RU2063248C1 - Method for performing psychosomatic dysfunction correction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves composing psychotherapeutic program with representation system of information perception by a patient taken into consideration. Vision deprivation is performing at the beginning of the procedure, respiration rhythm is set to have prolonged expiration phase of the respiratory cycle. Then the patient is set into light trance state, psychotherapeutic information is shown with semantic accent of suggestion formula being overlain over the expiration phase of the patient respiratory cycle. The patient attention is to be switched on the other information channel to provide for amnesia of the applied psychotherapeutic program. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment.

Description

 The invention relates to medicine and can be used as a psychotherapeutic agent in the treatment of various psychosomatic diseases.

 Clinics are increasingly observed in patients with special mental conditions, which manifest themselves as signs of disorders of the activity of various visceral systems. The nature of such states is different. On the one hand, they are based on experiences of critical situations / stresses, frustrations, conflicts /, on the other hand, endogenous psychotic disorders / depressive states, psycho-effective syndromes, etc. /, and borderline states / neuroses and psychopathies / occupy the space between these stripes.

 It has been shown that for each of the listed variants of mental states, changes in the function of internal organs of various origin are observed. The localization of autonomic dysfunctions, their nature and severity are determined by a combination of predisposing biological factors. Under these conditions, the main task of therapy and prevention is to conduct carefully thought-out tactics of pathogenetic psychotherapy aimed at correcting the personality, activating positive elements in motivational-goal settings and creating adequate reactions / Gubachev Yu.M. Stabrovsky E. M. Clinical and physiological foundations of psychosomatic relationships. M. Medicine, 1981, p. 98-115 /.

 Psychological treatment is increasingly used in medical practice. It is known that direct and indirect suggestion has a profound effect on the course of physiological and pathological processes in the body. Objective data were obtained that neurochemical processes that occur in the brain are involved in the implementation of suggestion. / Svyadosh A.M. Neuroses.-M.Meditsina, 1982, p. 206 /, normalization of blood oxygenation occurs / Bull I.I. Change in blood oxygen saturation under the influence of hypnosis in patients with bronchial asthma. Bulletin of Hypnology and Psychotherapy, 1993, 1/4 /, p. 79-83 /.

 As a prototype of the proposed method, the method of correction of psychosomatic dysfunctions using methods of hypnosuggestive psychotherapy is considered, in which the effect on the subconscious memory is carried out by repeated repetition of the text and formulas of suggestion in a patient with a different state of consciousness / Psychotherapy Guide. ed. V.E. Rozhnova, Tashkent, 1985, p. 185-203 /.

 However, both analogues and the prototype do not always allow to obtain the necessary therapeutic effect, since they do not take into account the structure of perception of information, as well as the possibility of fixing the introduced psychological setting.

 The essence of the proposed method is the introduction into it of methods of rational psychotherapy in a state of wakefulness and a decreased level of consciousness, while a significant effect is carried out taking into account a representative system of perception of information by the patient, and the psychological setup is fixed using the "anchor linkage" of the entered information with the physiological act of the respiratory cycle.

The method is as follows. When meeting, establish emotional contact with the patient, find out the nature of the disease and the features of its course. The personality characteristics of the patient are also determined and, paying attention to the terminology of his speech, they determine the main representative system of perception of information / MacDonald B. Guide to submodalities, Seattle, 1988 /, i.e. in terms of colloquial speech, the main channel is diagnosed
visual, acoustic or kinesthetic. At the same time, in a conversation with the patient, verbal suggestion reinforces and reinforces the motivation for changing responses. After this, the patient is released and the time of the treatment session is prescribed. Based on the information received, they compose a suggestion program, the implementation time of which should not exceed 30 minutes, which is the optimal time for obtaining the most effective treatment outcome / M. Buyanov, Fundamentals of Psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents, Kiev, 1990, p. 64 /.

The text of the suggestion should contain three main parts, each of which carries a certain semantic load, i.e. the first part is the formation of a report, is a subscript, information is entered into it that forms the patient's confidence;
the second part is composed in such a way as to create a distance between the disease and the patient; they represent the disease as something that does not correspond to his personality, his attitudes and values;
the third part should contain a firm belief in the success of treatment and describe a new model of well-being and response of the patient.

 Each part of the suggestive impact should end with the formula of suggestion / psychological setting /. The formula of suggestion should be strictly individual, short and clear in content / A. Slobodnyak Psychotherapy. Suggestion. Hypnosis, Kiev, 1982 / The first part of the suggestion is made using the terminology of the main system of perception, and the rest is expressed by the concepts of secondary systems of perception. The treatment session begins with the methods of rational psychotherapy, convincing the patient of the possibility of overcoming the disease. Then they suggest that he close his eyes and, against this background, establish a calm rhythm of breathing with an extended expiratory phase. You can maintain a breathing rhythm in accordance with the heart rate, i.e. carry out the inspiration phase for 6 beats of the pulse, and the exhalation for 9 beats of the pulse.

 Deprivation of vision and measured breathing helps to reduce the patient's level of consciousness and facilitate a hypnotic effect to translate it into a state of light trance. / Chertok D.L. Hypnosis. M.Meditsina, 1992, p. 118-128 /. A sufficient level of decrease in consciousness is determined by clinical signs that are characteristic of a state of doubt / hypotension /.

 After reaching the necessary decrease in the level of consciousness, a suggestive effect is carried out according to the prepared text. After each part of the text, the formula of suggestion is repeated. Moreover, it is important to pronounce it in such a way that the beginning of the formula, its semantic emphasis falls on the inspiratory, and the final part on the expiratory part of the phase of the respiratory cycle.

 Consciousness of the reflex connection of the psychological setup with the physiological act of breathing helps to fix a new response model. Since the respiratory cycle is one of the symptoms of the general adaptation syndrome / Selg G. Stress without distress. M. Progress, 1982, p. 59 / its inclusion in the treatment program fits into the concept of a conditioned reflex / Pavlov I.P. Sobr. Op. M.-L. 1952, p. 183 / and, when reproducing one element, it allows to cause the whole chain of experiences as a whole.

 After completion of the program, the patient is taken out of a state of hypnotic trance by generally accepted methods / P.I. Bull. The basics of psychotherapy. -L. Medicine, 1974, p. 89 /. Amnesia production techniques are also used. To do this, divert the patient's attention to an extraneous object or switch his attention to another information channel. The use of amnesia allows you to bring therapeutic information out of the censorship of consciousness. The practice of hypnotherapy shows that suggestion is most effective if, after waking up, it undergoes amnesia / Bull P.I. Fundamentals of psychotherapy.-L.1974, Medicine, p. 107 /.

 The course of treatment includes 1 5 sessions, which, if necessary, can be repeated after 3 5 months.

Example 1. Patient M., 21 years old. At the preliminary meeting, he complained of bedwetting 3 5 times a week, fatigue, periodic headaches, irritability. Previously treated with strychin in the clinic. After treatment, a short-term improvement was noted, but then the disease resumed. Objectively: a moderate tremor of the fingers and eyelids in the Remberg position, persistent red dermographism is noted from the side of the nervous system. With cystoscopy, no changes were detected. Diagnosis: neurotic form of enuresis. In an interview with M. on expressions such as: "I do not see the possibility.", ". It seems gloomy." etc., it has been established that its main representative system is visual. A suggestion program has been drawn up. Before the start of the session, the patient took 1.0 g of diuretin and drank 3 glasses of water. At the beginning of the session, the patient was convinced of the possibility of recovery. He was asked to close his eyes, breathe calmly, inhale for 6 beats of the pulse, and exhale for 9 beats. After 7 minutes of relaxation by neurolinguistic programming, the patient was immersed in a trance; a sign of a necessary decrease in consciousness was: impoverishment of facial expressions, an increase in pause when answering questions, impaired diction. After that, they proceeded to suggest an individual program. Key formulas: “bright joy lies ahead”, “dry and clean bed”,
"I wake up with a feeling of a full bladder, I wake up to get out of bed and go to the toilet";
"I wake up easily and am surprised at this myself, I always feel when I need to wake up";
"I am pleased to wake up in a dry bed, I calmly look at others because I am healthy";
The beginning of the semantic emphasis of each formula was synchronized with the inspiratory phase. When M. was taken out of a state of trance, the text of the suggestion was completed with the formula "and you perfectly remembered that you need to forget those things that should not be remembered", asked him to look up and to the left, that is, they activated the channel providing access to the visual information, which allowed amnesize audio information. According to the patient, he did not notice how he fell asleep and woke up when he felt the urge to urinate. After the second session, he began to wake up at the urge to urinate at night. The patient was observed for a year. There were no recurrent anuresis. Considers himself healthy.

 Example No. 2. Patient I. 48 years old suffers from gastric ulcer for 4 years. Repeatedly treated with conservative methods. Objectively: according to gastroscopy, an ulcer was detected on the lesser curvature of the stomach measuring 0.4 x 0.7 cm / gastroscopy was performed on the eve of treatment /. Treatment by the proposed method was carried out for 10 days, 5 sessions were performed. Repeated gastroscopy was performed 2 weeks after treatment. According to the study, traces of an epithelialized ulcer / almost without scar / were noted. The patient was observed for a year. There were no relapses.

 Analysis of the clinical effectiveness of the proposed method showed that the best results were achieved in the treatment of neurotic disorders and psychogenesis / improvement was achieved in 70.2% of patients /.

 As for the application of the method in patients with pathology of the internal organs in combination with other methods of treatment, to consolidate the achieved results and increase their percentage / improvement was observed in 92% of cases /.

 The results obtained indicate that the proposed method allows for adaptive rearrangements of brain functions and create new close to normal links of cerebral homeostasis in altered brain systems.

Claims (5)

 1. A method for the correction of psychosomatic dysfunctions, including rational psychotherapy and a hypnotic effect with the introduction of an individual psychotherapeutic program containing suggestion formulas, characterized in that the psychotherapeutic program is composed taking into account the patient’s representative system of information perception, deprivation of vision is performed at the beginning of the session, and the breathing rhythm is established with an elongated the expiratory phase of the respiratory cycle, after which the patient is introduced into a light trance, psychotherapists are presented nical information, wherein the semantic focus formulas suggestion to combine the expiratory phase of the respiratory cycle and the patient during injection of the trance state using techniques produce amnesia.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to increase the effectiveness of the suggestive effect, the respiratory rhythm is correlated with the heart rate in the ratio: the inspiration phase is carried out for 6 pulse beats, and the exit phase for 9 pulse beats.  3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in order to develop amnesia, the patient's attention is switched from the acoustic channel through which psychotherapeutic information was entered to the visual or kinesthetic channel.  4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the program of psychotherapeutic information should not exceed 30 minutes  5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the information blocks of the psychotherapeutic program complete the formula of suggestion, which is repeated during the treatment session repeatedly.