RU2052019C1 - Aseismic foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil engineering. SUBSTANCE: aseismic foundation has a round tank filled with a liquid, and support structure in the form of round plate with an aperture in the center. The plate rests on a projection formed on tank wall. Elastic seal is placed over the plate and in the gap between the plate and the tank. A mechanism is placed in the tank to impart rotary motion to the liquid. EFFECT: aseismic structure. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the construction, namely, the construction of the foundations of buildings, structures, erected on heterogeneous soils in areas with high seismicity.

The well-known foundation of buildings, structures, including located in the compensating sludge backfill between the building, structure and foundation, a chamber with a shell filled with a working medium [1]
The disadvantages of this foundation are the lack of self-regulation and unreliable stabilization of the position of the structure during precipitation of the base.

Closest to the proposed foundation is a prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation of buildings and structures, including a hollow body made with reinforced concrete, separated from each other elastic gaskets, glasses, and the shock-absorbing device is made in the form of tanks located under the bottom, the cavity of which is connected to the atmosphere by vertical tubes with float valves [2]
The disadvantage of this technical solution is that with vertical seismic impacts, the stability of the structure is not ensured due to the lack of vertically damping capabilities due to the large inertia in operation. This is due to the fact that during vertical impacts, due to the small cross section of the vertical tube, the volume of the shock absorber changes insignificantly, as a result of which the shock absorber retains almost initial stiffness and does not provide shock absorption from the shock.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the stability of the structure from seismic effects.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the earthquake-resistant foundation of buildings and structures, including the casing in the form of a tank open upwards, the walls of which are made with a step on the inside, a shock-absorbing device in the form of a waterproof elastic casing filled with working fluid and placed at the bottom of the tank, the supporting structure in in the form of a round plate with a central opening located in the housing with a gap relative to its walls, and an elastic gasket placed in the gap, the protrusion of which is brought under the plate in zone e bearing on the ledge of the tank.

 The invention differs from the prototype in that the tank and the casing are made circular in plan, the working fluid filling the casing has a free surface, the supporting structure is made in the form of a circular horizontal plate with a central opening and is supported by a ledge of the tank wall, and the shock-absorbing device is equipped with a coaxial tank placed in the casing a mechanism informing the working fluid of rotational motion, which is connected to an electric drive connected to the seismic sensor.

 These differences allow us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

 Signs that distinguish the invention from the prototype, are not identified in other technical solutions in the study of this and related technical field and, therefore, ensure compliance with the criterion of "significant differences".

 Figure 1 shows the proposed foundation, section (working condition); figure 2 is a view along arrow A in figure 1; figure 3 is a section of the foundation in working condition with horizontal influences; figure 4 is the same with vertical influences; figure 5 section bb in figure 6; figure 6 mechanism, top view.

 The earthquake-resistant foundation is a round tank made of a monolithic reinforced concrete building 1 and a supporting structure in the form of a round plate 2 with an opening in the center 3. An elastic gasket 4 is placed in the gap between the tank body and the supporting structure 4. A waterproof elastic casing 5 filled with working fluid is arranged in the tank, for example water. The voids of the supporting structure are filled with a lightweight floating substance. In the central part of the reservoir, a working fluid rotation mechanism is arranged, consisting of a turbine 7, flow channels 8, exhaust grooves 9. The rotation mechanism is equipped with an electric drive 10 connected to the seismic sensor 11.

 The principle of operation of the proposed foundation is as follows.

 From the signal of the seismic sensor, which is triggered by seismic, relatively weak impacts, the electric drive of the turbine is automatically turned on, which is arranged on a monolithic, reinforced concrete casing, which is part of the bottom of the tank 1, where the turbine rotor rotates. By rotating the blades in the casing, water is pumped into the channels, the amount of which can be different depending on the size of the tank. From the flow channels, the working fluid under pressure is injected into the tank through the outlet grooves in the direction of rotation of the turbine, as a result of which the working fluid is given a rotational movement. The rotation mechanism stops after the final calming of the earth's crust. A large mass of water, having a certain angular velocity, acts as a gyroscope for construction. During rotation, the water mass tends to the outer side of the tank, forming a funnel under the opening of the supporting structure in the center and creates a certain decentralized pressure vertically upwards, which naturally leads to lowering the center of gravity of the structure. With horizontal seismic action, the indicated pressure redistributes, disappears on the side opposite from the shock and increases from the side of the shock. The tendency of vertical circular motion around the newly formed axis is formed for the structure and the supporting structure at the place of balancing the redistributed vertical pressure force of the working fluid and the gravity of the erected structure at the base plate as a whole (point "O", see Fig. 3). The horizontal component of the forces imparting the structure and the supporting structure as a whole to vertical circular motion is distributed over the entire height of the structure in the form of a triangular diagram and counteracts the inertial force that tends to overturn the structure towards the source of horizontal impact, which is also distributed throughout the height of the structure in the form of a triangular diagram forces of opposite importance, i.e., eliminates the vertical bending of the structure and the need for costly achievement of high qualities of flexibility of structural elements. The difference in the time of formation of the two plots is compensated by a rubber ring around the supporting structure.

 With a decrease in the area of pressure of the working fluid forces on the supporting structure due to a horizontal push, the structure can also drop vertically with a relatively large force and amplitude of the push, additionally lowering the center of gravity and giving these additional stability to the structure. The effect of self-regulation of the level of the center of gravity, therefore, and the degree of stability of the structure, depending on the magnitude of the shock force, is obvious. In addition, the shock force is partially extinguished on the tank itself by inertial counteraction of the mass of the working fluid.

 With vertical shocks, the working fluid with resistance is compressed between the bottom of the tank and the supporting structure due to the slow filling of its funnel and can calm large vertical vibrations, the maximum amplitude of which in a critical case can reach up to 0.5 m.

 Depending on the mass of the structure with the disk supporting structure as a whole, the radius of the tank and the angular velocity of rotation of the working fluid are calculated accordingly. Therefore, in each case, a vertically shock-absorbing system is created with strictly corresponding necessary rigidity, i.e. vertical stiffness of the foundation can be adjusted by changing the angular velocity of the working fluid.

υ²2πυdυ

где Р масса строения и опорной плиты в целом;
γ удельный вес рабочей жидкости;
R радиус резервуара;
ω угловая скорость вращения рабочей жидкости.The formula for the relationship between the mass of the structure and the base plate as a whole, the radius of the pool and the angular velocity of the working fluid in the pool
P

υ ² 2πυdυ

where P is the mass of the structure and the base plate as a whole;
γ specific gravity of the working fluid;
R is the radius of the tank;
ω angular velocity of rotation of the working fluid.

 The proposed earthquake-resistant foundation with its design feature allows the construction of buildings and structures on soils non-uniform in the vertical section and in soils with a relatively lower vertical resistivity.

 The proposed earthquake-resistant foundation can be used with standard and individual designs of all single-housing high-rise residential buildings, hotels and other structures of industrial structures. It is especially ideal for nuclear power plants, since an insignificant part of the generated energy can have a continuously rotating working fluid, which can be simultaneously used for the plant’s technological needs, such as closed loop reactor cooling, which limits the plant’s harmful emissions into the environment.

Claims (1)

 SEISMIC RESISTANCE BASE, comprising a housing in the form of a tank open upwards, the walls of which are made with a ledge on the inside, a shock-absorbing device in the form of a waterproof elastic casing filled with a working fluid and placed at the bottom of the tank, a support structure located in the housing with a gap relative to its walls, and an elastic gasket located in the gap, characterized in that the reservoir and the casing are made round in plan, the working fluid filling the casing has a free surface supporting The instruction is made in the form of a round horizontal plate with a central opening and supported on a ledge of the tank wall, and the elastic gasket is made in the form of a rubber ring with a protrusion brought under the plate in the zone of its support, while the shock-absorbing device is equipped with a mechanism coaxial with the tank that communicates with the tank and communicates fluid rotational movement, which is connected to an electric drive connected to the seismic sensor.

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