RU2049098C1 - Polyvinyl chloride plastisol - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: the additive of the polyvinyl chloride plastisol comprises a carboxyl- containing polyether having a molecular weight of 500 to 5000 based on ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or laprol based on propylene oxide, the ratio of the components being as follows (wt parts): 100 polyvinyl chloride; 60-100 ester plasticizer; 0.5-2 metal-containing thermostabilizer; 100-300 chalk; hydroxyl-containindg polyether having a molecular weight of 500 to 5000 based on ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or 8.2-20 laprol based on propylene oxide. EFFECT: improved properties of the plastisol. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to highly filled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisols intended for coating surfaces of various materials, and can be used in construction and other industries.

 In the manufacture of building materials, consumer goods and other products, a promiscuous method is applied, which consists in applying a paste-like mass to the substrate, which is subsequently heat treated together with the substrate to form the finished material. The base can be both part of the finished material (linoleum on fabric, felt and other bases, various fabrics with a polymer coating, paper-based wall coverings, etc.), and also act as a conveyor of the mass during heat treatment with the necessary external finish to the material, for example, a stamping pattern. In this case, the sub-base is separated at the final stage of material production and can again be used in the manufacturing process (portable method). Heat treatment is carried out both in heated chambers and on heated rolls of special lines (contact method).

 In all cases, an indispensable requirement for a paste-like mass is its good flowability on a subbase. A classic characteristic of this property is the viscosity index, the dependence of its change on time and shear stress. At the same time, the information given in the patent information only on the viscosity of the pastes does not allow to fully evaluate their ability to spread freely, especially in the presence of a large number of powdery fillers, such as chalk, kaolin, talc, etc. The use of fillers can significantly reduce the cost of finished products, therefore, in some cases, for example, in the manufacture of materials used in the construction industry, the maximum introduction of fillers is desirable.

The ability of the pasty mass to spread over the surface can be estimated by the coefficient of spreadability (K _p ), the measurement of which is as follows. A paste-like mass is filled into the cylinder (inner diameter D _about 20 mm, height 25 mm) with a piston. After alignment, the mass is squeezed out by a piston onto a horizontally laid glass with graph paper placed under it. After 15 minutes, the spreading diameter (D ₁₅ ) of the glass mass, K _p D ₁₅ / D _{o, is} noted. Defined in this way, K _p gives practical information about the possibility of processing the paste-like mass in a promiscuous way and at the same time serves as a technological breakdown: K _p 1.0-1.2 processing is impossible; To _p ≥ 1.25, processing is possible; To _p > 1.5, a thin coating is possible.

Known PVC plastisol based on (1) used in the production of linoleum, protective coatings, decorative materials for walls, comprising an organometallic stabilizer and plasticizer, characterized in that it further comprises a petroleum oil with an aniline point of 60-80 ^{° C} and the freezing point (- 10) (-50) ^о С in the following ratio of components, parts by weight: PVC 100; plasticizer 35-45; the specified oil polymer oil 10-30; organometallic stabilizer 1.5-2.5. Using the proposed composition allows to obtain stable during storage of plastisols. Plastisol may contain a filler hydrophobic chalk 100 wt.h. When playing the specified composition containing 100 wt. including chalk, get plastisol with To _p 1,0-2,1. However, the introduction of plastisol 140-170 wt.h. filler leads to a decrease in K _p to 1.0-1.2, which makes it impossible to process plastisol promazy method.

The closest to the offer is PVC-based plastisol [2] used for the manufacture of various finishing materials in construction. The invention allows to reduce the initial viscosity of the plastisol due to the fact that the plastisol contains (in parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of emulsion or bulk PVC) 50-60 o-phthalic acid ester, 1-2 thermal stabilizers of barium or cadmium stearate, 1 -2 additives that reduce the viscosity of the plastisol of a compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol. Plastisol may also additionally contain 10-15 chloroparaffin HP-470 as a secondary plasticizer, as a filler 100-120 chalk, as a pigment 3-5 titanium dioxide. When reproducing the specified composition according to the recipes of the examples described in the description of the invention, which include 100 parts by weight of emulsion PVC 45-50 parts by weight di-2-ethylhexylphthalate, 10-15 parts by weight chloroparaffin HP-470, 100-120 parts by weight chalk, 3-5 parts by weight titanium dioxide, get plastisol with K _p 1,0-1,20, which makes it impossible to process it in the promiscuous way (table, example 31).

To ensure the possibility of processing a highly filled plastisol in a promiscuous way by increasing the spreadability, a polyvinyl chloride-based plastisol is proposed, including an ester plasticizer, a metal-containing thermal stabilizer, a chalk filler and an additive, characterized in that it contains a simple hydroxyl-containing (co) polyester with mol . m. 500-5000 based on ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or laprol based on propylene oxide in the following ratio, wt.h. Polyvinyl chloride 100 Ester plasticizer 60-100 Metal-containing thermal stabilizer 0.5-2 Chalk 100-300 Simple hydroxyl-containing (co) polyester with mol. m. 500-5000 based on ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or laprol based on propylene oxide 0.2-20
The aim of the invention is to obtain a highly filled plastisol with increased flowability To _p 1.30-2.50, which allows you to process the inventive plastisol in a promiscuous way, the viscosity of the plastisol is 50-1600 Pa˙s (table, examples 1-30).

Plastisol contains: PVC from the group comprising emulsion PVC grade E-6250ZH PVC, emulsion paste-forming PVC grade EP-6602C PVC (GOST 14039-78), micro-suspension PVC grade PVC MS-6602C (TU 6-01-1265-81); a plasticizer from the group comprising di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DOP), dialkylphthalate (ester of phthalic acid and alcohols C ₇ -C ₉ DAP ₇₈₉ ), di-2-ethylhexyl sebacinate (DOS) GOST 8728-77, dialkylphenyl phosphate (DAPP) TU 6- 05-1611-78, butylbenzylphthalate (BBF) TU 6-05-1347-75, chlorinated paraffin (KP-470) TU 6-01-568-76; thermal stabilizers from the group of calcium stearate (StSA) TU 6-09-4233-76, zinc stearate (StZn) TU 6-09-4262-76, barium stearate (StVa) TU 6-09-281-75, cadmium stearate ( StCd) TU 6-09-3927-75, tribasic lead sulfate (TOSS) TU 6-09-4098-75, dibasic lead stearate (DOSS) TU 6-09-3928-75, dibasic lead phthalate (DOPTS) TU 6- 09-600-76, epoxy resin (ED-22) GOST 10587-76; simple (co) polyesters from the group comprising a block copolymer of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide with a mol.m. 5000 (composite KK-1) TU 464-NPP-6-237-02-92; simple polyester obtained by alcoholate polymerization of propylene oxide and glycerol, followed by block copolymerization with ethylene oxide, with a mol.m. 5000 (laprol 500-2-B10) TU 6-05-1513-75; polyether obtained by alcoholate polymerization of propylene oxide with glycerol with a mol.m. 600 (laprol 602) TU 6-05-321-582-84; simple polyester obtained by alcoholate polymerization of propylene oxide with glycerol, with a mol.m. 500 (laprol 503) TU 6-05-1679-83; polyether obtained by alcoholate polymerization of propylene oxide and 1,2-propylene glycol, stabilized with 2,6-ditretbutylparacresol, with a mol.m. 1000 (laprol 1052) TU 6-05-2035-87; natural hydrophobic chalk, separated and ground (TU 21 RSFSR-143-84).

 PRI me R 1 (according to the invention). 0.2 parts by weight composite KK-1 is dissolved at room temperature in 60 wt.h. DOF. With stirring in a planetary mixer in three doses make 100 wt.h. PVC E-6250ZH. Stir until a homogeneous paste and make in three doses 100 wt.h. chalk. Then stirred for 5-10 minutes until a homogeneous mass.

Viscosity is measured on a Brookfield rotary viscosimeter, type T N 4 rotor at ²⁰ ° C and velocity 0,3-6,0 v / min.

The spreading coefficient (K _p ) is determined in accordance with the methodology according to which a cylinder with an internal diameter of 20 mm and a height of 25 mm, equipped with a piston, is filled with a paste-like mass. The mass is leveled and squeezed onto a horizontally placed silicate glass with graph paper placed under it. After 15 minutes, the diameter of the mass spreading over the glass is measured. The ratio of the diameter of the mass spreading over the glass, measured after 15 min (D ₁₅ ), to the initial diameter of the inner diameter of the syringe barrel (D _o ) and take the value of the coefficient of spreadability:
K _p D ₁₅ / D _about .

 The composition and properties of plastisol are given in the table.

 Examples 2-30 according to the invention, examples 31-35 for comparison. The compositions and properties of plastisols are shown in the table. The modes of preparation and testing of plastisols are similar to example 1.

From examples 1-30 of the table it can be seen that the plastisol according to the invention is based on PVC, including 100 parts by weight of PVC 60-100 parts by weight ester plasticizer, 0.5-2.0 wt. including metal-containing heat stabilizer, 100-300 parts by weight chalk and 0.2-20 parts by weight simple hydroxyl-containing (co) polyester with a mol.m. 500-5000 on the basis of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or laprol on the basis of propylene oxide, is characterized by improved flowability (K _p ) of 1.30-2.50, which indicates the possibility of processing plastisol in the smear method, the viscosity is 50-1500 Pa˙s.

With a decrease in the content of all components of the plastisol or a simple hydroxyl-containing (co) polyester below the claimed limits, plastisol with a K _{p of} 1.10-1.20 is obtained, which indicates the impossibility of processing it by the promiscuous method (examples 32, 34).

 With an increase in the content of all components of the plastisol or a simple hydroxyl-containing (co) polyester above the claimed limits, a material suitable for use is not formed (examples 33, 35).

Claims (1)

 PLASTISOL BASED ON POLYVINYL CHLORIDE, including an ester plasticizer, a metal-containing thermal stabilizer, a chalk filler and an additive, characterized in that as an additive it contains a simple hydroxyl-containing (co) polyester with a mol. m. 500 5000 based on ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or laprol based on propylene oxide in the following ratio of components, wt. h Polyvinyl chloride 100
Ester plasticizer 60 100
Metal-containing thermal stabilizer 0.5 2.0
Chalk 100 300
Simple hydroxyl-containing (co) polyester with mol. m. 500 5000 based on ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or laprol based on propylene oxide 0.2 20.0

Images