RU2045613C1 - Process of erection of hydraulic power station from floating module units - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water-development works. SUBSTANCE: in compliance with process of erection of hydraulic power station from floating module units part of water area is fenced off and drained, foundation is laid in its bottom, fenced-off area os flooded and floating module units are mounted on foundation. Part of water area is fenced off by means of transportable floating air-lock chamber. Floating module units are mounted on foundation by change of water level in lock chamber. EFFECT: expanded application field. 20 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used in the construction of facilities, mainly hydroelectric power plants, in conditions of relatively low head (up to 15-20 m).

Known methods for the construction of power plants from floating modular units, including the manufacture of large units at a special site, transporting them by water to the installation site and placing in a regular place. Each floating unit consists of separate modules, the space-planning structure of which allows them to be interconnected [1]
Built according to this method, the power plant is a floating complex. The blocks in the design position are afloat, this method can be used for the construction of thermal power plants and other facilities where the creation of a pressure front is not required.

Known methods of erecting a hydroelectric power station from floating modular units, in which a section of the water area is fenced off with the help of soil bridges, then the enclosed space is drained, pumping water out of it. At the bottom of the drained site, a foundation is being built. Then the jumpers are removed. The floating unit is assembled from separate modules at the factory, transported to the water area, launched and towed to the installation site. After that, the block is flooded and installed on a previously completed foundation. Next, the ballast cavities of the block are filled with concrete mixture or soil and the seams between the block and the foundation are closed using underwater cementation (concreting). Then, in the same way, the following floating modular blocks are mounted, matching them with previously installed blocks and the foundation [2]
Signs of the prototype, which coincide with the essential features of the invention: a method of erecting a hydroelectric power station from floating modular units, in which a section of the water area is fenced off, drained, a foundation is made at its bottom, the enclosed area is flooded and floating modular units are installed on the foundation.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the fact that only the foundation is being built dry. All work related to the interfacing of floating modular units with the banks, the foundation, among themselves, has to be done by underwater methods after the elimination of soil bridges. This greatly complicates and increases the cost of the construction process, lengthens its time, reduces the quality of work. In order to minimize the amount of underwater work, it is necessary to assemble the floating blocks in advance (in the factory or on the shore in the construction area) from the maximum possible number of individual modules in order to pair these modules not under water, but dry. However, the number of modules that can be pre-assembled into one floating block is limited by the draft of this block, which is the greater, the more modules are included in the block, as well as the surface dimensions of the block. The draft of the block must not exceed the minimum guaranteed navigable depths, and the surface dimensions must correspond to the passage dimensions of the watercourse (bridges, locks, power lines, etc.).

 The basis of the invention is the elimination of underwater construction and installation work when pairing floating blocks and individual modules, as well as when pairing them with the foundation and the banks, and thereby making it possible to erect the structure, if necessary, as separate modules or their various combinations. The task is to eliminate the causal relationship between the number of modules included in the floating unit and the volume of underwater construction and installation works (since the latter are generally excluded during the construction of the structure).

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method of erecting a hydroelectric power station from floating modular units, in which a section of the water area is partitioned off, it is drained, the foundation is filled at the bottom, the enclosed section is flooded and floating module blocks are installed on the foundation, new features are introduced: the area of the water area is enclosed by interchangeable lock chamber, while the installation of floating modular blocks on the foundation is carried out by changing the water level in the lock chamber.

 Thanks to the implementation of these new features, the object acquires a fundamentally new property (primary technical effect), which consists in the fact that the installation of the floating unit in the design position is not carried out by changing the buoyancy of the unit itself, not by flooding the unit, as is the case in the prototype method, but by changes in water level in a limited volume-lock chamber. In this case, when installing any separate floating element of the module, the lock chamber can be drained, and all work associated with pairing the module with the foundation and other modules can then be done dry.

 In addition, if in the prototype method it is only possible to lower the floating element below the water level in the water area, which is possible only for the lower sections of the structure, then in the claimed method it is possible to raise the floating element above the water level in the water area by raising the water level in the lock chamber above water level in the water area. This is essential for fluctuations in the water level in the water area, and also solves the problem of installing the upper sections of the structure by surfacing.

 Thanks to the invention, it is possible to completely exclude underwater construction and installation work, install the modules in any sequence and in any combination between them, to complete a hydroelectric power station entirely from floating elements (and not just its lower part).

 In FIG. 1 shows a floating floating sluice in plan at the time of enclosing a section of the water area, the elements of the sluice are located afloat; in FIG. 2, section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 the same, the elements of the floating lock are installed at the bottom and are interfaced with the shore; in FIG. 4 a section BB in FIG. 3; in FIG. 5 the same, the lock chamber is drained, the foundation is made at the bottom of the fenced off section of the water area; in FIG. 6 a section BB in FIG. 5; in FIG. 7 the gateway chamber is flooded with water, the entrance to the chamber is open and the modules of the floating unit are put into the chamber; in FIG. 8 section GG in FIG. 7; in FIG. 9 the lock chamber is closed, drained, while the modules are lowered to the foundation; in FIG. 10 section DD in FIG. nine; in FIG. 11, the lock chamber is filled with water, the entrance to the chamber is open, and the next modules of the floating unit are put into the chamber; in FIG. 12 is a section EE in FIG. eleven; in FIG. 13, the lock chamber is closed, drained below the level of the lower tier modules, the upper tier modules are installed and interfaced with the lower tier modules; in FIG. 14 is a section FJ in FIG. thirteen; in FIG. 15, the floating gateway is moved to the installation position for the subsequent floating modular unit, the floating interface sections of the gateway are brought in to interface its chamber with the previously installed floating modular unit; in FIG. 16 section II in FIG. fifteen; in FIG. 17 floating sluice is installed at the bottom, a section of the water area is fenced off; in FIG. 18 is a section KK in FIG. 17; in FIG. 19, the chamber of the floating lock is drained, the foundation for the next floating modular unit is made, in FIG. 20 a section LL in FIG. nineteen.

 The proposed method is implemented as follows.

 Section 1 of the water area adjacent to shore 2 is fenced off using a floating floating lock chamber. The movable floating lock chamber in a specific example is a prefabricated structure and includes longitudinal bridges 3, abutments 4 and transverse bridges 5.

 After fencing off section 1 of the water area in the cavity of the jumpers 3 and 5 and the abutments 4, water is pumped and they sink to the bottom of the water area (Figs. 3 and 4). Then the soil is washed in zone 6 of the contact of the floating lock chamber with the bottom of the water area and in zone 7 of its contact with the banks 2. After that, water is pumped out of the floating lock chamber, draining section 1 of the water area. Next, a foundation pit 8 is dry developed and its foundation 9 is carried out at the bottom (Figs. 5 and 6). Then, the floating lock chamber is filled with water (Fig. 6 and 7) to the water level in the water area, one or more transverse jumpers 5 are disconnected from it and down to the side downstream 5. Then, floating modular blocks 10 are introduced into the lock lock chamber, they are oriented above the foundation 9. Next, install jumpers 5 in the same place and pump out water from the lock chamber. In this case, the floating modular blocks 10 are lowered onto the foundation 9 (Figs. 9 and 10). After that, the seams 11 between blocks 10 and the foundation 9 are dryly monochromatic. Then, the lock chamber is again filled with water, the jumpers 5 are removed and the floating modular blocks 12 of the upper tier of the hydraulic structure are introduced into the chamber (Figs. 11 and 12), orienting them over the previously installed blocks 10.

 The lock chamber is again emptied to a level below the upper surface of the blocks 10, while lowering the blocks 12 onto this surface, the seams 13 between the blocks 10 and the blocks 12 are monochromatic dry (Figs. 13 and 14). (Similar to the seams 11 and 13, the seams between the modular blocks of each tier and between the modular blocks and the shore are monolithic). After that, the floating lock chamber is transferred afloat to the position of FIG. 15 and 16. To pair it with the mounted part of the hydraulic structure, additional longitudinal jumpers 14 are brought in to the surfacing, which are then set to the position of FIG. 17 and 18, sealing them with the bottom of the water area, previously installed floating modular units and adjacent elements of the floating lock chamber. Then the lock chamber is drained (Figs. 19 and 20) and then all operations are performed in the described sequence.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR BUILDING HYDRO POWER PLANTS FROM FLOATING MODULAR BLOCKS, in which a section of the water area is fenced off, drained, the foundation is flooded, the fenced area is flooded and floating modular blocks are installed on the foundation, characterized in that the area of the water area is enclosed by a removable buoyancy chamber floating modular blocks to the foundation are produced by changing the water level in the lock chamber to enable interfacing of floating modular blocks Cove between themselves and with the foundation cloth.