RU2059548C1 - Gate for tank neck - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gate is used for closing tanks with neck, openings in surfaces and pipe-like channels. SUBSTANCE: bottom of gate is made as tapered shell. Hooks are made in the form of stiff projections hard-mounted with bottom. Tapered shell can be convex or concave. Hooks can correspondingly entrap the neck from outside or from inside. EFFECT: simpler design. 5 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to closures and can be used for closing bottles, cans and other containers having a throat, as well as for closing necks, openings in surfaces and tube-shaped channels. In addition, the shutter can be used as a grip to hold objects.

 Known shutter for the tank, containing a flat bottom, hooks for fastening to the neck of the tank and the vacuum chamber, docked to the bottom. The shutter is held in a closed position by reducing the hooks due to deformation of the bottom due to discharge in a vacuum chamber. However, the shutter has a complex structure, there is the possibility of spontaneous uncorking with insufficient tightness of the vacuum chamber, there is no possibility of multiple use of the shutter.

 Also known is a closing device that can be used to close the neck of a container, adopted as a prototype, containing a base and an elastically deformable bottom in the form of a gentle shell fixed centrally to the stem of the shutter base. The base of the device is installed on the neck of the container, and the bottom in its convex state overlaps the passage section of the neck of the container or, in its concave state, forms a gap for the contents of the container to exit.

 However, the known device has the following disadvantages. The device has a complex structure, for access to the contents of the container or inside it, only the gap between the bottom and neck is used, which makes it difficult or impossible for the passage of viscous fluids and large solid objects. The ability to access the inside of the tank for washing, processing, etc. is difficult. It is difficult or impossible to move the device to another container.

 The aim of the invention is to simplify and improve the reliability of the design, increase ease of use while providing the possibility of multiple use of the shutter, as well as expanding the scope of use.

 The invention consists in the following. The shutter for the neck of the tank contains a bottom made in the form of a shallow shell, and hooks for fastening to the neck of the tank in the form of rigid protruding elements rigidly connected to the bottom, while the shallow shell is made convex, and the shape and dimensions of the inner surfaces of the hooks correspond to the shape and dimensions of the outer surfaces of the neck of the tank, or a shallow shell is made concave, and the shape and dimensions of the outer surfaces of the hooks correspond to the shape and dimensions of the inner surfaces of the neck of the tank. In addition, the shallow shell is made elastic, an annular thickening is made along the edge of the shallow shell, and the hooks are located on one of the surfaces of the shallow shell or along the edge of the shallow shell. In addition, a cylindrical or conical wall is made on the inner surface of the shallow shell, the outer dimensions of which correspond to the inner dimensions of the neck of the container.

 The execution of the bottom of the shutter in the form of a convex or concave shell, especially axisymmetric, gives it the properties of a dome, the arch of which works well for resistance to external forces, especially distributed. At the same time, the shells have the ability to “snap”, i.e. to spasmodic or smooth, depending on the properties of the material of which the shell is made, a change in the curvature to the opposite without breaking the shell, if the external force exceeds a certain critical value, after which the shell loses stability. For concentrated forces, the critical value at which “clicking” occurs is lower than for distributed ones.

 The execution of the bottom in the form of a shallow shell gives it the possibility of complete “snapping”, that is, the bottom is completely “turned inside out”, the whole bottom to the edges changes the sign of curvature to the opposite. The convex bottom becomes concave, the concave convex. In this regard, both the bottom surface and its edges, when "clicked", are rotated by a certain angle relative to their initial position, and since hooks are rigidly connected to it at the bottom, they also rotate together with the bottom relative to their initial position.

 In the closed position, the hooks in the form of protruding elements interact with the neck and hold the shutter. When opening, the user acts with force on the bottom of the shutter and “clicks” it, so that the hooks turn and go out of interaction with the neck, ceasing to hold the shutter.

 Due to the fact that the hooks are rigid and rigidly connected to the bottom, their position and interaction with the neck are completely determined by the state of the bottom, whether it is “snapped” or not “snapped”. Due to the fact that the hooks are rigid and rigidly connected to the bottom, the force and moment from the interaction of the hooks with the neck are completely transmitted to the bottom dome.

 In order to enable the shutter to be removed, the curvature of the bottom shell should, when "clicked", provide a sufficient angle of rotation of the hooks. The stability of the bottom dome from punching and “snapping”, provided by the curvature and rigidity of the bottom dome wall, must be sufficient to withstand the forces and moments transmitted from the hooks during operation with the shutter closed.

 The force of interaction of the hooks with the neck is selected from the condition of reliable closing of the neck.

 The execution of the bottom of the shutter elastic allows it to restore its original dome-shaped shape after "clicking" and makes it possible to reuse the shutter.

 Performing an annular thickening along the bottom edge improves the stability of the bottom dome from “snapping”. The annular thickening here works as a supporting frame.

 The bottom can be made convex, and in this case, the hooks, holding the bolt, cover the neck outside. When “snapping”, the bottom bends inward, the hooks open outward, disengaging from the throat, and stop holding the shutter on the throat. Or the bottom is concave, the hooks go inside the neck and, holding the bolt, catch on the neck from the inside. When “snapping”, the bottom bends outward, the hooks retract inward, out of engagement with the neck, and cease to hold the shutter on the neck.

 Figure 1 shows the design of the shutter with a convex bottom for a container in the form of a bottle, in section; figure 2 the design of the shutter with a convex bottom for capacity in the form of a bottle, top view; figure 3 the design of the shutter with a conical bottom for the container in the form of a bottle, in a section; figure 4 the design of the shutter with a conical bottom for the capacity in the form of a bottle, top view; figure 5 the design of the shutter with a concave bottom for the capacity in the form of a bottle, in a section; in FIG. 6 design of a shutter with a concave bottom for a bottle-shaped container, bottom view; 7, the design of the shutter closing the tube-shaped channel.

 The shutter for the case of closing the container in the form of a bottle (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) or the case of closing the tube-like channel (Fig. 7) contains a bottom 1 on which hooks 2 are made, holding the shutter on the neck of the bottle 3 or in a pipe-like channel.

 The bottom is convex, i.e. curved from the bottle (figures 1 and 3) or the bottom is concave, i.e. curved to the bottle (figure 5).

 The bottom may take the form of an element of a sphere (Figs. 1 and 5), a cone (Fig. 3), an ellipsoid, etc. etc. The bottom is the same thickness everywhere (Fig. 3) or an annular thickening is performed along the bottom edge 4. The annular thickening 4 is made in the form of a distinct ring (Figs. 1 and 5) or gradually increasing from the center of the bottom to the edge (Fig. 7). Thickening is carried out integrally with the bottom or joined by welding, soldering, adhesive, etc.

 Hooks 2 can be made integrally with the bottom or attached to the bottom by soldering, welding, gluing, etc.

 Hooks are located along the edge of the bottom and can be its continuation (figure 1) or on one of its surfaces top (figure 3) or bottom (figure 5), with the exception of the center of the bottom.

 Hooks are made in the form of hard protruding elements, the shape of which allows them to interact with the throat. The hooks can be flat (figure 1), rod-shaped (figure 3 and 5), rib-shaped, etc.

 The hooks 2 cover the throat 3 from the outside (FIGS. 1 and 3) and, with their internal surfaces, are fully or partially in contact with the throat. Or hooks 2 go inside the throat (Fig. 5) and, with their external surfaces, are fully or partially in contact with the throat.

 The hooks 2 in the closed state of the shutter are held by the protrusions 5 on the neck of the bottle 3. The hooks can also be held directly by the walls of the throat 3, if the throat has a conical shape and its taper is combined with the grip of the shutter, and can also be retained by the introduction of sharp edges and protrusions into the material walls, on friction or due to adhesive bonding that breaks down when uncorked.

 At the ends of the hooks, bevels 6 are made (Fig. 3) to facilitate putting the bolt on the throat.

 The strength properties of the material and the thickness of the hooks are selected in such a way as to provide the necessary rigidity of the hooks. The rigidity of the hooks should be sufficient to keep the shutter closed when all operating loads corresponding to the closed position of the shutter.

 If the bottom 1 has an annular thickening 4, the hooks 2 can be located on the annular thickening 4.

 On the inner bottom surface of the bottle, an annular wall 7 (Fig. 3) is made, which enters the throat 3, increasing the tightness of clogging. The wall has the form of a cylindrical or conical ring. Wall 7 may have a tapered or spherical edge to facilitate entry into the throat. Tightness is created by pressing the wall 7 to the inner surface of the throat 3 due to the elasticity of the wall or internal pressure in the bottle.

 As a sealing element, an annular gasket 8 can be used, clamped between the shutter and the edge of the throat (Fig. 1). A whisker seal 9 may also be used with a thin annular protrusion, the sharp edge of which is directed toward higher pressure, FIG. 5.

 In case the bottom of the shutter is concave or the access to the shutter is opened from its concave side, a handle 10 may be made at the bottom to facilitate opening the shutter (Fig. 5).

 The proposed valve works both in the absence of a differential pressure on it, and in the presence of a differential. At overpressure in the bottle, a stopper with a convex bottom is used, at reduced pressure with a concave. However, with sufficient stability of the dome of the bottom from "snapping" can be vice versa.

 The shutter can be used both in a sealed version and in a version that does not provide tightness, and with a gap between the bottom and throat. This type of shutter is applicable, for example, to prevent large granules, tablets, etc. from spilling out of the bottle.

 You can use the proposed shutter in combination with other caps and plugs.

 The shutter is designed to close openings in surfaces or to block pipe-like channels and its operation is similar to a shutter with a concave bottom. In this case, it is attached to the inner surface of the pipe-like channel or to the ribs or edges of the opening.

 The shutter for closing openings in surfaces as an option is performed similarly to the shutter in Fig.5. In this case, the hooks 2 are held by the edges of the opening. The interaction of the hooks with the edges of the opening is similar to their interaction with the protrusions 5.

 The shutter for closing the tube-shaped channels (Fig. 7) has hooks 2 interacting with the inner surface of the channel 11. The shutter is held in the channel due to friction between the hooks and the surface of the channel 11, either by cutting sharp edges of the hooks into the surface of the channel 11, or due to sticking etc.

 In order for the hooks 2 to “snap” out of engagement with the surface of the channel 11, the contact zone of the hooks 2 with the surface of the channel 11 should be shifted from the attachment points of the hooks at the bottom of the shutter in the direction of convexity of the bottom of the shutter.

 To enable the shutter to be removed when approaching it from the concave side, a handle 10 is carried out on its bottom from the concave side. A flexible sealing sleeve 12 is installed on the shutter to seal the passage cross-section through the shutter.

 The gates are made of elastic or plastic materials with a sufficient degree of rigidity to ensure stability of the bottom dome under operational loads. Plastic material is taken for single-use valves, which become unusable after opening, and elastic material for multiple-use valves. For the manufacture of valves, metals, plastics, etc. can be used. (aluminum, steel, nylon, polyethylene, rubber, etc.).

 The shutter operates as follows.

 Before putting the shutter on the throat 3 to clog the bottle, closing the opening or closing the tube-like channel, the shutter is brought into the open position. To bring the shutter to the open position, the dome of the shutter bottom is “clicked”.

 At the shutter, which hooks 2 of the bottleneck outside, the hooks are unclenched, parted outwards and the shutter gets the opportunity to sit on the throat with its seats, covering it. At the shutter, in which the hooks 2 go inside the throat, opening or the tube-like channel, the hooks are compressed, reduced inside and the shutter gets the opportunity to sit with their seats on the throat or opening, placing the clamps inside them, or enter the pipe-like channel. In the open position, the shutter slides over the throat.

 In the presence of an annular wall 7, it is inserted into the throat. If there is a gasket 8, it is placed under the shutter, sealing the connection.

 After putting on the shutter, it is brought into the closed position. At the same time, the dome of the shutter bottom is also “snapped”. The hooks 2 are brought into contact with the throat 3 and grab the throat from the outside (FIGS. 1 and 3), or catch on the throat, the edges of the opening or the surface of the channel from the inside (FIGS. 5 and 7). In the closed position, the shutter is firmly held on the throat, in the opening or channel.

 The shutter is brought into the open and closed positions by acting on the dome of the bottom 1 of the shutter or on the hooks 2, for example, by mechanical pressure, differential pressure, electromagnetic action, etc.

 Elements can be made on the shutter or on the throat to facilitate putting on the shutter, for example, bevels 6 or a feed cone on the throat as in FIG. 5. In this case, putting on the shutter can be done without first bringing the shutter to the open position.

 Bringing the shutter to the closed position can occur automatically due to the elasticity of the bottom of the shutter.

 As an option, donning a shutter with crimping is possible. In this case, in the initial position of the shutter, the dome of the bottom 1 is not fully molded, and the hooks are in the "open" state and allow the shutter to be installed on the throat 3. After putting the shutter on the throat 3, the dome of the shutter bottom 1 is finally molded, possibly with plastic deformation , as a result of which the hooks 2 turn to the Closed state and begin to hold firmly to the throat. The formation of the dome bottom 1 of the shutter can be produced, for example, by electromagnetic, mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic pressing.

 After closing the shutter, it is possible to carry out additional operations in order to increase the tightness and reliability of clogging, increase the attractiveness of the appearance, prevent unauthorized opening, etc. for example, install additional protective or decorative caps, rings, sealing wax, etc. As a means of signaling an unauthorized opening of the bottle, a brittle coating can be applied to the bottom dome 1, which breaks when uncorked due to the “snap” of the bottom dome.

 When a bottle is clogged, its internal cavity can be inflated or a vacuum can be created in it, which, among other things, can serve as a means of signaling an unauthorized opening or loss of tightness. The control is done by lightly pressing the shutter bottom 1 dome without “clicking”.

 Uncorking the bottle and removing the shutter is as follows.

 If the bottom 1 of the shutter is convex, then the bottom 1 is pressed, for example, with the finger of your hand, or it is struck with a force sufficient to “click” the bottom inward. When you click, the hooks 2 open and, coming out of the mesh, stop holding the bolt on the throat 3. After that, the bolt is removed from the throat. The bottle is uncorked.

 If the bottom 1 of the shutter is concave, then the bottom 1 is “snapped” outward, for example, by pressing on the handle 10. In this case, the hooks 2 are compressed inward and, coming out of the mesh, stop holding the shutter on the throat, in the opening or channel. After that, the shutter is removed. The bottle is uncorked or an opening or tube-shaped channel is open.

 If the bottle is pressurized or a vacuum is created in it, then in order to facilitate opening, the pressure in the bottle can be equalized with the ambient pressure by depressurization by piercing the shutter, breaking off the hollow "horn" performed on the shutter, etc.

 If the bottom 1 of the shutter is elastic and when the shutter is uncorked, it is not rendered unusable, then the shutter can be used to re-close it. Reuse of the shutter is carried out as described above.

 The shutter can be made to capture and hold an object or by an object (eg neck) from the outside. In this case, the hooks face their stubborn surfaces, with which they interact with the object, inward. In order for the hooks to “snap” the bottom out of the interaction with the object held outside, the hooks are shaped so that their thrust surfaces are at the levels (relative to the convexity of the bottom) of the fastening points of the corresponding hooks at the bottom of the bolt . In this embodiment, the hooks holding the bolt capture the neck from the outside. When the bottom is “clicked”, the hooks open outward, disengage from the object (neck) and stop holding the shutter on the object.

 Or the shutter can be made to capture an object or by an object (for example, a neck, aperture or a tube-shaped channel) from the inside. In this case, the hooks are facing outward with their thrust surfaces. In order for the hooks to “snap” the bottom out of the interaction with the object held from the inside, the hooks are shaped so that their thrust surfaces are located at levels that are relative to the level of convexity of the hooks at the bottom of the shutter in the direction (direction) of the bottom convexity. In this embodiment, the hooks go inside the neck, opening or pipe-like channel and, holding the shutter, engage from the inside. Poi "clicking" the hooks are retracted inward, out of engagement with the subject (neck, opening, channel), and cease to hold the shutter on the subject.

 The present invention allows to produce both disposable closures for packaging products supplied in containers and reusable closures for continuous long-term use, for example, at home.

 When using the shutter as a grip to hold objects, the shutter functions similarly. Instead of the neck, in this case, the capture is carried out for the object itself or its element, or the capture of the object is carried out for the opening or pipe-shaped channel available to the object.

Claims (6)

 1. LOCK FOR THE NECK OF THE TANK, containing the bottom in the form of a shallow shell, characterized in that the bottom has rigid and rigidly connected to the bottom hooks for fastening to the neck of the tank in the form of protruding elements, while the shallow shell is made convex, and the shape and dimensions of the inner the surfaces of the hooks correspond to the shape and dimensions of the outer surfaces of the neck of the container or the shallow shell is made concave, and the shape and dimensions of the outer surfaces of the hooks correspond to the shape and dimensions of the inner surfaces of the neck e bones.  2. The shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the gently sloping shell is made elastic.  3. The shutter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an annular thickening is made along the edge of the shallow shell.  4. The shutter according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, characterized in that the hooks are located on one of the surfaces of the shallow shell.  5. The shutter according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, characterized in that the hooks are located on the edge of the gentle shell.  6. The shutter according to claim 4, characterized in that a cylindrical or conical wall is made on the inner surface of the shallow shell, the outer dimensions of which correspond to the inner dimensions of the neck of the container.

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