RU2047812C1 - Method of and device for transportation and storage of natural difficult-to- liquefy gases in tubular container - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: materials handling. SUBSTANCE: method of transportation and storage of natural difficult-to-liquefy gases includes charging gases into containing tubes, raising pressure in tubes and carrying out transportation and storage of gases in small diameter cylindrical tubes, 100-150 mm diameter, with preliminarily bringing gas in tubes to condition at which real gas corresponds to laws of ideal gas by building gas pressure in tubes to 380-410 atm. Device for implementing this method of transportation and storage of difficult-to- liquefy natural gases in carrying containers is made in form of system of closed cylindrical round-section tubes, diameter 100-150 mm, placed to form spiral or coil and divided into sections. Sections communicated with gas intake and discharge headers through shutoff valve devices. Summary length of tubes is chosen to provide preset volume of gas to be transported and stored. Offered method of and device for storage and transportation make it possible to facilitate transportation and storage of considerable amounts of gases without using liquefying stations and means for keeping the gas in liquefied state and provide higher safety, including ecological safety. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the extraction and transportation of gaseous products and relates to technical means for transportation and storage of hardly liquefied gases.

The main method of transporting and storing natural gases, in addition to pipeline transport, is transportation and storage in a liquefied state in special pressure vessels or isothermal containers. When storing or transporting trudnoszhizhaemyh gases, including natural, extraction from areas to areas of processing and use, for filling such containers require special equipment that ensures their liquefaction at cryogenic temperatures of the order of magnitude of natural gas minus 160 ° ^C. This temperature regime it is required to maintain during storage and transportation, which necessitates the thermal insulation of tanks with liquefied gas. In addition, the evaporation of liquefied gas during storage or transportation, which cannot be completely eliminated, is particularly difficult. In this regard, there is the task of re-liquefaction of gases in special units installed on a vehicle or storage, or the disposal of evaporation products in any other way. In view of the above, vehicles and storage facilities for liquefied gases have a high cost and increased danger in operation due to the catastrophic consequences arising from the destruction of the storage facility. The latter circumstance introduces additional requirements for the equipment of the unloading and conversion points of liquefied gas into a gaseous state, usually located in separate, uninhabited areas.

 When transporting and storing gases in a gaseous state, the required storage volumes significantly increase, which is often a very significant obstacle to their real application, since it sharply reduces the effectiveness of these measures and, accordingly, their feasibility.

 The task of the invention is to obtain a technical result, which consists in simplifying, reducing the cost and increasing the reliability and safety of the method and device for the transportation and storage of hardly liquefied natural gases.

 To this end, in the method of transportation and storage of natural hardly liquefied gases in containers, including pumping gas into containers and increasing pressure in them, the transportation and storage of gas is carried out in cylindrical containers of small diameter in the range of 100-150 mm with preliminary bringing them to a state at which real gas is most consistent with the laws of ideal gas, by creating a pressure of 380-410 atm in the indicated containers with gas. In the device for implementing the method of transportation and storage of natural hardly liquefied gases in containers, each container is made in the form of a system of closed and laid, for example, in a spiral or in the form of a coil of cylindrical pipes of circular cross section with a diameter of up to 100-150 mm, divided into sections. Moreover, the section through the locking valve device communicated with the collectors for receiving and unloading gas. The total length of the pipes in this case is selected from the condition of ensuring a given volume of gas transportation and storage.

The proposed method and device allows for the transportation and storage of significant (up to several million m ³ gas volumes at acceptable vehicle dimensions without the use of gas liquefaction stations and means of maintaining it in a liquid state, as well as an increased degree of safety, including environmental, since when a small-diameter pipe ruptures, the possible consequences are minimized, and the design of such a tool can easily provide for the possibility of immediately disabling the collapsed section. eliminates a set of problems in the implementation of preparatory operations for natural gas for transportation and storage, as well as measures for gas during transportation and storage.

 The possibility and advisability of using pipes with a diameter of 100-150 mm at ultrahigh (380-410 atm) pressure as a gas storage is based on the fundamental principle of the extremely small dependence of the mass of the pipe containing a given amount of gas on the gas pressure in it. Thus, the mass of the pipe is determined only by the specific strength of the pipe material.

 The validity of the foregoing is illustrated by a number of known calculated dependencies.

L

(1) где d внутренний диаметр трубы, мм;
L длина трубы, м;
Р_о/Р_атм относительное давление газа в трубе; а вес трубы G, т:
G π d L t γ (2) где t толщина стенки, м;
γ удельный вес материала трубы, т/м³.The volume of gas in the pipe V (m ³ ) will be:
V

L

(1) where d is the inner diameter of the pipe, mm;
L pipe length, m;
P _o / P _atm relative gas pressure in the pipe; and the weight of the pipe G, t:
G π d L t γ (2) where t wall thickness, m;
γ specific weight of the pipe material, t / m ³ .

(3) где Р_р расчетное давление, кг/см²
σ характеристика прочности материала трубы (для традиционных металлических материалов предел текучести) кг/см².Wall thickness for an unsupported cylindrical shell:
t

(3) where P _{p the} design pressure, kg / cm ²
σ characteristic of the strength of the pipe material (for traditional metal materials yield strength) kg / cm ² .

2

P_атм
(4)
Отношение k

представляет собой коэффициент запаса прочности, принятый для трубопровода, а из формулы

2k

P

(4a) следует, что вес трубы не зависит от давления газа в ней.Transforming formulas (1) - (3), we find that the ratio of the weight of the pipe and the volume of gas in it is

2

P _atm
(4)
Ratio k

represents the safety factor adopted for the pipeline, and from the formula

2k

P

(4a) it follows that the weight of the pipe does not depend on the gas pressure in it.

In this regard, we can talk about the advisability of storing gas in thin pipes with a diameter of 100-150 mm at the maximum possible pressure at which the real gas is most consistent with the laws of an ideal gas. For natural gas, such a zone is the range of 380-310 atm, where the errors of the determined values associated with practical compressibility will be about 5%
Figure 1 shows an example of a container for transporting and storing gas, made in the form of a system of pipes 1 with a diameter of 100-150 mm, spirally laid in coils and divided into sections; figure 2 with a system of pipes linearly laid in the coil; figure 3 section aa in figure 2; figure 4 section BB in figure 2.

 Each section 2 through the locking valve device 3 is connected with the collectors 4 for receiving and unloading gas. The collectors are equipped with pipelines 5 for receiving and unloading gas. All of the listed equipment is housed in a protective casing 6.

 The use of this proposal for the delivery of extracted raw materials from gas fields located in remote areas, in particular, on the shelf of the Arctic seas, will greatly simplify the design of means of storage and transportation of gas and the technological process of transferring raw materials to a vehicle, reduce costs and shorten the construction time deposits due to the abandonment of the construction of gas liquefaction and bottling stations, eliminate the need for the reverse conversion of raw materials into a gaseous state the end of transportation, and also increase the safety of the storage or vehicle.

Claims (2)

 1. The method of transportation and storage of natural hardly liquefied gases in containers, including pumping gas into containers and increasing pressure in them, characterized in that the transportation and storage of gas is carried out in cylindrical pipes of circular cross-section of small diameter up to 100 150 mm, previously bringing them gas to a state in which real gas is most consistent with the laws of an ideal gas by creating a pressure of 380,410 atm in the indicated containers with gas.  2. A device for transporting and storing natural hardly liquefied gases in containers, characterized in that each container is made in the form of a system of closed and spiral-shaped cylindrical cylindrical pipes of circular cross-section with a diameter of up to 100 150 mm, divided into sections, the sections through shut-off valve devices are communicated with manifolds for receiving and unloading gas, while the total length of the pipes is selected from the condition of ensuring a given volume of transportation and storage of gas.

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