channel 7 into the tank of the fire extinguisher. If the extinguishing agent is liquid, then when excessive pressure is created in the tank, it enters the channel 9, the tapering part of it and into the rectangular channel 15 through the siphon tube.

 If the powder is a fire extinguishing agent, then the gas under pressure through the gas channel 7 and the tube passing through the powder enters the bottom of the fire extinguisher tank, aerates and fluidizes the powder and displaces through the siphon tube into channel 9, the tapering part and into a rectangular channel 15 .

 Since in this position the valve 11 located in the channel 8 with the spring-loaded stem 12 overlaps the channel 9 for connecting the siphon tube with its lateral surface and is pressed against the seat 14 of the fitting 10 with its end part, no extinguishing agent is released. The extinguishing agent does not enter the cavity 17 behind the valve 11, because the latter with its cuff 16 interacts with the walls of the channel 8 to release extinguishing agent.

 To actuate the fire extinguisher, press the actuator lever 6 of the locking device 5. Since the actuator lever 6 interacts with the spring-loaded rod 12 with the valve 11, overcoming the force of the spring 13, the rod 12 with the valve 11 moves to the left and opens the channel 9 and channel 8 and output channel of nozzle 10, i.e. connects them.

 An extinguishing agent under excessive pressure enters a flexible hose with a spray gun. The extinguishing agent flows into the zone of the fire source.

 The flow rate of the extinguishing agent can be adjusted by changing the amount of movement of the drive lever 6 of the locking device 5, or completely interrupt it when the drive lever 6 is released. In this case, under the action of the spring 13, the rod 12 with valve 11 moves to the right, and when the drive lever is released, it returns to its original position thus, due to the interaction of the end surface 18 of the valve 11 with the seat 14 of the nozzle 10, it blocks the channel 9 and cuts off the channel 8 and the outlet channel of the nozzle 10. When the pressure in the tank rises above the working crab Pipeline pressure relief valve 19. Due to this constructive scheme locking and starting head to its functionality extinguisher somewhat expanded (can run using as the fire extinguishing agent both liquids and other substances).

 The presence of these and other distinguishing features of the locking and starting head leads to the regulation of the flow of the extinguishing agent in the process of fire fighting, as well as the improvement of aeration and discharge of it.

 According to the invention, the design documentation for the OZh-5.04.000 fire extinguisher was developed, a pilot batch was made, and laboratory and field tests were carried out.

 As tests showed (protocol dated 11/17/93), the developed OZh-5.02.000 locking-starting head meets all the requirements of the international standard ISO / TC 21 / SC2.

 As an analysis of the test results showed, the proposed locking and starting head provides high tightness, a complete discharge of extinguishing agent, safety and operational reliability, according to the tactical and technical indicators, it complies with the current regulatory documents and provides extinguishing of fire centers in classes A, B, C. The locking and starting head is universal, can be used in fire extinguishers with any extinguishing agent, as well as in other sectors of the economy. The locking and starting head has passed acceptance tests and is recommended by the interagency commission for mass production.

Claims (1)

 A locking and starting head for a portable fire extinguisher, comprising a housing with a gas channel, an output channel with a nozzle for discharging a fire extinguisher and a channel for connecting a siphon tube, a device for mounting it on a fire extinguisher tank, a starting device with a starting handle and a locking device with a drive lever that interacts with placed in the output channel by a spring-loaded rod with a valve, characterized in that the siphon tube connection channel is made tapering at the end with a transition to the channel with a cross section it is rectangular in shape, and the valve located in the outlet channel with its lateral surface overlaps the rectangular hole, and with its end part interacts with the seat of the nozzle of the outlet channel of the head, while the valve is equipped with a cuff interacting with its working surface with the walls of the outlet channel, and the valve itself is made in the form truncated cone and provided with a spherical end surface.

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