RU2059823C1 - Process of underground thickening of slurry and water clarification and complex for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry. SUBSTANCE: slurry fills inclined working by gravity. Thickening is conducted under action of gravitation forces due to passing of slurry over up- and down-going sections in lower parts of inclined workings. Pumping away of slurry from lower part of inclined working is performed simultaneously with its thickening. Complex includes inclined parallel workings whose lower parts are connected by heading having section with a variable inclination angle. This heading has partitions on ends and between separate sections. Inclined workings are divided into working slurry, circulating water and emergency ones. Pressure pipe of coal pump which suction branch pipe is hydraulically coupled to lower part of slurry working communicates with lower part of working which is first as slurry moves through collecting drift of inclined working. EFFECT: enhanced operational efficiency of complex. 21 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the coal industry and can be used in underground mining, for processing coal with the release of process water during mining processes with hydrotransport.

A known method of underground coal processing, including transporting the rock mass from the face to the classifier, separating the pulp into water and coal, classifying coal into two products, forming a moving filter layer from the second processing product and granular material with a density exceeding the density of coal. As granular material in the method, metal balls are used. Technological (clarified) water is separated in stages at the preparatory section in the pulp receiving zone and at the working section in the dehydration zone. The water received from the preparatory section is returned to the filter layer, and the water received from the working section is sent to the treatment faces [1]
The use of this method is not widespread due to its complexity, multi-stage. The need to use metal balls leads to the need for an autonomous system for their separation, drainage system. The method uses an additional energy source. The performance of the method is limited by its multi-stage: the pulp is passed through screens, through filtering devices. A large number of equipment, screens, pneumatic installations, filtering devices, devices for separating metal balls, etc. reduce the reliability of the method, make it energy intensive and time consuming.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of underground coal processing, including pressure-free transportation of hydraulic mixtures, collecting and filling coal into volumes made in the form of inclined workings, displacing water from volumes and collecting it into volumes for recycled water, thickening coal under the action of forces gravity transporting coal to the surface. Water is separated from coal not only by displacing it from the filled volume into the next free volume, but also after filling it by draining it through a window in the lower end of the volume. Volumes in the lower part are deaf, and in the lower part, bypass windows are used to drain the water. Water is drained and coal is removed from the volume by separate operations: first, settled and merged water is drained through a window in the lower part of the volume, then coal is forcibly unloaded from these volumes. Water is accumulated in volumes for draining water, where sludge precipitates from it, and it is fed into the bottom, the sludge is periodically cleaned from the volumes [2]
The scope of the known method is limited to this cyclicality: the hydraulic mixture is poured into the volume, then the water is discharged, then coal is discharged, after that the volume is again filled with hydro-mixture, etc. Coal is forcedly discharged from the volume; for this purpose, the method uses agitators, more precisely screw conveyors, pushing the coal through a window in the bottom of the volume. Saturation of technology with technology, its maintenance, lining of workings, forced operations to clarify water, transport it, and unload coal make the method energy-intensive, and therefore expensive, reduce its reliability and productivity.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed complex for underground thickening of hydraulic mixtures and clarification of water is a complex of underground coal processing, including parallel inclined workings, the upper parts of which are connected by an accumulating drift, made with a slope, and the lower ones are made with a window and a locking device for portion release of slurry into the intermediate hopper. The complex has installed in inclined workings of the agitator, preventing caking of coal and facilitating its unloading, a chamber with coal suction pumps and a chamber with slurry conduits for transporting hydraulic mixtures to the surface. Part of the inclined workings of the complex, located along the slurry along the accumulating drift below the workings designed to collect the slurry, serve to collect water displaced from the workings. The complex also contains a slurry preparation chamber.

 The known complex has insufficient reliability, because it uses mechanisms for tedding coal, and in case of failure, it is difficult to unload coal from inclined workings. It provides intermediate workings for operations. Management and maintenance of rotation mechanisms, locking devices, control equipment increases labor costs and reduces complex productivity.

 The invention is aimed at solving the problem of increasing the efficiency and reliability of hydraulic transportation and the hydraulic method of mining minerals in general, by simplifying the complex of technological equipment, reducing the cost of processing and transportation, reducing the number of operations, increasing the ease of management, which will reduce the cost of minerals and increase the productivity of its production.

 The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that in the method of underground thickening of the slurry and clarification of water, including pressureless transportation of the slurry from the bottom, gravity pouring it from the accumulating drift into volumes made in the form of inclined workings, which are divided into a working drift along the accumulating drift along the accumulating drift slurry, displacing water from the working volume into slurry, collecting water into the volume for circulating water and feeding it to the bottom, thickening the slurry in the lower part of the inclined workings by sedimentation the solid component of the mixture under the action of gravity and transport it to the surface, pumping the slurry from a lower portion inclined workings performed simultaneously with its condensation and the water displacement is effected by passing it along the ascending and descending portions of the bottom of the inclined workings.

 Simultaneous with thickening, pumping out the slurry from the volumes allows avoiding the cyclical nature and creating a continuous cycle of production, transporting the slurry to volumes, thickening, transporting the condensed slurry to the surface, and clarified water to the faces. It allows you to get away from the need for operations of deposition of coal, water drainage, tedding of coal and its unloading from the volume before transportation, which reduces the cost of enrichment of coal, its transportation, increases the productivity of the process chain.

 The displacement of water along the ascending and descending sections in the lower part of the inclined production gives the main effect of the invention. The slurry poured into the inclined workings hits the walls in the lower part of these workings. Due to the sharp braking and stopping of movement, solid components suspended in water under the influence of gravity immediately settle. The water displaced upward with the suspended particles remaining in it begins to move along the ascending inclined section. The movement along the ascending section of a solid particle suspended in a liquid is accompanied by the action on it of the resultant of all forces, which is directed opposite to the direction of motion. There is an effective deposition of suspended solids from the suspension, which, having settled on the working soil, under the influence of gravity will begin to slide along it to the bottom of the inclined working, i.e., the movement of the settled mass of particles of the solid component will be opposite to the movement of the water displaced from the bottom. Under the action of friction and particle collisions, the clarification effect increases.

 To increase the effect of water clarification, the water displaced from the working volume is expediently supplied to the lower part of the subsequent volume to reduce the effect of mixing and ejection of already settled particles into the upper part of the liquid. At the same time, the passage of liquid displaced from the first volume in the descending section also works to increase the clarification efficiency, laminar flow conditions are created, the sedimentation of particles started in the ascending section is continued, therefore, in order to obtain the greatest effect, the displaced liquid must be passed first in the ascending and then in the descending section .

 To increase the clarification effect in the upper part of the ascending section, the liquid must be taken from the upper part of the stream, since closer to the surface of the water the concentration of suspended solids is reduced. For the same purpose, it is necessary to regulate the process of water withdrawal in the upper part of the stream according to the volume of the selected fluid.

 The effectiveness of the method of underground clarification of water can be significantly increased in the case of fluid supply to the sludge volume in its lower part in a descending section, and the selection of water from it into the volume of recycled water from the upper part. At the same time, the liquid has time to settle, the “dirty” liquid with the highest concentration of “solid” is fed under the layer of sludge that has already precipitated and does not “stir up” the upper clean liquid layers, which overflow into the volume of circulating water. The volume for the circulating water, it is advisable not to separately perform, and use for this one of the inclined parallel workings located below the accumulating drift.

 To reduce the time for cleaning the sludge volume from sludge, to more accurately determine the time for completion of the sludge pumping operation, as well as to exclude the stirring of the settled liquid, the sludge is selected by pumping it from the bottom of the slurry inclined mine and feeding it to the lower part of the inclined mine working volume.

 The solution to this problem is also ensured by the fact that in the complex for underground thickening of hydraulic mixtures and clarification of water, including parallel inclined workings, the upper parts of which are connected by an accumulating drift, which has a slope for transporting hydraulic mixtures without pressure, a chamber for preparing hydraulic mixtures, a chamber with coal suction pumps and a chamber with slurry conduits , the lower particles of the inclined workings are connected by an additional working having sections with a variable angle of inclination.

 The connection of the lower sections of the additional development instead of performing them with the windows for the release of water and coal in a known solution allows us to realize the main advantage: to abandon a number of additional devices (agitators, exhaust mechanisms, their control and monitoring systems, staff serving them, etc.) , simplify the thickening complex, increase its reliability, reduce cap. maintenance costs, to avoid process shutdowns due to equipment breakdowns, clogging of windows for unloading, etc. The presence of this feature allows the process of thickening, pumping and transportation of the condensed slurry to be carried out continuously, all processes are combined in time and work on each other, so the thickening process intensifies the pumping process, the pumping process intensifies the transportation process and vice versa. The simplicity of the thickening process and its effectiveness reduces the unproductive costs of pumping excess volumes of water, reduces the load on the processing plants, increases the productivity of the technological cycle and reduces the cost of the final product.

 The implementation of additional production areas with a variable angle of inclination allows to increase the efficiency of the process of thickening the slurry and clarifying the water, as described above, as well as to increase the length (path) of the passage of the slurry in a limited volume, because the longer the way out of the same volume of the slurry amount of precipitation. The implementation of areas of additional development with a variable angle allows, therefore, to make the near-shaft yard of the mine more compact, reduce capital costs by reducing the length of the produced workings.

 The end sections of additional production in order to reduce capital costs can be horizontal.

 In the additional development, several sections with a variable angle of inclination can be performed, but at least the presence of one section located between the first two in the direction of the slurry along the accumulating drift by the inclined workings is necessary to implement the proposed method of thickening the slurry and clarifying the water with the above effect.

 A section with a variable angle of inclination located between the inclined workings can be made with at least one upward and one downward sections, i.e. represent a broken line, the top of which can be located in the center. This can be done in order to simplify, to reduce the cost of holding such a site.

 The best option for the location of the peak is such that it is located above the soil level of the lower sections of the inclined workings, such a scheme is the simplest and most effective scheme in which the peak is located below the soil level of the lower sections of the inclined workings, although such a scheme can also be used in any conditions .

 To protect the workings of the near-barrel yard from the hydraulic mixtures flows, partitions are installed at the end sections of the additional workings, and for monitoring and visual inspection, as well as draining part of the liquid, bypasses with gates are made in the partitions if necessary.

 The sections of the additional working adjacent to the inclined workings also have partitions, and partitions made on the boundary of the sections adjacent to the inclined workings, with the exception of sections with a variable angle of inclination, are made blind, and partitions installed on the tops of the sections with a variable angle of inclination are made in the form of gates. This allows you to adjust the flow rate of the selected fluid from the upper part of the upward flow of the hydraulic mixture and to increase the effect of clarification and thickening.

 For the complex to operate efficiently, the suction nozzles of the coal pumps are hydraulically connected to the lower part of the inclined workings, i.e. the pumping out of the slurry is carried out directly in the thickening zone, this ensures the necessary consistency of the slurry in the pipeline and at the bottom of the inclined working out, in order to avoid separation of solid and liquid fractions in the slurry. This separation is fraught with clogging of the suction system.

 For safe and efficient functioning, the complex must contain at least one working fluid into which a hydraulic fluid is poured from the accumulating drift, one slurry, into which, after thickening through a section with a variable angle of inclination, liquid is supplied, one for recycled water and one emergency inclined output.

 To increase the efficiency of the process by reducing mixing, the pressure pipe of the coal suction pump, the suction pipe of which is hydraulically connected to the lower part of the slurry inclined working out, is hydraulically connected to the lower part of the first slurry along the accumulating drift, inclined working out.

 Figure 1 shows a vertical section of an additional output; in FIG. 2 is a plan view of this mine with the inclined mine workings adjacent to it, the coal suction chamber and the pipe chamber; figure 3 schematic flow diagram of the complex.

 The drawing shows parallel inclined workings in the form of workers 1 and 2, slurry 3, for recycled water 4 and emergency 5 volumes. The lower parts of the inclined workings are connected by an additional working 6, having end horizontal sections 7 and sections with a variable angle of inclination, made in the form of a broken line, which, in turn, have ascending 8 and 9 and descending 10 and 11 sections. At the tops of the broken line at the intersection of the ascending and descending sections, partitions 12 and 13 are installed, which can be made adjustable in the form of gates. The additional output 6 is fenced off from the other workings of the roundabout yard by partitions 14 and 15 installed on its end sections 7, in the upper part of which bypass windows 16 with gates are made. Partitions in the additional output 6 are also installed between the sludge volume 3, the volume of recycled water 4 and the emergency volume 5. Below the additional output 6, a chamber 17 with installed carbon suction pumps 18 and a chamber of slurry pipelines 19 are pumped out by pumping the condensed hydraulic mixture from the working volume 1 by working 20 and 21, 22 and 23 and standby 24 and 25, 26 and 27, which work in pairs, one coal sucker in a pair performs the function of retaining, and the other pressure. The suction nozzles of the coal suction pumps are hydraulically connected to the lower part of the inclined working 1. From the working volume 2, the condensed hydraulic mixtures are pumped out by the coal suction workers 28 and 29 and the backup 30 and 31, the suction pipes of which are hydraulically connected to the lower part of the inclined working 2, as well as 3, since these with suction pumps pump out the sludge as the accumulation, and the pressure pipes of the suction pumps 28 and 29 and 30 and 31 are hydraulically communicated from the lower part of the inclined working 1. Pumping clarified water from the inclined working 4 produce coal and: work 32 and backup 33 and 34.

 The method is as follows.

 The mixture of minerals and liquid (hydraulic mixture) enters from the faces and the pulp preparation chamber into the accumulating drift (not shown) and is poured into the working volume 1. Through the soil of production 1, the hydraulic mixture enters the lower part of the inclined mine, where its sharp braking occurs, resulting in particles solid component (pieces) in the slurry precipitate. Accumulating at the bottom, the pieces displace the liquid up. The accumulation of slurry, which on one side abuts against the partition 14, on the other hand begins to rise along the ascending section 8. Under the action of the resulting forces directed against the direction of movement of the slurry along the ascending section 8, solid particles precipitate intensively and fall onto the soil of the ascending section creating a countercurrent of the displaced fluid and increasing the deposition effect. Having reached the partition 12, the slurry again undergoes inhibition, which is another intensifier of the deposition of solid from the slurry. Having reached the upper edge of the septum 12, the liquid begins to overflow on the soil of the descending section 10 of the production 6. Flowing and accumulating in the lower part of the inclined working 2, the sludge (small particles) from the slurry continues to be displaced and the liquid is displaced along the ascending section 9. Having lost a significant part of suspended in particles, the liquid, reaching the upper edge of the partition 13, is poured onto the soil of the descending section 11 and, flowing down, accumulates in the inclined mine 3. Overflowing the water settled in the mine 3 into the mine 4 carries out I through the upper portions of the openings 3 and 4.

 The thickened hydraulic mixture from the lower part of the inclined working 1, with the bottom of which the suction pipes of the workers 20 and 21, 22 and 23 and the backup 24 and 25 and 26 and 27 coal pumps are hydraulically connected, is fed to the surface. Inclined output 2 can also serve as a working volume in case of a large amount of slurry coming from the faces. In this case, the condensed slurry will be pumped to the surface by the coal suction pumps 28 and 29 and the backup 30 and 31. The coal pumps are used commercially available type 12U-10 as a retainer and 14UV-6 as a discharge. The sludge accumulated in the sludge volume 3 is pumped by coal suction pumps 28 and 29 to the lower part of the inclined mine 1 under the layer of the mineral that has precipitated from the hydraulic mixture.

 The clarified water from the volume of circulating water by 4 coal suckers: workers 32 or standby 33 and 34 is fed into the face.

Claims (20)

 1. A method of underground slurry thickening and clarification of water, including pressureless transportation of slurry from the bottom, gravity pouring it from the accumulating drift into volumes made in the form of inclined workings, which, along the course of the slurry along the accumulating drift, are divided into working and slurry, displacing water from the worker volume into the slurry, collecting water into the volume for circulating water and feeding it into the face, thickening the hydraulic mixture in the lower part of the inclined workings by deposition of the solid component from the mixture under the influence of gravitational forces iteration and its transportation to the surface, characterized in that the pumping out of the hydraulic mixture from the lower part of the inclined workings is carried out simultaneously with its thickening, and water is displaced by passing it along the ascending and descending sections connecting the lower parts of the inclined workings.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid displaced from the working volume is subabt to the lower part of the subsequent volume.  3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the displaced liquid is passed first in the ascending and then in the descending sections.  4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at the end of the ascending section, the selection of liquid is carried out in the upper part of the stream.  5. The method according to PP.1 to 4, characterized in that the amount of fluid withdrawn is regulated.  6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the selection of water from the slurry volume into the volume of recycled water is carried out in the upper part of the slurry volume by displacing it.  7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the selection of sludge from the sludge volume is carried out by pumping it from the bottom of the inclined mine and feeding into the lower part of the inclined mine working volume.  8. A complex for underground thickening of slurry and clarification of water, including parallel inclined workings, the upper parts of which are connected by an accumulating drift, sloping for pressureless transportation of slurry along it, a chamber for preparing a condensed slurry, a chamber with coal suction pumps and a chamber with slurry ducts, characterized in that the lower parts of the inclined workings are connected by an additional working having sections with a variable angle of inclination.  9. The complex according to claim 8, characterized in that the end sections of the additional development are horizontal.  10. The complex according to claim 8, characterized in that the plot with a variable angle of inclination is located at least between the first two along the course of the slurry along the accumulating drift of inclined workings.  11. The complex of claim 8, characterized in that the plot with a variable angle is made in the form of a broken line with a vertex in its center.  12. The complex of claims. 8 and 11, characterized in that the peak is located above the soil level of the lower sections of the inclined workings.  13. The complex according to paragraphs. 8 and 9, characterized in that at the end sections of the additional development partitions are made.  14. The complex according to paragraphs 8,9 and 13, characterized in that in the upper part of the partitions are made bypass windows with gates.  15. The complex according to claim 8, characterized in that in the additional development at the border of sections adjacent to the inclined workings, partitions are installed.  16. The complex according to claims 8,11,12 and 15, characterized in that the partitions separating the areas of additional production with a variable angle of inclination are installed on the peaks.  17. The complex according to claims 8,11,12,15 and 16, characterized in that the partitions are made in the form of gates.  18. The complex according to claim 8, characterized in that the suction nozzles of the coal pumps are hydraulically connected to the lower part of the inclined workings.  19. The complex according to claim 8, characterized in that it consists of at least one working, one slurry, one for recycled water and one emergency inclined workings.  20. The complex according to claims 8 and 18, characterized in that the pressure pipe of the coal suction pump, the suction pipe of which is hydraulically connected to the lower part of the slurry mine, is in communication with the lower part of the first slurry along the accumulating drift of the inclined mine.

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