RU2052169C1 - Device for producing tribochemical conditions in lubricating system of mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: mounted in spaced relation of filter element is perforated cylindrical holder with wells for alkali reagent; height of holder corresponds to height of filter element; wells of holder are made in form of longitudinal passages or in form of isolated cells whose apertures are closed with detachable cylindrical perforated casing. Filter element contains iodide. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to circulating lubrication systems of mechanisms and engines, mainly internal combustion engines.

 To stabilize the properties of motor oil and extend the life of friction pairs of mechanisms, devices have been created in which a special tribochemical regime is created by using a prolonged-action alkaline reagent and iodine. The organization of such a regime in the lubrication system of the mechanism extends the life of the engine oil by 3-8 times, and also increases the overhaul life of the mechanism by 1.5-3 times.

 A device is known for creating a tribochemical regime in a lubrication system of a mechanism, comprising a housing, a cover with inlet openings and an outlet fitting for oil inlet and outlet, respectively, an overflow valve, a tribochemical package, and an indicator of the degree of contamination of the device. The tribochemical package consists of two covers, between which are installed three cylindrical shells, perforated holes for the passage of oil. The shells of smaller and medium diameters are covered with filter material. A granular alkaline reagent is placed between the shells of large and medium diameters. The filter medium of the shell of a smaller diameter is saturated with iodine. The degree of contamination indicator is mechanically connected to the bypass valve and shows the moment of its opening. In addition to these elements, the device contains a volumetric filter element mounted on the shell of a large diameter.

 When the device is operating, oil from the peripheral part of the housing first enters the filter element. The oil purified from mechanical impurities passes through the holes of a large diameter shell and enters the alkaline reagent, partially dissolving the latter. At the same time, there is an improvement in a number of oil indicators and their stabilization. Next, the oil enters the filter medium of a medium-diameter shell, where it is further purified, including from small particles of an alkaline reagent. Acting then on the filter material of the shell of small diameter, the oil comes into contact with iodine. As a result of this, a further improvement in the oil property and the formation of a friction modifier occur.

 Thus, this device provides the creation of a tribochemical regime in the lubrication system of the working mechanism and is able, by the number of reagents present in it, to maintain it for a long time. However, its peculiarity lies in the fact that the tribochemical package occupies a large part of the body volume, as a result of which a small space remains to accommodate the filter element. For this reason, it has a small filtering surface area and, therefore, low dirt holding capacity. The dirt capacity of such a filter element is significantly less than the dirt capacity of a standard full-flow oil filter element. When using this device, continuous monitoring of the degree of contamination by means of an indicator is required. The tribochemical bag and filter element have very different durations of continuous operation. The inability to use standard filtering elements in this device complicates the technology of its manufacture. Thus, this device has a complex structure and manufacturing technology, it is difficult to operate.

 More perfect and simple is a device for creating a tribochemical regime in the lubrication system of the mechanism, containing a full-flow standard corrugated filter element, iodine, which impregnated the inner surface of the filter element, and an alkaline reagent. An alkaline reagent is applied to metal walls installed in some corrugations along the perimeter of the outer surface of the filter element. The height of the rods is equal to the height of the filter element. The rods are held in the corrugations using wire ties or due to friction forces. A protective cover is placed on the filter element with the rods to prevent splintering fragments of alkaline reagent from entering the lubrication system of the mechanism. The amount of alkaline reagent and iodine placed in the device is designed to ensure the maintenance of the tribochemical regime for a time comparable to or longer than the continuous operation of the filter element.

 The operation of this device is basically similar to the operation of the device discussed above. In this case, due to the use of a standard filter element having a large dirt capacity, there is no need to control the degree of contamination and the pollution indicator itself. This simplifies the design and manufacturing technology of this device compared to the device discussed above.

 However, rods with an alkaline reagent deposited on them, installed inside some of the corrugations of the filter element, close these corrugations for the passage of oil and turn them off from work. This significantly increases the hydraulic resistance of the device and reduces the actual time of continuous operation of the filter element in comparison with the calculated one. For this reason, at the time of changing the filter element, part of the alkaline reagent and iodine remain unused. In addition, there is a real danger of damage to the filter element by rods with an alkaline reagent. All this taken together complicates the operation of this device.

 The aim of the invention is to develop the design of a device for creating a tribochemical regime in the lubrication system of the mechanism, in which the alkaline reagent would be placed so that its mechanical contact with the filter element is eliminated, thereby eliminating the increase in hydraulic resistance of the device, eliminating the reduction in the actual duration of the continuous operation of the filter element and the possibility of mechanical damage.

 This is solved by the fact that the proposed device for creating a tribochemical regime in the lubrication system of the mechanism, containing a full-flow oil filter element, as well as an alkaline reagent and iodine located outside and inside the specified filter element, respectively, in which the new one on the filter element with a ring with a gap relative to it, a perforated cylindrical ferrule with pockets for accommodating an alkaline reagent is installed, while the total volume of the ferrule pockets corresponds to the alkali volume reagent necessary to maintain the tribochemical regime during the continuous operation of the filter element.

 This placement of the alkaline reagent eliminates any mechanical or hydraulic effect of the reagent on the filter element. At the same time, by the end of the continuous operation of the filter element and its change, the alkaline reagent and iodine placed in the device are completely consumed. All this simplifies the operation of the device, increases the reliability and safety of its operation.

 Also new is the fact that the height of the cartridge corresponds to the height of the filter element.

 This solution ensures uniform placement of the alkaline reagent at the height of the device and the uniformity of its impact on the flow of processed oil.

 Also new is the fact that the pockets of the cage can be made in the form of longitudinal channels.

 This embodiment of the pockets is advisable when using an alkaline reagent in the form of rods. The placement of the alkaline reagent rods in the channels made in the cage is the most simple and reliable from the point of view of the manufacturing technology and operation of the device.

 In addition, it is new that the pockets of the cage can be made in the form of isolated from each other cells, the openings of which are closed by a removable cylindrical perforated casing.

 This embodiment of the pockets is advisable when using a granular alkaline reagent. This solution provides a uniform distribution of alkaline reagent throughout the device and its fixation in this position throughout the entire operation time. Dividing the total volume of the reagent into portions isolated from each other reduces the likelihood of sintering of the granules of the reagent and simplifies the process of loading the granular reagent into the device.

 Below is a description of embodiments of the invention, confirming the possibility of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 schematically shows one embodiment of a device for creating a tribochemical regime in the lubrication system of a mechanism according to the invention, general view; in FIG. 2 the cross section of FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 another embodiment of the device; in FIG. 4 the cross section of FIG. 3.

 The device comprises a full-flow oil filter element 1 and a cylindrical ferrule 2 with pockets 3 for accommodating an alkaline reagent. The total volume of the pockets 3 of the holder 2 corresponds to the volume of alkaline reagent necessary to maintain the tribochemical regime for the continuous operation of the filter element 2. The inside of the filter element 1 is impregnated with iodine. The clip 2 has a height equal to the height of the filter element 1 and is mounted on it with an annular gap 4, the value of which is selected to avoid the possibility of additional hydraulic resistance. The annular gap 4 is fixed by two centering washers 5. The holder 2 is perforated with holes 6 for oil passage. The total area of the bore holes 6 is sufficient for free passage of oil.

 The embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 1 and 2, is intended for use with an alkaline reagent in the form of rods 7. In this case, the pockets 3 for accommodating the alkaline reagent are made in the form of longitudinal channels.

 The embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 3 and 4, is intended for use with an alkaline reagent in the form of granules 8. In this case, the pockets 3 for accommodating the alkaline reagent are made in the form of cells 9, separated from each other by partitions 10. The openings of the cells 9 are closed with a removable casing 11, perforated with holes 6 for oil passage identical to the holes 6 of the clip 2.

 The simplicity of the design of the device and the high manufacturability are achieved by the fact that the device is based on a serial full-flow oil filter designed for a specific model of the engine or mechanism, and for it, a cartridge variant 2 is designed and manufactured to accommodate the selected type of alkaline reagent.

 The clip 2 is made of oil-resistant material, such as aluminum foil or perforated cardboard. The presence of pockets 3, the total volume of which is designed to accommodate a certain volume of alkaline reagent, greatly simplifies the operation of charging the device with an alkaline reagent. When using an alkaline reagent in the form of rods 7, they are simply inserted into the pockets 3 without any fixation. When using an alkaline reagent in the form of granules 8, they fit into the cells 10 of the holder 2. As the cells 2 are filled, their openings are closed by a cylindrical perforated casing 11. The holder 2, equipped with an alkaline reagent, is installed with an annular gap 4 on the filter element 1 and fixed on it with centering washers 5. Centering washers 5 are located on the ends of the cage 2 and the filter element 1.

 The placement of iodine in the device is carried out by impregnating the inside of the filter element 1 with its solution, or by sublimation of iodine, or by installing a special iodine carrier in the cavity of the filter element 1. The amount of iodine placed is determined by the amount of alkaline reagent.

 The equipped device is packed in a plastic bag and sealed in it. In this form, devices can be stored for a long time.

 When using the device, it is installed in the oil filter housing (not shown in the drawings) in place of the standard filter element. During operation, oil from the engine enters the cavity between the filter housing and the device. In the device, the oil through the holes 6 enters the alkaline reagent in the form of rods 7 (Fig. 1 and 2) or granules 8 (Fig. 3 and 4). When the oil interacts with an alkaline reagent, it partially dissolves, the carboxylic acids contained in the oil are neutralized, and its alkaline number increases. Then the oil leaves through the openings 6 of the holder 2 into the gap 4 and enters the filter element 1. Passing through the filter element 1, the oil is cleaned of mechanical impurities and partially dissolves a certain amount of iodine. In a filtered and heated oil with dissolved additives, a tribochemical regime arises and is maintained, leading to the restoration of oxide forms of the lubricant and the formation of friction modifiers. Further, the oil leaves the oil filter housing and enters the cylinder-piston group of the engine. Due to the presence of friction modifiers in the oil, a metal-clad film is created on the friction surfaces of the cylinder-piston group. This allows you to restore the wear of friction pairs and increase their corrosion resistance, as well as reduce the coefficient of friction, which significantly increases the engine resource.

 The proposed device for creating a tribochemical regime in the lubrication system of the mechanism can be used in mechanisms with circulating lubrication systems having loaded friction pairs or combustion chambers, for example, in compressors, large presses, internal combustion engines. Given the features of these mechanisms, the most promising is the use of the device in automotive diesel engines. The device is universal, because it can be implemented on the basis of any serial oil filter element. The device is simple in design and high-tech to manufacture. It is reliable and easy to operate. The device does not create any additional problems with its disposal, because by the time the filter element expires, the alkaline reagent and iodine in the device are fully activated.

Claims (4)

 1. DEVICE FOR CREATING A TRIBOCHEMICAL MODE IN THE MECHANISM LUBRICATION SYSTEM, containing a full-flow oil filter element, as well as an alkaline reagent and iodine located outside and inside the specified filter element, respectively, characterized in that a perforated cylindrical filter element with a circular gap relative to it is installed a clip with pockets for accommodating an alkaline reagent, while the total volume of pockets of the clip corresponds to the amount of alkaline reagent needed to maintain tribochemical regime during the continuous operation of the filter element.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the height of the cartridge corresponds to the height of the filter element.  3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pockets of the clip are made in the form of longitudinal channels.  4. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the pockets of the cage are made in the form of isolated from each other cells, the openings of which are closed by a removable cylindrical perforated casing.

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