RU2047728C1 - Drilling wastewater treatment plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: drilling wastewater treatment plant has chassis-mounted tanks for solutions of coagulating and flocculating agents, pumps, a drilling wastewater treatment unit, a tank for dissolving reagents, a system of pressure pipelines, and a unit for treatment of sediments in drilling wastewater and spent drilling mud. In the casing of this unit there are mixing chambers, a diaphragm mounted in front of the chambers, and quick-detachable attachments with branch pipes. Through a pump, the tank for dissolving reagents is in communication with a three-way cock, a receiving hose, and a pressure hose. The unit for treatment of drilling wastewater and spent drilling mud sediments is open to dosing devices through another pump. EFFECT: higher efficiency; higher treatment quality. 4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to technological equipment for treating drilling waste during the construction of oil and gas wells: for treating drilling wastewater (BSW) with reagents (coagulants and flocculants), neutralizing the pollutants contained in them, using purified BSV in technological processes for drilling wells, as well as for the treatment of waste drilling fluids (OBR) and sludge of drilling wastewater (SBS) with the neutralizing and curing compositions neutralization and curing with special thickening and curing compositions and subsequent consolidation of the mass, and safe disposal without the risk of contamination of environmental objects directly during the drilling of wells and after their construction.

 Drilling waste generated during the drilling of oil and gas wells, which include drilling wastewater (BSW), spent drilling fluids, drill cuttings (BS), drilling sewage sludge (WWS), are high-pressure heterophasic systems that include emulsified suspended and dissolved pollutants of mineral and organic origin. The main components of BSV, OBR, OBSV and BS are: clay, oil, weighting agent (barite, magnetite, siderite), water-soluble polymers, oil products, finely drilled rock, sulphite-alcohol stillage, surface-active substances (surfactants), a number of other chemicals included in the composition of drilling fluids.

 A known installation for the treatment of contaminated water treatment and other containers, including mounted on the chassis of the tank for water treatment, which using two baffles is divided into a tank with a coagulating liquid, a tank of filtered water and a tank of contaminated water with a stirring mechanism, connected to the said tank with coagulating liquid , a filtering device for separating filtered water and coagulated sludge. The installation also has a pressure reduction and increase system with a vacuum pump and a four-way valve, a hose for water intake and exhaust connected to a sludge tank or a filtered water tank. The apparatus has a flow meter for measuring the amount of coagulating liquid supplied to said contaminated water tank, and said filtering device consists of a horizontal type rotating cylindrical filter, a filtered water collecting tank, and a coagulated contaminant collecting tank separated by a cylindrical screen.

 The main disadvantages of the installation are: the difficult separation of purified (filtered) water and coagulated sludge, the filtering itself, the design of the mixing tank and the small capacity of the installation, the lack of devices and equipment for dissolving and preparing a coagulant solution with a given concentration, as well as a flocculant solution. In addition, the installation does not render harmless and does not cure OBR and WWS.

 The closest solution to the declared one is a drilling waste treatment plant, including a drilling wastewater treatment unit (BSW), coagulant and flocculant solution tanks, pumps and injection pipelines.

 Known stationary technological scheme of water purification is most appropriate for solving the problems of the circulating water supply of the drilling during drilling. After the completion of drilling and dismantling, the drilling cleaning system does not work and cannot be applied directly to eliminate barns.

 This system is designed to clean BSV and does not have a processing unit for the disposal of OBR, BS and OBSV and devices for preparing solutions of reagents and components of various compositions and equipment for introducing special neutralizing, thickening and hardening compositions into these wastes, which allow consolidating the treated masses. These shortcomings do not allow to clean and neutralize SBS and OBR and to effectively dispose of these wastes, the system is not mobile and bulky.

 The invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of cleaning sludge of drilling wastewater and waste drilling fluids from contaminants and the disposal of drilling waste in the event of work to eliminate sludge pits.

 The required technical result is ensured by the fact that the installation for processing drilling waste, including a drilling wastewater treatment unit (BSW), coagulant and flocculant solution tanks, pumps and injection pipelines, is equipped with a BSV sediment and spent drilling mud treatment unit (OBR) with an additional injection pipeline and a capacity for dissolving reagents, which, on the one hand, is connected to a capacity of a coagulant solution, and on the other hand, to a capacity for dissolving a flocculant; the adolescent and the flocculant are placed on the chassis of the vehicle. The BSV and OBR sediment processing unit is made in the form of a housing with a mixing chamber located in it, a diaphragm installed in front of the mixing chamber, and quick-detachable connections with nozzles. The unit is equipped with metering units, to which the BSV and OBR sediment processing unit is connected via a pump. At the same time, the capacity for dissolving the reagents is connected through the pump to a three-way valve and receiving and discharge hoses.

 A distinctive feature of the installation is the treatment of drilling waste streams by the installation at the processing units, cleaning with BSV reagent solutions, cleaning of the BSV and OBR sludge with neutralizing, thickening and curing compositions and increasing the productivity and efficiency of the installation due to the uniform distribution of reagents in the BSV stream, and neutralizing, thickening and curing compositions in the flow OBR and OSV, by supplying contaminated BSV to the processing unit BSV reagents, and OBR and OSV to the processing unit neutralizing, filling infesting and hardening compositions.

 The installation provides joint work in processing OBR and OBVS, connecting through quick-disconnect connections (BRS) with devices for storing and supplying various additives and with mixing chambers of sediment processing units BSV and OBR and measuring tanks through a pipeline and a water pump.

 The capacity of the coagulant solution is rigidly fixed to the chassis and made in the form of cavities divided by a partition, with valves in the lower part. It is also used as a measured capacity for neutralizing components during the processing of OSV and OBR. The capacity of the flocculant solution is used as a measured capacity for thickening components in the processing of the fluids and fluids.

 The processing unit OBVS and OBR is made in the form of a detachable case with several, for example, with three chambers for mixing neutralizing thickening and curing components with quick-detachable nozzles and connected via a pump to metering devices.

 The installation differs from the known ones in that the connections of the BSV processing unit, the OBR and OBSV processing unit, the reagent dissolution unit with the discharge pipe and pipelines from the measured capacities of the devices for storing and supplying additives are quick-detachable, and the design of the processing units allows you to separate the flows: BSV, OBR, OBSV and connect the treated mass before discharge. In the claimed technical solution, the installation is mobile, autonomous, the chassis of the vehicle is installed next to it (or on a designated site) with barns or containers, containers for dumping and accumulating drilling waste.

 BSV cleaning is improved due to the uniform distribution of the reagent solutions in the BSV stream during hydraulic mixing of the BSV with the reagents in the mixing chamber of the processing unit.

 Quick-detachable connections allow you to disconnect the BSV processing unit from the discharge pipeline located on the frame of the vehicle chassis and pipelines of measured tanks, and attach it at any distance to the discharge pipeline tied to the transport chassis and other containers, or to perform other work after cleaning the BSV.

 Quick-detachable joints are provided for both OBR and OBVS processing units, as well as a reagent dissolution tank, which allows the unit to use and connect other vehicles with liquid or bulk materials for cleaning, deactivating, thickening and solidifying drilling waste to work together in the technological process.

 In FIG. 1 shows a drilling waste treatment plant; in FIG. 2 scheme for the preparation of reagent solutions for treating BSV and treating the initial BSV with solutions of coagulant and flocculant; in FIG. 3 scheme for pumping clarified BSV from a settling barn (tank); in FIG. 4 diagram of the modes of BSV purification and processing of OBR, OSSV additives in FIG. 5 processing scheme OBR and OBSV additives; in FIG. 6 scheme for the preparation of solutions, thickening and neutralizing components.

 A drilling waste treatment plant 1 consists of a vehicle 2, an injection pipe 3, a BSV processing unit 4, a reagent dissolution tank 5, a coagulant solution tank 6, a flocculant solution tank 7, an injection pipe 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 , pumps 13, 14, BSV and OBR sediment processing unit 15, mixing chamber 16, quick-detachable connections 17, nozzles 18, diaphragm 19, separation grille 20, three-way valve 21, inlet hose 22, discharge hose 23, quick-disconnect inputs 24, metering devices 2 5, a receiving pipe 26, a discharge line 27, a chassis frame 28, an engine for a water pump 29, a discharge pipe 30, a float 31. A tank (barn) 32, 33, 34, 35 and a filter pad 36 are located in the rig area. Devices for storing and supplying additives, for example, cement mixing machine 37 and unit 38, as well as BPR silos are used in each individual case, if necessary, to work together with the installation.

 Installation for processing waste drilling works as follows.

 The BSV to be processed (as shown in Fig. 2) is pumped from the barn (tank) 32 through a receiving hose (sleeve) 22 located in the barn 32 on the float 31 to the discharge pipe 3 connected to the BSV processing unit 4. At the same time, in the mixing chamber of the processing unit 4, through pipelines 8, 10, 9, 11, a flocculant solution is supplied from the tank 7 by the pump 14, and a coagulant solution is supplied from the tank 6 through the pipe 12.

 The connection of the pipe 11 with 9 is carried out using a hose 22 through a quick connection 17.

 The amount of reagents entering the mixing chamber is regulated by metering devices 25. The reagent solutions enter the mixing chamber of the BSV processing unit through nozzles 18. In the mixing chamber, the reagents are instantly mixed with the BSV stream being processed. The regulation of the coagulant distribution rate in the treated BSV stream is carried out by the diaphragm and the pressure created in front of the diaphragm. A uniform distribution of reagents in the entire volume of the treated stream with the number of particles of contaminants in contact with the coagulant and intermediate products of hydrolysis of the coagulant increases the efficiency of the drilling waste disposal process. The BSV treated in this way enters the settling barn (tank) 33, where it is clarified.

 After clarification, the BSV, as shown in FIG. 3, pump 13 through the receiving pipe 22, located on the float 31, located in the barn (tank) 33, clarified purified BSV is pumped for the needs of the rig, or dumped onto the terrain through the filter pad 36. The BSV sediment left after pumping is pumped to the barn (capacity) 34 for accumulation by discharge from the discharge pipe 30.

The preparation of reagent solutions (see Fig. 2) for processing BSW is carried out using a pump 14 and a dissolution tank 5, tied to pipelines through a three-way valve 21 in a closed cycle: pump 14, discharge hose 23, container 5, separation grill 20, inlet hose 22, three-way valve 21, pump 14. The supply of prepared reagent solutions in the tank 6, 7, is carried out by the pump 14 by switching the three-way valve 21 to the tank. In FIG. Figure 4 shows the possible cases of treatment of drilling waste and the direction of supply of reagents and additives to the mixing chamber in the processed streams:
I purification of BSV reagents;
II processing OBR and OBSV;
Ia, processing the BSV stream in a single-chamber processing unit;
IB processing BSV stream in a two-chamber processing unit;
1c, processing the BSV stream in a two-chamber unit with separation of the processed stream in front of the chambers and fusion at the outlet from the unit;
Id processing the BSV stream in a three-chamber unit with the separation of the stream with three reagent solutions;
IIa processing flows OBR and OBVS with two components in a single-chamber unit, thickening material in the form of a liquid, and curing and neutralizing in the form of a mixture representing bulk material;
IIb processing flows OBR and OBVS with two components in a two-chamber unit through quick-detachable nozzles;
IIc processing flows OBR and OBVS with the separation of the flow in a three-chamber node, three components;
IId processing flows OBR and OBVS with three components in a three-chamber unit with sequentially located mixing chambers.

 Processing OBR and OSSV is carried out as follows: through the pump 13 (see Fig. 5) OBR and OSSV are fed from the barn (tank) 34 to the processing unit 15. At the same time through the input 18, the installation 1 delivers a neutralizing solution to the mixing chamber of the node 15, and loose curing material and thickening material are supplied through quick-detachable connections, for example, cement mixing machine 37, and unit 38. The unit can work directly with unit 1 or through a mixer of cement mixing machine 37. The OBR and OBVS flows thus treated are discharged into a barn (tank) 35 for Denia or pad for storage in containers or the purpose of removing further the allocated storage areas.

 The preparation of liquid components for processing OBR and SBS is carried out as follows (see Fig. 6): installation 1 using a pump 14 through a pipe 23 from a container 6 supplies liquid to dissolve the neutralizing material, which is pre-loaded into the first cavity of the vessel 5. The dissolved neutralizing material in in the form of a solution passes through the separation grid 20 and enters the second cavity, from where it enters the pump 14 through the three-way valve 21 through the inlet hose 21. Circulation in a closed cycle continues until complete solution yelling neutralizing material. The supply to the tank 7 of the prepared solution is carried out by switching the three-way valve 21 to the tank 7.

 The use of the installation allows the drilling waste utilization process and improves it in comparison with known devices, reduces the consumption of water, reagents and components by 20-30%, reduces the costs associated with the purchase of equipment for the preparation of reagent solutions and components for processing OBR and WWS, increases productivity , efficiency and mobility of the installation. In addition, its use allows to reduce transportation costs, eliminate payments for biological remediation, reduce the costs of reducing the volume of pumping liquid drilling waste into the oil reservoir and injections into absorbing wells (horizons) and eliminate the cost of pumping drilling wastewater into the oil reservoir to the collection point and oil preparation.

 Using the installation allows you to prevent damage to the environment from pollution by drilling waste and reduce costs.

Claims (4)

 1. DRILLING WASTE TREATMENT PLANT, including drilling wastewater treatment unit (BSW), coagulant and flocculant solution tanks, pumps and injection pipelines, characterized in that the installation is equipped with a BSV sludge and spent drilling mud treatment unit (OBR) with an additional injection pipeline and a capacity for dissolving the reagents, which, on the one hand, is connected to the capacity of the coagulant solution, and on the other hand, to the capacity of the flocculant solution, while the capacity of the coagulant and flocculant solutions is us on a vehicle chassis.  2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the BSV and OBR sediment processing unit is made in the form of a housing with a mixing chamber located in it, a diaphragm installed in front of the mixing chamber, and quick-detachable connections with nozzles.  3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with metering units, to which the BSV and OBR sediment processing unit is connected via a pump.  4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the capacity for dissolving the reagents is connected to the capacity of the solution of coagulant and flocculant through a pump with a three-way valve and receiving and discharge hoses.

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