RU2046745C1 - Metal transportation conveyor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: materials handling and transportation. SUBSTANCE: conveyor for transportation of metal chips has trough with hatches to take in chips, traction member guide, traction member with scrapers and traction member drive. Each scraper is connected with traction member by three crossmembers, two rods and carrying bar. Crossmembers connected with traction member are installed for travel along guide. Carrying bar is secured on middle crossmember. Each scraper is made in form of two parts arranged symmetrically relative to longitudinal axis of carrying bar. Each part of scraper is hinge-connected with carrying bar and is installed for limited turning around longitudinal axis of carrying bar. Each rod is connected by one end with one of extreme crossmembers. Other end of each rod is hinge-connected with one of parts of corresponding scraper. Other extreme crossmember has guard shield secured on crossmember to limit vertical displacement of chips in working zone of scraper. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in all metalworking workshops for transporting metal chips.

 Known conveying devices, the type and design of which depend on the type of shavings [1] Belt conveyors are recommended for dry loose cast-iron and aluminum shavings.

 Auger conveyors can transport bind and bulk chips. These conveyors are often laid in the project, but they are not functional, especially over long distances (50 m or more).

 The most effective for transporting chips are ruff-rod conveyors, which can convey both twisted and loose chips conveyors of local importance.

 Known conveyors with horizontally arranged scrapers [1] The technical capabilities of this scraper conveyor are limited, since it can move mainly small chips, the length of such a conveyor cannot exceed 200 m. Due to its complexity in operation, it did not find wide application.

Closest to the proposed are scraper conveyors for removing metal chips, made in the form of chain conveyors with horizontally arranged scrapers [2]
The made scrapers in the form of dies for twisted chips are not the best option, since any comb or brush is always associated with the remains of the chips with which they are clogged.

 The fork cutter for twisted shavings will be an unreliable device, since twisted shavings will constantly cling to it.

 You can’t put a fork cutter on crushed chips, here you need a continuous scraper in the form of a shovel moving along the gutter.

 The second example is a conveyor with a traction chain for transporting metal chips. This conveyor contains exciting fingers, which are rotatable and mounted on rollers that interact with lever-spring mechanisms for their rotation, and the links of the traction chain are equipped with scrapers.

 Exciting swivel fingers together with a swivel mechanism all this may not work properly only because the lever mechanism is filled with crushed chips and the effect is reduced to zero. The benefit is negligible, and the cost of the conveyor is significant.

 The purpose of the invention is the increase in productivity and the expansion of technological capabilities.

 To achieve this goal, the proposed conveyor for transporting metal chips is equipped with a traction spatial chain with blocks of scrapers located at a certain distance from each other (approximately 20-30 m). The conveyor is also equipped with loading hatches with its flaps.

 The scraper block on the traverses is mounted with carriages to the suspended traction chain. The scraper block consists of three traverses, on each of which a protective shield, a scraper and movable rods (or just rods) are suspended. The following requirements are imposed on the scraper unit, i.e. it must satisfy the basic requirement of operation: be tough enough to withstand the transported chips (“lump” of chips), sufficiently mobile on turns and ups (downs), the reception of chips should be reliable and reliable.

 In the direction of the conveyor, a protective screen that protects against the penetration of chips into the traction body is located on the first traverse in tight connection.

The scraper consists of two symmetrical parts relative to the rod, forming a hinge for the scraper. The angle formed by the parts of the scraper varies from 90 to 180 ^o , where 180 ^{o the} scraper is deployed and completely overlaps the cross section in the cross section.

 To provide the scraper with greater rigidity, traction (or movable traction) is provided on the back side, which are pivotally connected to the scraper and to the supporting extreme traverse.

 In FIG. 1 shows the groove of the track, a view of the block of the scraper assembly; in FIG. 2 same, longitudinal section; in FIG. 3, section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 4 a section BB in FIG. 2; in FIG. 5 plan view without traction body, loading zone; in FIG. 6 is a diagram of the position of the scraper block in the loading zone, a cross section; in FIG. 6 diagram of the zone of loading and receiving chips; in FIG. 8 conveyor diagram, top view, loading area.

 The proposed conveyor is characterized by a suspended traction unit and blocks of scrapers located from each other at a certain distance along the entire route.

The conveyor for transporting metal shavings consists of two parts of the traction unit 1 and the scraper unit 2. The scraper unit consists of three traverses on which a protective screen 3, a scraper 4 and traction 5 are pivotally connected to the traverse and to the scraper 4. The scraper consists of symmetrically located parts pivotally mounted on a common rod 6, and the angle of rotation of the parts of the scraper relative to each other is not less than 90 ^about and not more than 180 ^about . The position of the scraper is determined relative to the base of the trough 7 by the so-called external angle of favorable grip chips (90 ^about + α), where the angle α varies from 20 ^about to 30 ^about , in the longitudinal axis of the vertical plane. The scraper rod is rigidly mounted on the middle traverse.

It should be noted unstable operation of the conveyor at small angles ^{(5 ° -10} °) due to the mobility of its maximum load. Instability is manifested in the deviation of the chain link under the action of the transported chips, i.e. displacement of the scraper in the opposite direction is possible with the formation of a wedge of chips between the scraper and the base of the gutter.

With an angle ^of more than 30 chips here during transportation will crawl, hinged on the scraper, which will bring to seal the chip scraper in the area, will increase the burden of the conveyor and the unloading process more difficult.

 The connection between the scraper and the bearing beam is rigid, between the protective screen and the bearing beam of the scraper it is hinged, and the protective screen has the form of a sinusoidal surface with a transition radius of curvature vertically up front and for the rear end down.

 The position of the loading hatch or the receiving device as a whole is determined by the shutter, which can take two positions; the hatch is open loading (Fig. 7) and the hatch is closed there is no loading (Fig. 8). The position "Sunroof is open" means the shutter 8 is installed in the extreme right position, at the same time the shutter closes the traction body from the loaded chips.

 The position “Sunroof is closed” is characterized by the initial position of the damper that there is no loading, since here the position “Passing the scraper” is fixed.

 The loading time is determined by the gap between the two positions of the scrapers 2. The calculated data shows that the distance between the scrapers is determined from 20 to 30 m, less than this distance the conveyor loading time is limited, the conveyor performance is reduced more. Thus, at a conveyor speed of 6 m / min with a total length of 1100 m, and if there are about 30 scrapers on the entire route, the load is determined in 5 min (for one hatch), here the distance between the scrapers is 30 m, if 10 min, then the distance 60 m

 If the maximum mass of shavings transported by one block is 0.5 tons, then the conveyor capacity will be determined at 7.5-8.0 t / h.

 For the proposed conveyor, the receiving device is equipped with a shutter 8 of a special design, which, when receiving chips, is open, and automatically closes when entering the area of the scraper block.

 In the process of transporting chips, vertical and horizontal directions of chip displacement in the zone of the groove 7 are possible.

 For example, a protective shield 3 is provided for vertical displacements.

 For small chips, sawtooth teeth 9 are provided at the lower end of the scraper, which provide constant loosening and its capture during transportation of twisted chips.

 With a significant amount of chip transportation and its uneven distribution along the width of the trough, scraper shifts to the side occur. In the case of a significant deviation from the longitudinal axis of the vertical plane, it is possible to touch the scraper with the walls of the gutter, which is not allowed, as galling of the surface of the gutter, overload of the traction body, etc. are possible. Touching the scraper 2 of the walls of the groove 7 can lead to the breakage of the traction body with the stop of the conveyor.

 In order to prevent such accidents, compensating rollers (or simply rollers) 10 are provided, which are installed on the back of the middle part of the scraper. The rollers 10 are installed in order to prevent touching the scraper, mainly in the loaded state, before the chip discharge. Thus, the path of the metal shavings from the machine through the screw conveyors to the receiving devices 11 into the working space of the trough 7, where it is picked up by scrapers of blocks suspended on the traverse 12 of the conveyor.

 When shavings are transported, the main load is experienced by the scraper 4, which, as a lever of the first kind, is deformed through the supporting beam 12 by the traction body 1. To mitigate this deformation, thrusts 5 are used that are articulated with both the supporting beam 12 and the scraper 4.

 In normal mode, the chips are collected and transported to work areas, unloading is carried out directly in the processing device or in the receiving bins (or in cars).

 When transporting chips, the main load is experienced by a scraper, which is rigidly connected to its crossarm 12, the latter with a protective shield 3. In addition, the scraper is pivotally attached to the rods 5, which in turn are pivotally attached to the supporting beam.

 For constant and reliable transportation of the chips, the scraper is made at a certain angle and at the same time, the successful operation of the scraper on the entire route is determined by the certain rigidity of the rods themselves, which ensure the reliability of the scraper on elevations and turns.

For example, when lifting a scraper, its free end describes a larger arc than its beam. Here, the backward action of the rods to the movement of the conveyor is revealed. The reverse action is compensated by the symmetric parts of the scraper, the position of which is determined by the angle between them from 180 ^about to 90 ^about , this is possible due to the hinged connection of the rod with the scraper.

 Here, when raising the scraper, the angle between the symmetrical parts increases, while descending it decreases.

 Unloading the conveyor is simple, that is, the discharge of a “lump” in the form of metal shavings into the receiving hopper for further processing is provided or simply dumped into a railway carriage.

 The conveyor’s further path after the chip discharge, as well as similar conveyors, having passed working areas, the track turns to the side or goes with a turn to rise, more often the latter, such an outcome is convenient.

 The technical side of the issue is that with the rotation of the conveyor path, all the scrapers are deformed at a radius, first of all, the protective screen 3 changes its position, then the scraper 4 and the tie rod 5. Since the tie rod is pivotally connected to the bearing beam and with the scraper, the tie rod turns on to experience tension (compression, on the other hand), as when lifting, the efforts of which will be directly transmitted to the scraper.

 Thus, the mobility of the scraper unit and the entire conveyor is manifested along the entire path from loading to unloading.

 The significant length of the conveyor with a relatively low metal intensity puts it in one of the first places among similar ones.

 The absence of obvious rubbing parts in the conveyor (except for the contact of the scraper and the trough) is a sufficient condition for the duration of this conveyor.

 The new design of the scraper and its layout compares favorably with the prototype and the known conveyors for chip removal.

 The possibility of chip separation at the final stage, i.e. Separation of the flow of twisted shavings separately along the chute, and crushed through a special slot down into the receiving hopper.

Claims (6)

 1. CONVEYOR FOR THE TRANSPORT OF METAL CHIP, including a chute with hatches for receiving chips, located in the inner cavity of the chute along the longitudinal axis of the latter, a guide for moving the traction body, a traction body located in the inner cavity of the chute with scrapers mounted on it and a drive for moving the traction body, characterized in that the connection of each scraper with the traction body is made in the form of three traverses installed with the possibility of movement along the guide and connected to the traction body, d a shaft of rods and a supporting rod fixed to the middle traverse, each scraper made in the form of two parts symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the bearing rod, each of which is pivotally connected to the bearing rod and installed with the possibility of limited rotation around the longitudinal axis of the bearing rod, and each rod one end is pivotally connected to one of the extreme traverses and the other end is pivotally connected to one of the parts of the corresponding scraper, the other extreme traverse of each connection ebka traction body is fixed to it a shield for limiting the vertical displacement of the chip in the working area of the scraper.  2. The conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that each protective screen has a sinusoidal working surface and is pivotally connected to the corresponding middle traverse. 3. The conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that each bearing rod is mounted to the longitudinal axis of the crosshead at an angle of not less than 60 ^o and not more than 70 ^o , while the angle of rotation of the parts of each scraper one relative to the other is not less than 90 ^o and not more 180 ^o .  4. The conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that each scraper has rollers located on the side of each part thereof for interacting with the walls of the trough.  5. The conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that each scraper has sawtooth teeth located on the lower end for loosening and gripping the chips.  6. The conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that the hatch for receiving shavings has a flap for moving the hatch installed with the ability to move.

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