RU2045564C1 - Lyotropic liquid crystalline composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: in electronic optical devices. SUBSTANCE: a lyotropic liquid crystalline composition having a viscosity of less 8 carbon atoms than 10 Pa·s compress a surface active agent containing less than an amount of 5-55% of a solvent such as water and/or a water-immiscible solvent or completely or partially water-immiscible solvent, a solid having a free surface area energy of 18 to 240 mH/m and a particle size of less than 75 mcm in an amount of 0.5 to 50 wt and optionally surface active agents selected from the group consisting of lower ester, fatty alcohols and mixtures thereof, a water-soluble polymer with a α value of 0.6 to 1.115 which defines winding ability and permeability for media in an amount of 1 to 40 wt as well as a mixture of non-ionic polymers an amount of 0.5 to 30 wt The total amount of water, a water-immisible solvent, a water-missible solvent or a partially water-missible organic solvent and an additional surface active agent varies from 15 to 94.5 by weight of the lyotropic liquid-crystalline composition, and this amount together with the surface active agent containing at least 8 carbon atoms form a suspension or a solution. EFFECT: improved properties of the composition. 5 cl

Description

 The invention relates to a lyotropic liquid crystalline composition, where the orientation of the liquid crystals is due to interaction with a dispersed solid surface (seeding).

 For lyotropic liquid crystal systems, a common characteristic is that they, together with the solvent, contain a high number of amphipathic molecules that carry both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic group (s) of atoms. Moucharafieh and Triberg ["First comprasion between agneous and nonagueons Lyotropic liguid crystal", Mol. Cryst.Lig.Cryst. 49, Leturs 231-238 (1979) found, for example, an ordered (oriented) structure in systems in which the amount of amphipathic substance exceeded 55 wt. in the case of water as a solvent and 45 wt. in the case of ethylene glycol as a solvent (the rest is a solvent).

 Own experiments of the inventors led to similar results. A high amount of surfactant is necessary regardless of the ionic nature of the amphipathic substance. Tiddy and his collaborators ("Structure of eiqued-crystalline phase formed by sodium didege sulphate and water as determined by optical microscopy, X-ray" diffraction and nuclear magnette resonance spectroscopy ", J. Chem. Soc. Taraday Lrans, 1.77) confirmed that sodium dodecyl sulfate (as a typical anionic surfactant) at a concentration of 67 wt.% forms a liquid crystalline system with water.

 In addition to the high amount of surfactant, other problems appear in these conventional liquid crystal systems. Heusch ("Liquid-crystalline properties of surfactants", Proc. VII Intern.lonqr. On Sufractants, M. 1978, pp. 911-940) studied anionic, cationic and nonionic surfactants and found that the viscosity of systems with the lyotropic liquid crystal structure (determined by a Hepler viscometer) exceeded the upper measurement limit (= 50,000 mP / s) of the viscometer. Systems with such a high viscosity cannot be used in practice or can only be used in certain extreme areas (for example, cleaning gels).

 Numerous experiments have been carried out to develop a lyotropic liquid crystal system in which the content of the surfactant does not reach the lower limit of the above concentration range from 45 to 70 wt. A common property of compositions developed in this way is that they contain another amphipathic substance along with a surfactant, which is called a complementary surfactant, capillary-active substance, or amphipyl. After Ekwall Danielson ["The association of alky-chaim salts in apolar media", Proc. VII. Intern. Conqr. on.Sufractants, M. 1978, p. 1010-1037) investigated such systems in which the amount of sodium octenoate as a surfactant is from 6 to 27 wt. the amount of water 5-33 wt. while the amount of decanol as a complementary surfactant is 70-95 wt. Considering the fact that decanol forms a transition between surfactant and complementary surfactants, the result was not unexpected. James u Heatheoock ["Electron and optical microscopy study of the lameller mesophase reqion of the water / sodium octanoate / decanol ternary system", J. Chem / Soc. Taraday Jrans. 1.77, 2857-2865 (1981)] came to the same conclusion.

 The formation of a liquid-crystalline structure is very important, since it provides the thermodynamic stability of the composition and the constancy of precipitation of the dispersed substance. But the advantageous properties of known liquid crystal systems cannot be used in practice, partly due to economic reasons (which can be explained primarily by the high content of surfactant and / or complementary surfactant), partly due to the extremely high viscosity (several hundred thousand MP / c) composition.

 They sought to obtain a system that retains for a longer time a liquid-crystalline structure upon dilution.

 A lyotropic liquid crystalline composition with a viscosity of less than 10 Pa / s is proposed, including a surfactant containing at least 8 carbon atoms and a solvent, characterized in that the composition further comprises a solid with a free surface energy of 18-240 mN / M and a particle size of less than 75 μm, said solid being grafted onto a surfactant contained in a suspension or in a solution to form lyotropic liquid crystals, and as a solvent, the composition contains water and / or immiscible with water or miscible completely or partially with water, the solvent in the following ratio, wt.

Surfactant 5-55 Solid 0.5-50 Solvent Else
Ponetration (permeability) of the polymer (i.e., the degree of tortuosity of their structure) can be characterized by an indicator a of the relationship between the limiting viscosity number and molecular weight according to Kuhn, Mark and Houwink [see S. Rohrsetzer: "Kolloidika", Ed. Tankonyvkiado, 1986; m DJShaw: (Introduction to Colloid Chemistry and Surface Chemistry), Ed. Müszaki Konyvkiado ", 1986.

 The composition can be obtained in such a way that a solution or suspension that contains a surfactant containing at least 8 at. C in an amount of 5-55% water solvent and / or a water-immiscible solvent or a solvent miscible wholly or partially with water, if necessary, which contains a surfactant selected from the group consisting of a complex lower ester, and a water-soluble polymer with α = 0.6-1.115, characterizing the winding of fatty alcohol and their mixtures are seeded with solids ohm with a free surface energy of 18-240 mN / m and a particle size of less than 75 microns, which is grafted onto a surfactant and permeability to the medium in an amount of 1-40 wt.

 A substance with free surface energy from 18 to 240 mN / m can also be obtained by dissolving the auxiliary substances and seeding with a solid substance at the same time.

 As surfactants, ionic (anionic and cationic) and / or nonionic and / or amphoteric surfactants can be taken into account. Suitable anionic surfactants are: salts of carboxylic acids, for example, fatty acid soap; sulfates, for example, alkyl sulfites, preferably sodium dodecyl sulfate; sulfonic acid salts, for example alkylbenzenesulfates; phosphates, for example, alkyl phosphates and their salts; esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols with inorganic acids (preferably sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid) and their salts. Suitable cationic surfactants are ammonium salts, for example cetyltrimethylammonium halides, quaternary nitrogen compounds, for example, N-alkylpyridinium salts; salts of the addition products of alkyl amines or alkyl amides with ethylene oxide, for example, ethoxylated coconut fatty acid amide. Suitable nonionic surfactants are: fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, for example, ethoxylated dianhydrosorbitol stearates; orthophosphoric esters; as well as ethylene oxide addition products, for example polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters; ethylene oxide fatty alcohol coupling products; alkyl phenol addition products with ethylene oxide, preferably polyglycol ethers of alkyl phenols; addition products of alkyl amines or alkyl amides with ethylene oxide; addition products of polypropylene glycols with ethylene oxide; alkyl polyethylene glycol ether orthophosphoric ester. Suitable amphoteric surfactants: preferably internal salts of betaines or derivatives of phosphoric acid with choline.

 As solvents, water, aliphatic and / or aromatic solvents, such as mineral oils and low molecular weight ketones, monohydric or polyhydric alcohols and esters, vegetable and animal oils, as well as saturated or unsaturated carbonic acids containing 1-6 carbon atoms can be used acids and unsaturated carboxylic acids with more than 6 carbon atoms.

 Suitable additional surfactants: alcohols and esters containing one or more polar groups; fatty alcohols, for example isooctanol and dodecanol.

 Suitable polymers: polyetrolytes, neutral polymers, natural micromolecules and their derivatives, as well as polypeptides, the magnitude of which is higher than 0.6.

 Suitable solids with a free surface energy of 18 to 240 mN / m are: quartz, anatase, polyvinyl chloride, lead, polytetrafluoroethylene.

The measurement results indicated in the examples are based on two measurement methods:
the liquid crystal structure was proved in the composition using a polarizing microscope (using a crossed polarizer and analyzer, using gypsum I red plate);
structural degradation after dilution was determined as the result of the amount of surfactant released from the layer. The destruction was also observed using the comparative method: the surface tension of the diluted composition according to the invention and not containing a seed substance, but diluted to the same concentration of the comparative system, was measured as a function of time. It was found that the surfactant in any case remains on a solid surface in an amount exceeding adsorption by several orders of magnitude, which is manifested, for example, also in the difference between the measured surface tensions, in the measurement of time of surface tensions and in the measurement of time of surface tension. It has been found that this liquid crystal layer adhering to a solid surface has a beneficial effect on the stability of aggregation and sedimentation.

 The compositions of the invention are explained below in more detail based on examples.

 PRI me R 1. 27 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate 53 wt. water; 20 wt. polyvinyl chloride K70 powder (47 mN / m; with a diameter of d 20-56 mm), (η 2.03 Pa / s).

The specified composition with a surfactant content of 33.75 wt. in terms of the liquid phase, it shows the liquid crystal structure proved by a polarizing microscope. The sodium dodecyl sulfate water system known from the literature forms a liquid crystalline structure only if the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate is more than 67%
PRI me R 2. 30 wt. nonylphenol polyglycol ether (10 EO); 60 wt. water; 10 wt. anatase (85 mN / m; d 12-20 m), (η 1.18 Pa / s).

 The specified composition with a surfactant content of 33.33 wt. in terms of the liquid phase, it shows a picture typical of lyotropic liquid crystals under a microscope. Nonylphenol ether polyglycol ether (10 EO) forms a liquid-crystalline structure in water at a concentration of 55 wt., According to the literature and at a concentration of 58 wt. according to own measurements.

 PRI me R 3. 32.5 wt. ethoxylated anhydrosorbitol monostearate 0.5 wt. lead (240 mH / m; d 10-75 mm); 67 wt. water; (η 1.67 Pa / s).

 The specified composition with a surfactant content of 32.7 wt. in terms of medium, shows the structure proved by the microscope. Without seeding, the surfactant gives a lyotropic liquid crystal structure only at a concentration of 40 wt.

(18 мН/м; d 5-8 мм), (η 12,17 Па/с).PRI me R 4. 54 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate; 29 wt. water; 20 wt. Teflon

(18 mN / m; d 5-8 mm), (η 12.17 Pa / s).

 Sodium dodecyl sulfate gives an ordered (oriented) liquid crystal structure in water at a concentration of 67 wt. while the above composition is a crystalline liquid already at a concentration of 63.7 wt.

 PRI me R 5. 20 wt. ethoxylated containing 12-16 carbon atoms of fatty alcohol (4 EO); 32 wt. water; 8 wt. n-hexadecane; 40 wt, quartz (120 mN / s; d 1-5 mm), (η 2.70 Pa / s).

 The system used for comparison contains 40 wt. ethoxylated fatty alcohol; 50 wt. water and 10 wt. n-hexadecane. The above composition contains 33.3 wt. surfactant, 53.3 wt. water and 13.3 wt. hexadecane, in terms of the liquid phase. The liquid crystal structure can be proved by an optical microscope.

 PRI me R 6. 20 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate, 20 wt. n-dodecanol; 20 wt. n-dodecane; 20 wt. water 20 wt. polyvinyl chloride K70 (7 mN / m; d 20-56 mm), (η1.13 Pa / s).

 The intact system forms a liquid crystal at a content of 40 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate, 20 wt. n-dodecanol, 20 wt. n-dodecane and 20 wt. water, while the above composition contains the named components in amounts of 25-20 wt. in terms of the liquid phase. In both cases, the structure was proved by a polarizing microscope.

 PRI me R 7. 5 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol monostearate; 5 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate; 40 wt., Ethanol. 5 wt. n-hexanol; 5 wt. n-dodecanol; 40 wt. quartz (120 mN / m; d 1-5 mm), (η 2.18 Pa / s).

 The intact system forms a lyotropic liquid crystal with a content of 20 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol monostearate, 13 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10 wt. n-hexanol, 10 wt. n-dodecanol and 47 wt. ethanol, while the above composition contains each complementary surfactant in an amount of 8.3 wt. and ethanol in the amount of 66.7 wt. in terms of the liquid phase. The structure was proven by a microscope.

 PRI me R 8. 35 wt. cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; 45 wt. water; 20 wt. quartz powder (120 mN / m; d 1-5 mm), (η 0.89 Pa / s).

 Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide gives a liquid crystalline structure with water at a concentration of 56 wt. while the above composition forms a lyotropic system already at 43.7 wt. in terms of the liquid phase.

 PRI me R 9. 10 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate; 60 wt. isooctanol; 10 wt. ethylene glycol; 20 wt. anatase (85 mN / m; d 12-20 mm) (η 1.76 Pa / s).

 Oxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate forms a liquid crystalline phase in a mixture of isooctanol and ethylene glycol only at a concentration of 40 wt. The specified composition contains 12.5 wt. surfactant, calculated on the liquid phase.

 PRI me R 10. 3 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate 3 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate; 20 wt. water; 24 wt. n-dodecanol; 50 wt. quartz (120 mN / m; d 1-5 mm), (η 1.28 Pa / s).

 A 1: 1 mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate and ethoxylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate gives a diotropic liquid crystal system with water in the presence of n-dodecanol only at a concentration of 23 wt. without seeding with quartz.

(18 мН/м; d 5-8 мм), (η 0,78 Па/с).PRI me R 11. 20 wt. ethoxylated castor oil (35 EO); 35 wt. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfanate; 25 wt. n-butanol; 10 wt., Paraffin oil (pharmacopoeia quality of medicines); 10 wt. Teflon

(18 mN / m; d 5-8 mm), (η 0.78 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a liquid crystal structure, which can be proved by a microscope. Without Teflon, an approximate structure is formed only if the amount of ethoxylated castor oil is increased by 10 wt.

 PRI me R 12. 10 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate; 10 wt. water; 5 wt. cholesterol; 50 wt. n-dodecane; 15 wt. anatase (85 mN / m; d 12-20 mm), (η 1.59 Pa / s).

 Cholesterol is dissolved in dodecane and then added to the system. The composition forms a lyotropic liquid-crystalline structure, which shows under a microscope a characteristic pattern for layered lyotropic liquid crystals.

 PRI me R 13. 13 wt. blockoligomer of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide (quality corresponding to Pf 10 geneapole); 65 wt. water; 7 wt. caffeine; 15 wt. polyethylene (21 mN / m; d about 30 mm), (η 1.5 Pa / s).

 Caffeine is dissolved in water and a composition is prepared with this water. Under a microscope, the composition has a structure characteristic of radially oriented liquid crystals.

 PRI me R 14. 10 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate, 20 wt. water; 5 wt. cholesterol; 30 wt. n-dodecane; 20 wt. butyl acetate; 15 wt, anatase (85 mN / m; d 12-20 mm).

 Cholesterol is dissolved in a mixture of n-dodecane and butyl acetate and added to the system. The composition forms a lyotropic liquid crystal, which under a microscope gives a picture typical of layered lyotropic liquid crystals.

 PRI me R 15. 25 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate; 54 wt. water; 1 wt, polyvinylpyrrolidone (with a molecular weight of 25,000, and 0.85); 20 wt. polyvinyl chloride in powder (47 mN / m; d 20-56 mm), (η 3.03 Pa / s).

 PRI me R 16 (control). 25 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate 54 wt. water; 1 wt. polyvinylpyrrolidone (with a molecular weight of 1.2 million, a 0.52), 20 wt. K70 polyvinyl chloride (47 mN / m; d 20-56 mm).

 The compositions of examples 15 and 16 represent lyotropic liquid crystal, but the dilution of the composition of example 16 to 5 wt. water does not cause the appearance of characteristics that indicate a particle bound to the liquid crystalline layer. If the composition according to example 1 is diluted to the same concentration, then 65% of the surfactant, even 60 minutes after dilution, remain in a bound state.

 PRI me R 17. 5 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol monostearate; 44.99 wt. water; 0.01 wt. poly-L-glutamic acid (with mol.m. 10000, and 1.115).

 50 wt. quartz (120 mN / m; d 1-5 mm), (η 2.28 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a lyotropic liquid crystal; the adherent layer contains 28% of the initial amount of surfactant after 60 minutes

(18 мН/м; d 5-8 мм), (η 1,42 Пa/с).PRI me R 18. 10 wt. nonylphenol polyglycol ether (10 EO); 40 wt., Water; 40 wt. oxypolyethylene (with a molecular weight of 1000, and 0.82), 10 wt. Teflon

(18 mN / m; d 5-8 mm), (η 1.42 Pa / s).

(18 мН/м; d 5-8 мм).PRI me R 19 (control). 10 wt. nonylphenol polyglycol ether (10 EO); 40 wt. water; 40 wt. polyethylene oxide (with a molecular weight of 20,000, and 0.46), 10 wt. Teflon

(18 mN / m; d 5-8 mm).

 In the case of the composition of Example 18, the bonding layer contains 72% lowering the surface tension of the components 60 minutes after diluting the composition to a 20-fold volume with water, while the composition of contrasted Example 19 retains less than 10% of the surfactant.

 PRI me R 20. 15 wt. octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; 50 wt. water, 25 wt. polyethylene oxide (with a molecular weight of 1000, and 0.82); 5 wt. polyvinyl ethyl alcohol (with a molecular weight of 18000, and 0.77), 4.5 wt. isopropanol, 0.5 wt. lead (240 mN / m; d 10-75 mm), (η 2.20 Pa / s).

 The composition is a lyotropic liquid crystal. If this composition is diluted to a concentration of 5 ml of the composition (100 ml of the dispersion in the aqueous system, then the amount of bound surfactant is 65% 60 minutes after dilution.

 PRI me R 21. 15 wt. ethoxylated containing 12-15 carbon atoms of fatty alcohol (15 EO); 67 wt. water; 5 wt. sodium polyacrylate (with a molecular weight of 25,000, and 1.08); 13 wt. anatase (85 mN / m, d 12-20 mm), (η 2.35 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a lyotropic liquid crystal. If this composition is diluted to a concentration of 5 ml of the composition / 100 ml of the dispersion, then the amount of bound surfactant is 90% 60 minutes after dilution.

 PRI me R 22. 9.5 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol monostearate; 40 wt., Water; 20 wt. isopropanol, 20 wt., ethylene glycol; 0.25 wt. polyvinyl alcohol (with a molecular weight of 78,000, and 0.77); 0.25 wt. polyvinylpyrrolidone (with a molecular weight of 41,000, and 0.85); 10 wt. K70 polyvinyl chloride (47 mN / m; d 20-56 mm), (η 3.12 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a liquid crystal. If this composition is diluted with water to its threefold volume, then 55% of the surfactant is contained 60 minutes after dilution.

 PRI me R 23. 15 wt. ethoxylated castor oil (35 EO); 40 wt. n-hexanol; 20 wt. n-dodecanol, 20 wt. n-dodecane; 2 wt. polyethyleneimine (with a molecular weight of 12,000, and 0.89); 3 wt. quartz (120 mN / m; d 1-5 mm) (η 1.14 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a liquid crystal. If this composition is diluted with water to its 20-fold volume, the amount of bound surfactant is 30% 60 minutes after dilution.

 PRI me R 24. 51 wt. sodium dodecyl sulfate; 42 wt. water; 0.25 wt. polyacrylic acid (with a molecular weight of 50,000, and 0.91), 0.25 wt. oligodextran (with a molecular weight of 2000, and 0.60); 6.5 wt. K70 polyvinyl chloride (47 mN / m; d 20-56 mm), (η 3.45 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a lyotropic liquid crystal, if it is diluted with water to its 20-fold volume, then 25% of the surfactant is contained in a viscous state 60 minutes after dilution.

 PRI me R 25. 20 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate; 40 wt. water; 10 wt. polyacrylamide (with a molecular weight of 10,000, and 0.84); 20 wt. quartz (120 mN / m; d 1-5 mm) (η 3.27 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a lyotropic liquid crystal; if it is diluted with water to its 20-fold volume, then 70% of the surface-active components remain for another 60 minutes after dilution in the bound state.

 PRI me R 26. 10 wt. ethoxylated amine of animal fat (25 EO, with an amine number of 0.25); 49.5 wt. water; 0.5 wt. polyacrylamide (with a molecular weight of 5 million, and 0.80); 40 wt. quartz (120 mN / m; d 1-5 mm), (η 2.76 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a lyotropic liquid crystal, if it is diluted with water to its 20-fold volume, then 92% of the surfactant is retained for another 60 minutes after dilution in a bound state.

 PRI me R 27.10 wt. blockoligomer of ethylene oxide propylene oxide (with a quality corresponding to the geneapole Pf 10); 68 wt. water; 5 wt. caffeine; 2 wt. oligodextran (with a molecular weight of 2000, and 0.60), 15 wt. polyethylene (21 mN / m; d 30 mm), (η 1.8 Pa / s).

 The specified composition forms a lyotropic liquid crystal. If the composition is diluted with water to its 6-fold volume, then the lyotropic structure remains on the surface of the particles; 60 minutes after dilution, 55% of the surfactant are in a bound state. During the preparation, an aqueous solution of caffeine is used.

 PRI me R 28. 10 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate; 20 wt. ethylene glycol; 50 wt. dodecane; 5 wt. cholesterol; 5 wt. polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide (with a molecular weight of 10,000, and 0.84), 10 wt. anatase (85 mN / m; d 12-20 mm), (η 1.14 Pa / s).

 Upon receipt, a solution of cholesterol in dodecane is used. The composition shows under a microscope a characteristic pattern for layered lyotropic structures. If the composition is diluted with water to its 25-fold volume, the bound structure remains on the surface of the particles; 60 minutes after dilution, 40% of the surfactant are still in a bound state.

 PRI me R 29. 10 wt. hydroxyethylated anhydrosorbitol tristearate; 20 wt. ethylene glycol; 50 wt. dodecane; 5 wt. cholesterol; 5 wt. polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide (with a molecular weight of 10,000, and 0.84) x 10 wt., anatase (85 mN / m; d 12-20 mm), (η 1.5 Pa / s).

 Upon receipt, a solution of cholesterol in ethylene glycol is used. The composition under a microscope is characteristic of layered lyotropic structures. If the composition is diluted with water to its 25-fold volume, the bound structure remains on the surface of the particles; 60 minutes after dilution, 40% of the surfactant is still in a bound state.

Claims (4)

 1. LIOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTAL COMPOSITION with a viscosity of less than 10 Pa · s, including a surfactant containing at least 8 carbon atoms, and a solvent, characterized in that the composition further comprises a solid with a free surface energy of 18,240 mN / m and a particle size of less than 75 μm, the solid being grafted onto the surfactant contained in the suspension or in solution, resulting in lyotropic liquid crystals, and the composition contains water as a solvent and / or not miscible with water or miscible completely or partially with water, the solvent in the following ratio, wt. Surfactant 5 55
Solid 0.5 50.0
Solvent Else
2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises 5 to 60 wt. a surfactant selected from the group consisting of lower ester, fatty alcohol and mixtures thereof, the total amount of water not miscible with water, miscible or partially miscible organic solvent and additional surfactant is 15 94, 5% by weight of the lyotropic liquid crystal composition, moreover, together with a surfactant containing at least 8 carbon atoms, forms a suspension or solution.  3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a water-soluble polymer with a value of α = 0.6-1.115, characterizing winding and permeability to the medium, and the polymer is contained in an amount of 1 to 40 wt.  4. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a mixture of nonionic polymers, the total amount of which is 0.5 to 30 wt.  5. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as a solid substance having a free surface energy of 18,240 mN / m and a particle size of less than 100 microns, a substance selected from the group consisting of quartz, anatase, polyvinyl chloride, lead, polytetrafluoroethylene.