RU205054U1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE DEPTH OF TILLAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural equipment and can be used to control the quality of soil cultivation by tillage machines. The technical result of the utility model is to provide the possibility of detailed mapping of the measurement results obtained in the process of monitoring the depth of soil cultivation in different parts of the field, and to increase the measurement accuracy. The device for determining the depth of soil cultivation contains a device 1 for rigidly attaching the device to the frame of a tillage machine, a rotary mechanism 2 connected by means of a bracket 3 to a wheel 4, a sensor 5 for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket when deepening the working bodies of a tillage machine into the soil, an electronic control unit with a satellite receiver of geographical coordinates 6, connected with the sensor 5 for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket 3. The device provides the ability to create maps of the depth of processing of individual sections of the field. The use of maps of the depth of processing fields in agricultural production allows you to control the quality of the work of machine operators and investigate the reasons for the decline in yield. 2 c.p. f-ly, 4 dwg.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural equipment and can be used to control the quality of soil cultivation by tillage machines with working bodies rigidly fixed to the frame.

Known methods and means of controlling the depth of tillage by measuring the depth of the working bodies when testing tillage machines and tools (STO AIST 4.4-2010 Tests of agricultural machinery. Machines and tools for tillage in orchards, vineyards, hops and berries. Methods for assessing functional indicators. Introduced 15. 09. 2011. - Moscow: Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Rosinformagrotech". Status: active).

Measurement of the tillage depth is carried out in the direction of the tillage machine using a ruler, a probe (depth gauge) along the trail of each working body with an interval of at least 0.5 m. The number of measurements is at least 25 for each working body. The results of the experiments are processed and the depth of soil cultivation is judged by the average depth of travel of the working bodies of the tillage machine.

The disadvantage of such methods and means is the laboriousness of the process of obtaining information about the depth of soil cultivation and the impossibility of mapping the measurement results in different parts of the field.

The closest to the claimed technical solution is a device for determining the depth of travel of the working bodies of tillage machines and tools (Patent for utility model RU No. 102108, IPC G01B 13/00, publ. 10.02.2011, bull. No. 4).

The device contains means for rigidly attaching the device to the frame of the tillage machine, a rotary mechanism with an angle measurement sensor, connected by means of a bracket to a wheel equipped with a sensor for measuring the path. The depth of tillage is determined by the value of the angle of rotation of the bracket when the working bodies are deepened into the soil and the wheel moves along the soil surface.

The disadvantages of this device are as follows.

1. It is not possible to map the depth of tillage in different parts of the field.

2. During the movement of the device as part of the tillage machine (implement), when hitting obstacles and inertial separation of the wheel from the soil, false data about the depth of soil cultivation are generated.

The technical result of the utility model is to provide the possibility of detailed mapping of the measurement results obtained in the process of monitoring the depth of soil cultivation in different parts of the field, and to increase the measurement accuracy.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a device for measuring the depth of tillage, rigidly fixed on the frame of the tillage machine and having a swivel mechanism connected by means of a bracket to a wheel, a sensor for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket when deepening the working bodies of the tillage machine into the soil, according to the claimed technical solution, the device is equipped with an electronic control unit (ECU) with a satellite receiver of geographic coordinates associated with a sensor for measuring the angle of the bracket.

The sensor for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket is made in the form of an encoder attached to the rotary mechanism of the device.

The sensor for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket can be made in the form of an inclinometer mounted on a bracket that connects the swivel mechanism to the wheel.

The rotary mechanism is equipped with a twisting spring of a paired winding located along the axis of the rotary mechanism and enclosing it from the outside, moreover, the extreme turns of the spring are fixed at the ends of the rotary mechanism, and its middle arcuate part is fixed on a bracket connecting the rotary mechanism with the wheel.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by a drawing, where

in fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device with a tilt angle sensor made in the form of an encoder;

in fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device with an encoder and a rotary mechanism equipped with a torsion spring;

in fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device with a sensor made in the form of an inclinometer and a rotary mechanism equipped with a torsion spring;

in fig. 4 is a prototype of the device in perspective view.

The proposed device for determining the depth of tillage (Fig. 1) contains a device 1 for rigidly attaching the device to the frame of a tillage machine, a rotary mechanism 2 connected by means of a bracket 3 to a wheel 4, a sensor 5 for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket when deepening the working bodies of a tillage machine into the soil , an electronic control unit with a satellite receiver of geographic coordinates 6, connected to the sensor 5 for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket 3.

The sensor 5 for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket can be made in the form of an encoder mounted on the rotary mechanism 2 (Fig. 2). The encoder is a feedback sensor, at the output of which the digital signal changes depending on the angle of rotation. This signal is processed and then sent to the ECU.

The sensor 5 for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket can be made in the form of an inclinometer mounted on the bracket 3 (Fig. 3). An inclinometer sensor that measures the deviation of an object relative to the gravity vector and guarantees high stability and high accuracy of measurements.

The rotary mechanism 2 can be equipped with a twisting spring of the paired winding 7, located along the axis of the rotary mechanism and enclosing it from the outside, and the extreme turns of the spring are fixed at the ends of the rotary mechanism 2, and its middle arcuate part 8 is fixed on the bracket 3 connecting the rotary mechanism 2 with the wheel four.

The process of determining the depth of tillage is carried out as follows. The device for determining the depth of tillage is rigidly connected to the frame of the tillage machine. Sensor 2 determines the zero value of the angle of inclination of the bracket 3 by installing the working bodies of the tillage machine and the wheel 4 in the same horizontal plane. The depth of tillage is determined by the difference between the sinuses of the zero value of the angle of inclination of the bracket 3 and the angle of its inclination when the working bodies of the tillage machine are deepened into the soil and the wheel moves along the soil surface, corrected for the length of the bracket 3.

An electronic control unit (on-board computer) with a satellite receiver of geographic coordinates 6 binds the value of the tillage depth to the current geographic coordinate, which makes it possible to create detailed maps of the tillage depth of individual sections of the field.

For the uninterrupted interaction of the wheel with the soil during the operation of the tillage machine, the torsion spring 7, with its arcuate element 8, fixed on the bracket 3, presses the wheel 4 through the bracket 3 to the soil.

The technical and economic efficiency of the device consists in providing the possibility of creating maps of the processing depth of individual sections of the field. The use of maps of the depth of processing fields in agricultural production allows you to control the quality of the work of machine operators, to investigate the reasons for the decline in yields and create conditions that are most favorable for the development and growth of cultivated plants.

Claims (3)

1. A device for measuring the depth of soil cultivation, rigidly fixed on the frame of the tillage machine and having a swivel mechanism connected by means of a bracket to a wheel, a sensor for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket when deepening the working bodies of a tillage machine into the soil, characterized in that the swivel mechanism is equipped with a torsion spring winding located along the axis of the rotary mechanism and enclosing it from the outside, and the extreme turns of the spring are fixed at the ends of the rotary mechanism, and its middle arcuate part is fixed on the bracket connecting the rotary mechanism with the wheel. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket is made in the form of an encoder attached to the rotary mechanism of the device. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor for measuring the angle of inclination of the bracket is made in the form of an inclinometer mounted on a bracket that connects the rotary mechanism to the wheel.

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