RU2047474C1

RU2047474C1 - Grinding machine

Info

Publication number: RU2047474C1
Authority: RU
Inventors: В.И. Бамбаков; В.А. Шевырев; А.И. Шарунов
Original assignee: Проектно-конструкторское бюро "Росинструмент"
Priority date: 1991-04-26
Filing date: 1991-04-26
Publication date: 1995-11-10

Abstract

FIELD: machine-tool industry. SUBSTANCE: grinding machine is provided with system for automatic compensation of wheel wear. The system is made in two variants, which differ in construction of drive unit of automatic compensation system. According to the first variant, drive unit is made in form of double-sided action hydraulic cylinder, which is mounted onto the bed of the machine. Rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with slide, onto which grinding wheel is mounted. Control member of the hydraulic cylinder is made in form of hydraulic booster with movable four-edged control valve. According to the other variant, the drive unit is made in form of reversible low-speed hydraulic motor, which is mounted onto the bed of the machine. Exit shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected with screw-nut transmission, which is mounted onto the slide additionally. Control member of hydraulic cylinder is made in form of hydraulic booster. EFFECT: improved efficiency of operation. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Изобретение относится к станкостроению, в частности к шлифовальным станкам для обработки плоских деталей (типа ножи, ножницы и др.), и может быть использовано в шлифовальных станках других типов. The invention relates to machine tool industry, in particular to grinding machines for processing flat parts (such as knives, scissors, etc.), and can be used in other types of grinding machines.

Технический результат от использования изобретения заключается в повышении надежности и быстродействия станка. The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the reliability and speed of the machine.

На фиг. 1 и 2 изображены варианты исполнения шлифовального станка с гидроцилиндром или с гидромотором. In FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate embodiments of a grinding machine with a hydraulic cylinder or with a hydraulic motor.

Шлифовальный станок состоит из станины 1, на которой установлены салазки 2, гидроцилиндр или гидромотор 3, пневматический датчик 4 с гидроусилителем 5. На салазках 2 закреплен электродвигатель 6, передающий движение через шкивы 7 и 8 валу 9, на котором закреплен шлифовальный круг 10. Салазки 2 соединены со штоком 11 гидроцилиндра 3 (фиг.1) или с валом 11 реверсивного низкооборотного гидромотора 3 (фиг.3) через винт-гайку, установленную на салазках. The grinding machine consists of a frame 1, on which a slide 2, a hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor 3, a pneumatic sensor 4 with a hydraulic booster 5 are installed. An electric motor 6 is mounted on the slide 2, which transmits the movement through the pulleys 7 and 8 to the shaft 9, on which the grinding wheel 10 is fixed. The slide 2 are connected to the rod 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 3 (Fig. 1) or to the shaft 11 of the reversible low-speed hydraulic motor 3 (Fig. 3) through a screw-nut mounted on the rails.

Полости 12 и 13 гидроцилиндра или гидромотора гидравлически соединены с полостями 14 и 15 гидроусилителя 5. В корпусе гидроусилителя установлен золотник 16, взаимодействующий с иглой 17 пневмодатчика 4. Игла опирается на жесткий центр 18 мембраны 19. Измерительная камера 20 и компенсационная 21 через дроссели 22 и 23 соединены с воздушной линией нагнетания 24. В сопло 25 входит конический конец иглы. Компенсационная камера 21 через сопло 25 и канал 26 соединяется с атмосферой. Полость 27 гидроусилителя соединена с напорной линией гидросистемы, полость 28 со сливной линией. The cavities 12 and 13 of the hydraulic cylinder or the hydraulic motor are hydraulically connected to the cavities 14 and 15 of the hydraulic booster 5. A spool 16 is installed in the hydraulic booster housing, which interacts with the needle 17 of the pneumatic sensor 4. The needle rests on the rigid center 18 of the membrane 19. The measuring chamber 20 and the compensation 21 through the inductors 22 and 23 are connected to the discharge air line 24. The conical end of the needle enters the nozzle 25. The compensation chamber 21 through the nozzle 25 and the channel 26 is connected to the atmosphere. The cavity 27 of the hydraulic booster is connected to the pressure line of the hydraulic system, the cavity 28 with the drain line.

Напротив шлифовального круга 10 закреплено сопло 29, соединенное каналом с измерительной камерой 20. Opposite the grinding wheel 10, a nozzle 29 is fixed, connected by a channel to the measuring chamber 20.

На рабочем столе 31 установлено обрабатываемое изделие 32. Золотник 16 поджат пружиной 33. On the desktop 31, the workpiece 32 is installed. The spool 16 is spring-loaded 33.

Шлифовальный станок работает следующим образом. При наличии гидропитания в полости 27 гидроусилителя 5 и напора воздуха в канале 24 мембрана 19 занимает такое положение, при котором расход через измерительное сопло 29 равен расходу через зазор между коническим концом иглы 17 и соплом 25. В этом случае давление в камере 20 равно давлению в камере 21. Если золотник 16 под действием пружины 33 смещен вниз, давление рабочей жидкости из канала 27 поступит в канал 14 и в полость 13 гидроцилиндра (фиг.1) или гидромотора (фиг. 2). Поршень гидроцилиндра (фиг.1) или вал гидромотора (фиг.2) сместит салазки шлифовального круга влево. Зазор между соплом 29 и шлифовальным кругом уменьшится, что вызовет увеличение давления в измерительной камере 20. Равенство давлений в камерах нарушается, и жесткий упор 18 мембраны начнет перемещаться вверх до тех пор, пока расход через зазор между соплом 25 и конусом иглы не станет равным расходу через сопло 29, и золотник 16 не займет среднее положение, а следовательно, и давления в полостях 12 и 13 будут равны. The grinding machine operates as follows. In the presence of hydropower in the cavity 27 of the hydraulic booster 5 and the air pressure in the channel 24, the membrane 19 occupies a position in which the flow through the measuring nozzle 29 is equal to the flow through the gap between the conical end of the needle 17 and the nozzle 25. In this case, the pressure in the chamber 20 is equal to the pressure in chamber 21. If the spool 16 is shifted down by the action of the spring 33, the pressure of the working fluid from the channel 27 will enter the channel 14 and into the cavity 13 of the hydraulic cylinder (Fig. 1) or a hydraulic motor (Fig. 2). The piston of the hydraulic cylinder (figure 1) or the shaft of the hydraulic motor (figure 2) will shift the slide of the grinding wheel to the left. The gap between the nozzle 29 and the grinding wheel will decrease, which will cause an increase in pressure in the measuring chamber 20. The pressure differences in the chambers are violated, and the rigid stop 18 of the membrane will begin to move up until the flow through the gap between the nozzle 25 and the needle cone is equal to the flow through the nozzle 29, and the valve 16 does not occupy the middle position, and therefore the pressure in the cavities 12 and 13 will be equal.

При обработке изделий 32 шлифовальный круг 10 изнашивается, и зазор между соплом 29 и шлифовальным кругом 10 увеличивается, при этом шток цилиндра или вал гидромотора будут смещать салазки влево на величину износа круга. When processing products 32, the grinding wheel 10 wears out and the gap between the nozzle 29 and the grinding wheel 10 increases, while the cylinder rod or the motor shaft will shift the slide to the left by the amount of wear of the wheel.

В случае, если зазор между соплом 29 и шлифовальным кругом меньше отрегулированного, и золотник под действием перепада в камерах 20 и 21 смещен вверх от среднего положения, давление рабочей жидкости поступит в канал 15 и, соответственно, в полость 12 гидроцилиндра или гидромотора. При этом салазки сместятся вправо, и зазор между соплом и кругом увеличится. If the gap between the nozzle 29 and the grinding wheel is less than the adjusted one, and the spool is shifted upward from the middle position due to the difference in the chambers 20 and 21, the pressure of the working fluid will enter the channel 15 and, accordingly, the cavity 12 of the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor. In this case, the slide will shift to the right, and the gap between the nozzle and the circle will increase.

Claims

1. GRINDING MACHINE, comprising a grinding wheel with a drive mounted on a slide on the bed, and a system for automatically compensating for wheel wear, including a drive unit, a control element and a pneumatic self-balancing sensor, consisting of measuring and compensation chambers separated by a membrane and connected to the corresponding channels through chokes with an air discharge line, a measuring nozzle located opposite the working surface of the grinding wheel and connected by a channel to the measuring chamber a gauge measure, and a needle mounted resting on one end on the rigid center of the membrane and the other on a tapered end with the possibility of interaction with the control element and entering the nozzle connecting the compensation chamber with the atmosphere, characterized in that the drive device of the system for automatic compensation of wear of the circle is made in the form a double-acting hydraulic cylinder mounted on the bed of the machine, while the output rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slide, and the control element is made in the form of a hydraulic booster with slide four-edged spool, and the cavity channels of the hydraulic booster are hydraulically connected with the cavities of the hydraulic cylinder.

2. A grinding machine comprising a grinding wheel with a drive mounted on a slide on the bed, and a system for automatically compensating for wheel wear, including a drive device, a control element and a pneumatic self-balancing sensor, consisting of a measuring and compensation chambers, separated by a membrane and connected to the corresponding channels through chokes with an air discharge line, a measuring nozzle located opposite the working surface of the grinding wheel and connected by a channel to the measuring chamber a gauge measure, and a needle mounted resting on one end on the rigid center of the membrane and the other on a tapered end with the possibility of interaction with the control element and entering the nozzle connecting the compensation chamber with the atmosphere, characterized in that the drive device of the system for automatic compensation of wear of the circle is made in the form a reversible low-speed hydraulic motor mounted on the machine bed, while the output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected to an additional screw transmission mounted on the slide screw nut, and control conductive element is a movable vane with chetyrehkromochnym spool, and channels cavitary vane cavities hydraulically connected with the hydraulic motor.