RU2061818C1 - Method for development of underwater trenches and bottom deepening and device for implementing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering. SUBSTANCE: method includes loosening underwater ground with a tiller, soil feed inside pipe- receiver, conveying hydraulic mixture upward along pipe- receiver and outlet pipelines beyond the trench being excavated, and displacing the device to new point of soil intake. Water jet is used to feed hydraulic mixture into pipe-receiver. Device is displaced both using cables of boom of self-moving manipulator-robot, or towing by service-ship. Device for implementing the method includes pipe-receiver for hydraulic mixture with two outlet pipelines, shaft and its drive installed in the pipe-receiver, tiller secured to the shaft, and unit to feed hydraulic mixture, and power mains. Hydraulic mixture feed unit is made in the form of propeller or pump of axial action installed at inlet of pipe-receiver, and outlet pipelines are provided with gate vales. Besides the device may be provided with a chamber for shaft drive location. The chamber is placed in the middle of pipe-receiver. The drive is installed in the chamber with ring gap. Ring gap area is equal to cross section area of pipe-receiver. EFFECT: high productivity. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to underwater mining of soil and can be used in river and sea dredging, as well as for the development of underwater trenches for laying pipelines, cables, building structures, etc.

 Known methods for conducting underwater technical work in the soil of rivers and ponds using means of underwater hydromechanization, in which the main working body is a water jet and a system of jets. Jets loosen, erode, weigh incoherent soils, cut compacted clay rocks, and operate ejector apparatuses. In these means of underwater hydromechanization, high-pressure pumps, usually of a centrifugal type, are used to create large heads and capacities at low water flow rates.

 There is also a known method and device for creating a funnel in bottom sediments. (2) (prototype). The known method consists in the fact that the submersible mechanism of the hydromechanization device creates a funnel in the bottom sediments, vertically dipping into this funnel as it forms. The mechanism that implements this method has an elongated tubular body, closed in the upper part and having a drill in the lower part, driven by a reversible hydraulic motor. Rotating in one direction, the drill cuts into the soil of the bottom and raises the bottom material saturated with water into the mixing chamber formed in the housing between the outer part of the drill and the closed upper end of the housing. In the upper part of the tubular housing from opposite sides there are openings for the intake of clean water into the mixing chamber and for unloading the hydraulic mixture. A pump is connected to these openings, which ensures the supply of clean water to the chamber and the discharge of the hydraulic mixture from the mixing chamber.

 In the proposed method for the development of underwater trenches and dredging, underwater soil is loosened with a mill. The mass of bottom soil is fed into the receiver pipe of the device for developing underwater trenches and dredging by a jet of water, which is created by rotating the propeller or impeller of the axial pump at the inlet section of the receiver pipe. The hydraulic mixture, consisting of bottom soil and water, is transported vertically up the receiver pipe and then along the bypass pipelines beyond the edges of the developed trench. The device for the development of the trench is moved to a new point of soil intake due to its placement on the boom cables of a self-propelled robotic arm, translationally moving along the torn trench in automatic mode by commands from the escorted vessel or by towing directly by the vessel.

 Figure 1 shows a diagram of the development of an underwater trench device suspended on the boom of a robotic arm.

 In FIG. 2 and 3 show schematically a device for developing underwater trenches in different designs.

 A device for the development of underwater trenches and dredging consists of a receiver pipe 1 of a hydraulic mixture, in which a shaft 2 with a hydraulic drive for its rotation is installed. At the inlet section of the receiver pipe 1, a propeller or an impeller of the axial pump 3 is mounted on the shaft 2, a cutter 4 is fixed at the lower end of the shaft 2. The receiver pipe has two outlet pipes 5 located on opposite sides of the receiver pipe and equipped with valves 6, designed to block one of the branch pipelines 5, if necessary, to increase the width of the developed trench 7 by an amount exceeding the diameter of the receiving pipe 1, and to ensure the discharge of the slurry onto the mainland (non-developed Pipeline) surface of the bottom. The shaft 2 is connected to the hydraulic actuator 8, located in the upper part of the receiver 1 above the branch pipelines 5. The hydraulic actuator is powered by a hose 9 from the hydraulic pump 10 mounted on the accompanying vessel 11. The device is suspended on cables 12 of the boom 13 mounted on a self-propelled robot manipulator 14, which is controlled by commands from the vessel 11 in accordance with the readings of telemetric sensors and telemetry devices that are installed on all parts of the underwater mechanical complex.

 The receiver pipe 1 can be made up of three parts, rigidly connected to each other. At the bottom there is a propeller or impeller of the axial pump and a mill. The middle part is made of a pipe of larger diameter than the upper and lower parts, and has a chamber inside to accommodate the hydraulic actuator 8. The annular gap of the chamber 15 in which the hydraulic actuator 8 is installed is equal to the cross-sectional area of the receiver pipe 1. In the upper part of the receiver pipe 1, branch pipelines 5 are located.

 The device operates as follows. The receiver pipe 1 of the device for developing underwater trenches connected to the robotic arm 14 is brought to the starting point of the developed trench 7. On command from the vessel 11, in accordance with the readings of the sensors and devices, the hydraulic actuator 8 starts, creating a rotational movement on the shaft 2, which transmitted by a propeller or an impeller of an axial pump 3 mounted on a shaft 2 and a milling cutter 4. The milling cutter 4 cuts into the soil of the bottom of a reservoir, loosening it. The propeller or impeller of the axial pump 3 creates a suction jet, which ensures the vertical lifting of particles of the bottom soil (as part of the hydraulic mixture) and their suspension in suspension inside the receiver pipe 1. Next, the water flow transports the hydraulic mixture through both bypass pipes 5 in the case when both valves 6 are open, and throws it beyond the edges of the developed trench 7. Or, when one of the valves 6 is closed, the slurry is thrown outside one of the edges of the trench 7.

 The receiver pipe 1 can sink to the full depth of the developed trench 7. The speed of the translational movement of the device along the trench 7 depends on the particle size distribution of the developed soil rocks of the bottom of the reservoir.

 The device is able to work in any inclined position, depending on the conditions of production of underwater technical work. In the stowed state, the device, together with the robot manipulator 14, is placed on the deck of the accompanying vessel 11. L2

Claims (3)

 1. A method of developing underwater trenches and dredging, including loosening the underwater soil with a mill, feeding the mass of bottom soil into the receiver pipe, transporting the slurry vertically up the receiver pipe and along the bypass pipelines beyond the edges of the trench being developed and moving the development device along the bottom soil to a new point of soil sampling, characterized in that the flow of the hydraulic mixture inside the receiver pipe is carried out by a stream of water, which is created by rotating the propeller or the impeller axial sucking at the inlet section of the receiver pipe, and the device for developing underwater trenches is moved by placing it on the boom cables of a self-propelled robotic arm that translates along the trench in automatic mode by commands from the escort vessel or by towing directly by the vessel.  2. A device for the development of underwater trenches and dredging, including a receiver pipe for a hydraulic mixture with two branch pipes in the upper part, a shaft mounted in the receiving pipe with a hydraulic drive of its rotation, a mill mounted on the lower end of the shaft with a hydraulic mixture supply unit and a main for supplying energy, characterized in that the fluid mixture supply unit to the receiver pipe is made in the form of a propeller or an axial type pump mounted on the inlet section of the receiver pipe, and the discharge pipelines are provided enes valves.  3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that it is equipped with a camera to accommodate a hydraulic actuator installed in the middle of the receiver pipe, the hydraulic actuator installed in the chamber with an annular gap, the area of which is equal to the cross-sectional area of the receiver pipe.

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