RU2062874C1 - Level indicator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engineering-exploration operations. SUBSTANCE: level indicator has a barrel put on high-speed shaft of the reducing gear and a barrel on low-speed shaft of the reducing gear. Weight being lowered to the well is hung from cable of one barrel. Indicator interacting with scale is hung from cable of another barrel. Torques on reducing gear shafts are selected so as in achieving liquid level being measured by the weight low-speed shaft is stopped and the indicator records the depth of the level being measured. EFFECT: high accuracy. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques used in engineering and survey works, in particular to means for measuring the water level in wells and open reservoirs.

 Among stationary devices for measuring water level, float level meters are most widely used.

 A well-known, for example, a UB-1 drum-type borehole float level gauge containing a housing, a drum with a cable, a float attached to the free end of the cable and lowered into the well, as well as a measurement counter whose shaft interacts with the cable (D.N. Bashkatov, A . G. Teslya. Hydrogeological observations during drilling and testing of wells for water. M. Nedra, 1970, pp. 105-106).

 The disadvantage of this device is, firstly, the lack of accuracy and reliability of measurements associated with the fact that a drum with a cable is stopped by the operator manually according to such indirect signs as a weakening of the cable, etc. and, secondly, the need for a large float to ensure buoyancy, which complicates the use of such a level gauge in narrow wells with a small annular gap.

 A known level gauge containing a gearbox, two drums with cables, one of which is mounted on a high-speed gearbox shaft, and the other on a low-speed gearbox shaft, a vertical scale and a load with an indication of the measured level on the scale, is mounted on the free end of a low-speed shaft cable (L. G Yakovlev, Level Gauges, M. Mechanical Engineering, 1964, p. 56).

 The disadvantage of this device, which we have chosen as a prototype, is, firstly, the insufficient accuracy and reliability of the measurements, due to the fact that the gearbox is manually stopped by the operator by such indirect signs as cable loosening, etc. and secondly, the need for a large float to ensure its buoyancy, which makes it difficult to use such a level gauge for level measurements in narrow wells with a small annular gap.

 The aim of the invention is the expansion of functionality, as well as improving the accuracy and automation of the measurement process.

где M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{c}}{\text{Б}}$ крутящий момент на быстроходном валу редуктора при опускании груза ("сухой" груз),
M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{V}}{\text{Б}}$ то же, при грузе, опущенном в воду ("мокрый" груз),
М_т крутящий момент на тихоходном валу редуктора,
i передаточное отношение редуктора,
η коэффициент полезного действия редуктора,
u отношение диаметров барабанов.According to the invention, the level gauge containing the gearbox, two drums with cables, one of which is mounted on the high-speed gearbox shaft, a vertical scale and a load with an indication of the measured level on the scale, mounted on the free end of the low-speed shaft cable, is equipped with additional weight fixed on the high-speed drum cable shaft, while the torques on the shafts of the gearbox satisfy the condition:

where M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{c}}{\text{B}}$ torque on the high-speed shaft of the gearbox when lowering the load ("dry" load),
M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{V}}{\text{B}}$ the same with a load lowered into the water ("wet" load),
M _t torque on the low-speed shaft of the gearbox,
i gear ratio
η gearbox efficiency
u ratio of the diameters of the drums.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the appearance of the level gauge.

 The gearbox 1 carries a drum 3 on a high-speed shaft 2 and a drum 5 on a slow-moving shaft 4. A cable (fishing line) 6 is wound on a drum 3 with a load 7 suspended at its free end, lowered, for example, into a well 8, and on a drum 5, a cable 9 s pointer 10 hanging above the surface of the earth. The load 7 and the pointer 10 are kinematically connected to each other (through the gear transmission of the gearbox) and are counterweights to each other (taking into account the gear ratio and gearbox efficiency). Therefore, when the load 7 rises, the pointer 10 is lowered, and vice versa. But the path traveled by the pointer 10 is less than the path traveled by the load 7, and is a multiple of the gear ratio of the gearbox and the ratio of the diameters of the drums. Therefore, the vertical movement of the pointer 10 is small, occurs on the surface, is convenient for observation and accurately simulates the movement of the load 7 in the well, but at a much reduced scale.

 An arrow 11 is attached to the pointer 10, directed to the divisions on the vertical scale 12. The load 7 is lifted and the cable 6 is wound on the drum 3 by the handle 13.

 The device operates as follows.

). Когда груз 7 погрузится в воду ("мокрый" груз), крутящий момент на быстроходном валу (M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{М}}{\text{Б}}$ ) станет меньше и будет равен моменту на тихоходном валу (

). Наступит равновесие противовесов и дальнейшее опускание груза 7 (и подъем указателя 10) прекратится. Положение стрелки 11 указателя 10 относительно делений шкалы 12 укажет глубину измеряемого уровня.Lowering the load 7 to the measured level is due to the fact that the torque from the “dry” load on the high-speed shaft (M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{from}}{\text{B}}$ ) more torque (counterbalance) on the low-speed shaft M _t related to the gear ratio and efficiency of the gearbox and to the ratio of the diameters of the drums (

) When the load 7 is immersed in water (wet load), the torque on the high-speed shaft (M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{M}}{\text{B}}$ ) will become smaller and equal to the moment on the low-speed shaft (

) The balance of the balances will come and further lowering of the load 7 (and the rise of the pointer 10) will stop. The position of the arrow 11 of the pointer 10 relative to the divisions of the scale 12 will indicate the depth of the measured level.

The claimed technical solution ensures the achievement of the following advantages over known solutions to a similar problem:
1. There is no need to have a cargo with a large margin of buoyancy (float).

 2. The ability to take measurements both in wells and in open water.

 3. Simplicity of design, since any commercially available gearbox is used for various devices and it is required to produce only two small drums mounted on the gearbox shafts and a reference scale.

 4. Increased reading accuracy and full automation of measurement, ie without forcibly stopping the cargo by the operator upon reaching the measured level.

 5. The ability to measure water level at an almost unlimited depth.

 All of the above significantly expands the scope of such a level gauge, its functionality.

Claims (1)

A level gauge containing a reducer, two drums with cables, one of which is mounted on the high-speed shaft of the gearbox, and the other on the low-speed shaft of the gearbox, a vertical scale and a load with an indication of the measured level on the scale, mounted on the free end of the cable of the low-speed shaft, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional load fixed on the cable drum of the high-speed shaft, while the torques on the gearbox shafts satisfy the condition:

where M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{c}}{\text{b}}$ - torque on the high-speed shaft, the gearbox when lowering the load, N • m;
M $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{v}}{\text{b}}$ - the same with a load lowered into the water, N • m;
M _t torque on a low-speed shaft, n • m;
i gear ratio;
η gearbox efficiency;
U is the ratio of the diameters of the drums.