RU206382U1 - Device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power lines - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used to notify about the occurrence of vandal actions in relation to overhead lines, determine mechanical loads on wires / ground wires of overhead power lines (OHL), identify overhead lines with icing and snow adhesion to them, control wire defects wires / ground wires, fixation of high-frequency (HF) electromagnetic impulses (EMP) from switching, lightning, corona and partial discharges, breaks and short circuits (SC), to detect breakage or short-circuit of wires of high-voltage overhead power lines (OHL) to the ground, including the number of single-phase ground faults (OZZ), detection of overhead lines with icing and snow adhesion to them, determination of the type of ice and frost deposits, as well as the point of desublimation and obtaining information about the amplitudes of wire swing, determination of overhead lines with defects, with their subsequent localization, and reducing labor costs during installation and dismantling of devices. The technical result is the expansion of functionality due to the fact that the device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines will allow you to register and evaluate actions of a vandal nature on overhead lines. and contains a first acceleration sensor, a first temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, a second acceleration sensor, a current sensor, a navigation module (GLONASS / GPS), a second temperature sensor, an RF EMR recording module associated with the microprocessor inputs, in which, based on signals from said sensors information is generated indicating the address of the overhead line span about a break or short circuit, including OZZ, overhead line wires to the ground, icing and snow adhesion to them, about wire swing amplitudes, about overhead lines with defects, while the output of the microprocessor is connected to the transceiver a sensor designed for communication with the dispatching console, and the power supply of the sensors, navigation module, microprocessor and transceiver installed on the electronic circuit of the device is carried out from the power supply unit made in the form of a magnetic circuit installed on the high-voltage wire of the overhead line, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with a secondary a transformer winding supplying power to the electronic circuit of the device, and the energy storage device is also connected to the power supply unit, according to the present utility model, additionally contains an anti-vandal module for recording and assessing vandal effects, connected to a microprocessor and a power supply unit.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used to notify about the occurrence of vandal actions on overhead lines, determine mechanical loads on wires / ground wires of overhead power lines (OHL), identify overhead lines with icing and snow adhesion to them, control wire wire defects / ground wires, fixation of high-frequency (HF) electromagnetic impulses (EMP) from switching, lightning, corona and partial discharges, open circuits and short circuits (SC), to detect open or short circuit of wires of high-voltage overhead power lines (OHL) to the ground, including single-phase earth faults (OZZ), detection of overhead lines with icing and snow adhesion to them, determination of the type of ice and frost deposits, as well as points of desublimation and obtaining information about the amplitudes of wire swing, determination of overhead lines with defects, with their subsequent localization, and reduction labor costs during installation and dismantling of devices.

The prototype is a device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines, which allows: to fix HF EMP from switching, lightning, corona and partial discharges; get information about a break or short circuit in the wires of power lines to the ground; determine the spans of overhead lines with icing and snow adhesion to them, with their subsequent localization; to reduce labor costs during installation and dismantling of devices (Patent RU №185311, IPC G01R 29/00).

The known device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines contains a first acceleration sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, a second acceleration sensor, a current sensor, a navigation module (GLONASS / GPS), a second temperature sensor, a HF EMR registration module installed on the phase wire of the overhead line between two supports connected with the inputs of the microprocessor, in which, on the basis of signals from the said sensors, information about the state of the overhead line is generated with an indication of the address of the overhead line span, while the output of the microprocessor is connected to a transceiver intended for communication with the dispatching console, and the power supply of the sensors, navigation module, microprocessor and transceiver , installed on the electronic circuit of the device, is carried out from a power supply made in the form of a magnetic circuit installed on a high-voltage wire of an overhead line, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with a secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuit of the device, moreover, an energy storage device is connected to the power supply unit.

The main disadvantages of the prototype are the lack of the possibility of fixing the occurrence of vandal actions (destruction / damage of objects by a mechanical method) in relation to the structures and elements of overhead lines, which is especially important in connection with the increasing cases of illegal dismantling of supports and other elements of overhead lines.

The task of the utility model is to develop a device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines, which eliminates the shortcomings of the prototype.

The technical result is the expansion of functionality due to the fact that the device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines will allow you to register and evaluate vandal actions on overhead lines with the ability to transmit information about the place and nature of the impact.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a device for online monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power lines, installed on the phase wire of the overhead line between two supports and containing the first acceleration sensor, the first temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, the second acceleration sensor, current sensor, navigation module (GLONASS / GPS) , the second temperature sensor, the HF EMP registration module associated with the microprocessor inputs, in which, based on the signals from the mentioned sensors, information is generated indicating the address of the overhead line span about a break or short circuit, including OZZ, overhead line wires to the ground, icing and sticking to snow, about the amplitudes of wire swinging, about overhead lines with defects, while the output of the microprocessor is connected to a transceiver intended for communication with the dispatching console, and the power supply of the sensors, navigation module, microprocessor and transceiver installed on the electronic circuit of the device is carried out from the power supply unit, completed in in the form of a magnetic circuit installed on a high-voltage wire of an overhead line, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with a secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuit of the device, and an energy storage device is also connected to the power supply, according to this utility model, additionally contains an anti-vandal module for registration and evaluation vandal, connected to microprocessor and power supply.

In this case, the anti-vandal module for assessing vandal effects is made in the form of a vibration sensor and / or a microphone.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by a drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows its structural block diagram.

In the drawing, the numbers indicate:

1 - the first acceleration sensor (two-axis accelerometer);

2 - the first temperature sensor;

3 - humidity sensor;

4 - second acceleration sensor (three-axis accelerometer);

5 - current sensor;

6 - navigation module (GLONASS / GPS);

7 - microprocessor;

8 - transceiver;

9 - electronic circuit of the device;

10 - power supply unit;

11 - storage of electricity (for example, a storage battery);

12 - HF EMP registration module;

13 - second temperature sensor;

14 - anti-vandal module.

A device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power lines, installed on the phase wire of the overhead line between two supports and containing the first acceleration sensor 1, the first temperature sensor 2 and the humidity sensor 3, the second acceleration sensor 4, current sensor 5, navigation module (GLONASS / GPS) 6 , the second temperature sensor 13, the HF EMI registration module 12, connected with the inputs of the microprocessor 7, in which, based on the signals from the said sensors, information is generated indicating the address of the overhead line span about a break or short circuit, including OZZ, overhead line wires to the ground, icing and snow adhering to them, about the amplitudes of wire swinging, about overhead lines with defects, while the output of the microprocessor 7 is connected to the transceiver 8, intended for communication with the dispatching console, and the power supply of sensors 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, navigation module 6 , microprocessor 7 and transceiver 8, installed on the electronic circuit 9 of the device, is carried out from the power supply 10, performed It is in the form of a magnetic circuit installed on the high-voltage wire of the overhead line, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with the secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuit 9 of the device, and the energy storage 11 is also connected to the power supply unit 10.

The difference between the proposed device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines is that it additionally contains an anti-vandal module 14 for assessing vandal effects, connected to a microprocessor 7 and a power supply unit 10.

The anti-vandal module 14 for evaluating vandal effects is made in the form of a vibration sensor and / or a microphone. This module 14 allows you to receive information about the appearance of extraneous noise and / or vibrations on the overhead line, which can be attributed to vandal actions in relation to the overhead line. Thus, it becomes possible to track the time of the beginning and end of vandal attacks, as well as notify the dispatcher about it.

All components of the device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines are in structural unity, i.e. the connection is made by soldering.

The device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines operates as follows.

Using the navigation module (GLONASS / GPS) 6, precise time signals are determined, as well as the location of the overhead line flight and its coordinates in conventional units or in the format of the GLONASS or GPS system. In addition, the navigation module (GLONASS / GPS) 6 provides a reduction in labor costs when installing new devices and replacing old devices.

To quickly determine the place of ice formation, breakage or short-circuit of high-voltage overhead lines, including OZZ on one of the phase wires, through the span of the overhead line between the supports, devices for on-line monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines are fixed. The first temperature sensor 2, the second temperature sensor 13 and the humidity sensor 3 are used to measure the temperature and determine the onset of snow adhesion or ice formation on the wires.

For a more accurate determination of the phase wire sag and for reliability, two types of acceleration sensors can be used in the device: a three-axis accelerometer 4 determines the gravitational acceleration vector g in space; the biaxial accelerometer 1 determines the projection of the vector g onto the plane of the wire (the plane is formed by the axis of the accelerometer 1 directed along the wire and the axis perpendicular to the normal to the ground). The output signals from the acceleration sensors 1 and 4 (accelerometers) are fed to the corresponding inputs of the control microprocessor 7, where the information is processed and fed to the transceiver 8, and then through the radio channel sequentially from unit to unit is transmitted to the dispatching console. The use of a three-axis accelerometer 4 makes it possible to determine the angle at which the operational monitoring device attached to the wire rotated relative to the horizon, and therefore to correct the readings from the two-axis accelerometer 1, increasing the accuracy of determining both the wire sag and its oscillations to the sides.

The output signals from the acceleration sensors (accelerometers) 1 and 4, proportional to the swinging amplitude of the phase wire, are fed to the corresponding inputs of the microprocessor 7. In the microprocessor 7, the signals are compared with the values preset in the program in accordance with a given algorithm. For example, if the mechanical action on the phase wire causes the wires to oscillate along the X axis to some value N cm, then the microprocessor 7 issues a command to the dispatching console about normal amplitudes. If these amplitudes are greater than the specified value N + n cm, then a command is issued about overestimated amplitudes, indicating the location of the VL flight in GLONASS / GPS coordinates. If there is a break in the phase wire or its sagging along the Y axis, then, according to the same principle, the microprocessor 7 transmits information about the event to the dispatching console. For example, if the ambient temperature is within 0 ° C and the humidity sensor 3 detects the presence of precipitation (rain, snow, fog), and there is a sagging of the wire, then this indicates a possible adhesion of snow on the wires or their icing, as transmitted to the dispatching console.

If the wire breaks, a sharp change in the angle of inclination of the wire is recorded and information is also transmitted to the dispatching console, regardless of the ambient temperature and the presence of precipitation.

The installed current sensor 5 makes it possible to determine not only a wire break, but also a short circuit, including OZZ, despite the fact that these emergencies can occur on the phase wires of the diagnosed overhead line that are not equipped with this device, due to the registration of changes in the current strength in the working phase wire , as well as tracking the edge of the current by oscillographing the input signals with reference to the exact time signals from the navigation module (GLONASS / GPS) 6.

The device has the ability to monitor at least two spans of overhead lines due to the transceiver 8, which has an operating range of at least 600 meters in open areas.

If one of the devices for monitoring the technical condition of the overhead line fails, the transmission of information to the dispatching console will continue from other devices through the remaining operating transceivers 8 according to the Zigbee protocol.

The RF EMR registration module 12 is a magnetic antenna with a ferrite core, with the ability to register the front and frequency of the RF EMR, as well as the time of their passage. This allows you to record HF EMP from switching, lightning, corona and partial discharges, open circuit or short circuit, including OZZ, overhead lines and track their propagation along overhead lines, as well as localize overhead lines with defects.

The power supply unit 10 can be configured to take off power with an electrostatic component of the electromagnetic field for operation on lines of 110 kV and above. Due to this, the power supply of the device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines can be carried out from a wire with a large current strength and does not depend on the change in the current strength in the wire, since only the overhead line voltage predominantly affects the amount of power taken.

The electronic circuit 9 of the device is powered from the power supply 10 and is fed through it to the microprocessor 7, transceiver 8, navigation module 6, sensors (first acceleration sensor 1, first temperature sensor 2, second temperature sensor 13, humidity sensor 3, second acceleration sensor 4 and current sensor 5), the HF EMR recording module 12 and the vandal-proof module 14. Thanks to the power unit 10, energy is taken from the electromagnetic field around the phase wire. Further, this electricity goes to the power supply of the electronic circuit 9 of the device and to recharge the energy storage device 11. The energy stored in the storage device 11 can later be used to power the electronic circuit 9 of the device in case of power outages, providing information transmission for some time, using the accumulated charge energy.

Thus, the proposed utility model has wider possibilities due to the fact that the device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage overhead lines allows detecting the occurrence of vandal actions on overhead lines, and also allows you to control and transmit information to the dispatching console according to the following parameters and possible events:

- Prompt determination of the location of the breakage or short circuit, including OZZ, high-voltage overhead lines in each span and on each phase of wires A, B and C;

- determination of the amount of swaying of wires when exposed to wind;

- determination of spans of overhead lines with snow adhering to them and control of ice formation with the ability to determine the type of ice-rime deposits;

- determination of the place of mechanical impact on the wires;

- control of the ambient temperature;

- control of the temperature of the overhead line wires caused by a change in the current loads in the system, as well as the heating of the wires caused by currents during the fight against icing and the adhesion of snow on them;

- determination of the point of desublimation;

- determination of the location of the short circuit of the wires;

- determination of other values of mechanical effects on overhead lines caused by natural phenomena;

- fixation of HF EMP from switching, lightning, corona and partial discharges, open circuit or short circuit, including OZZ of overhead line wires;

- localization of spans of overhead lines with defects;

- fixation and assessment of vandal impacts with the subsequent localization of overhead transmission lines, with impacts of this kind.

Claims (1)

A device for operational monitoring of the technical condition of high-voltage power lines, installed on the phase wire of the overhead line between two supports and containing a first acceleration sensor, a first temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, a second acceleration sensor, a current sensor, a navigation module (GLONASS / GPS), a second temperature sensor, a module registration of HF EMP associated with the inputs of the microprocessor, in which, on the basis of signals from the mentioned sensors, information is generated indicating the address of the overhead line span about a break or short circuit, including OZZ, overhead line wires to the ground, icing and snow adhesion to them, about swing amplitudes wires, about spans of overhead lines with defects, while the output of the microprocessor is connected to a transceiver intended for communication with the dispatching console, and the power supply of the sensors, navigation module, microprocessor and transceiver installed on the electronic circuit of the device is carried out from a power supply made in the form of a magnetic circuit, installed on you the overhead power line, which serves as the primary winding of the transformer, which is equipped with the secondary winding of the transformer, which supplies power to the electronic circuit of the device, and an energy storage device is also connected to the power supply, characterized in that it additionally contains an anti-vandal module for recording and evaluating vandal effects, connected to a microprocessor and a power supply, while the anti-vandal module is made in the form of a vibration sensor and / or a microphone.

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