RU2046434C1 - Pressure switch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gravimetric measurements. SUBSTANCE: salient feature of invention consists in provision for capability of switching on of gravimetric equipment at any specified depth. Pressure switch has case with cylindrical sockets where pistons are installed coupled to spring-loaded rod. One piston has constant diameter, the other one is manufactured separable with capability of change of diameter. Difference of areas of pistons ensures operation of switch under hydrostatic pressure at specified depth of basin. EFFECT: increased operational reliability and efficiency. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for uninhabited oceanographic devices, and more particularly, to a damper-float device for gravimetric measurements at a given depth of water basins.

 Known pressure switch [1] containing a housing consisting of two chambers, and in one chamber on the axis there is a two-arm lever, one shoulder of which is spring-loaded, and the other is installed with the possibility of interaction with a micro switch, and the other chamber is made with holes.

 Known pressure switch [2] adopted for the prototype, comprising a housing with a cylindrical protrusion in which a piston is mounted, the cylindrical protrusion and piston being covered by an elastic cap, a retainer, a micro switch, an axle with a load, vertically mounted in the housing.

 The disadvantages of these switches are the narrow scope, as well as the complexity of the designs (the housing consists of two chambers, one of which is filled with oil). Known switches are not reliable enough and cannot operate at a given depth.

 The basis of the invention is the technical task to provide the ability to include gravimetric equipment at any given depth.

 The technical result of the invention is the expansion of the functionality and scope of the pressure switch in the production of hydraulic surveys.

The goal is achieved due to the fact that the switch containing the housing with cylindrical sockets in which the pistons are installed, the cylindrical protrusions and pistons being covered by elastic caps, the latch and the microswitch, the spring-loaded axis (rod) located in the housing, have pistons of different diameters at their ends, as a result, the longitudinal movement of the axis in the housing does not occur under the action of the force of the weight of the suspended load and the compression force of the spring mounted on this axis, but under the influence of the difference of forces on different areas of the pistons at the end x axis (rod) resulting from hydrostatic pressure at the depth of the reservoir. The magnitude of the difference in the area of the pistons is selected depending on the magnitude of the compression force of the spring and a given working depth of the reservoir from the condition
Δ S _i F / P _i , where Δ S _{i the} difference in the area of the pistons;
F spring compression force;
P _i hydrostatic pressure at a given depth of the reservoir.

Thus, the area of the interchangeable piston located at one end of the axis (rod) is greater than the area of the rigidly fixed piston at the other end of the axis (rod) by an amount corresponding to the occurrence of a force difference equal to the compression force as a result of hydrostatic pressure at a given depth of the reservoir springs
S _i S + Δ S _i , where S _{i the} area of the interchangeable piston corresponding to a given depth of the reservoir;
S area of the rigidly fixed piston;
Δ S _{i the} difference in the area of the pistons, on which at a given depth there is a force equal to the compression force of the spring.

 The drawing shows a switch, a longitudinal section.

 Pistons 3 and 4 are installed in coaxially arranged cylindrical sockets 2 of the housing 1. Piston 3 of constant diameter is rigidly fixed to one end of the rod 5, preloaded by spring 6, and replaceable pistons of 4 different diameters are installed on the other end of the rod. The cylindrical socket in which the interchangeable pistons are installed have a diameter equal to the diameter of the piston, designed to operate the hydrostatic switch at a minimum working depth. With increasing working depth, replaceable pistons 4 are used, complete with corresponding bushings 7, which change the diameter of the cylindrical socket to the corresponding piston. In the middle part of the rod 5, the ring 8 and the pressure plate 9 for the microswitch 10 mounted on the wall of the housing 1 are installed with the possibility of adjusting movements. The microswitch is connected to the electrodes 11.

 The switch operates as follows.

 Before reaching the working depth of the equipment, the rod 5 of the switch under the action of the spring 6 is in the extreme position, which is limited by the landing of the piston 3 on the housing, while the spring 6 is in a preloaded state. The elastic cap 12 covering the cylindrical protrusion with the replaceable piston 4 is in a state of deformation, the ring 8 and the pressure plate 9 are in the lower position and the plate 9 does not touch the micro switch 10, the contacts of which are open.

 When the measuring device reaches the working depth for which the difference between the areas of the pistons 3 and 4 is calculated, as a result of hydrostatic pressure, a force greater than the force acting on the piston 3 acts by an amount equal to the compression force of the spring 6. As a result, the spring 6 is compressed, the rod 5 moves , ring 8 and plate 9, mounted on the rod 5, also move. The pressure plate 9 presses the button of the microswitch 10 and the measuring device is turned on.

 At the end of the work, when the ascent occurs, the hydrostatic pressure decreases, the force acting on the piston 4 decreases and becomes less than the compression force of the spring 6, which expands and moves the rod 5 to the opposite position, the plate 9 moves away from the microswitch button 10. The microswitch contacts open, measuring the device is turned off, all elements of the switch occupy the original position.

 To measure the working depth with measuring equipment, the replaceable piston 4 is replaced by a piston whose area corresponds to a given depth. Replacing the piston is as follows. The elastic cap 12 is removed, the piston 4 is removed, and the corresponding spacer sleeve 7 is inserted into the socket of the cylindrical protrusion, the piston 4 of the required diameter is installed at the end of the rod 5, the cap 12 is mounted on the cylindrical protrusion. The switch is ready to start measuring equipment at the next depth of the reservoir.

 The proposed hydrostatic switch is distinguished by both the simplicity of the design and the principle of its operation, and the simplicity of its reconfiguration to a given depth.

 The hydroacoustic switch can be installed on any geophysical or oceanological instrument container designed to take measurements at any depth of the reservoir.

Claims (1)

A PRESSURE SWITCH comprising a housing with a cylindrical protrusion in which a piston and a microswitch are mounted, the cylindrical protrusion and piston being sealed by an elastic cap, characterized in that it is provided with a second cylindrical protrusion with a piston and a sleeve, sealed by an elastic cap and spring-loaded rods with a plate, said pistons are interconnected by said spring-loaded rod, the plate is located on the spring-loaded rod with the possibility of interaction with a micro switch, The first piston is made with a constant diameter, and the second is removable with the possibility of changing the diameter, and the difference in the area of the pistons with constant and replaceable diameters depending on the depth of operation of the circuit breaker is selected from the condition
ΔS _i = F / P _i ,
where ΔS _{i the} difference in the area of the pistons at the i-th depth;
P _i hydrostatic pressure at the i-th depth;
F spring compression force.

Images