RU204438U1 - HIGH-PRESSURE AIR-ENERGY WATER JET TURBO ENGINE USING MICRO-DISPERSED AIR-WATER MIXTURE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to shipbuilding, namely to water jet propulsion for ships and other floating facilities. The technical result of the utility model is to increase the jet thrust force and the efficiency of using compressed air energy, which is achieved due to the fact that a water jet turbo engine powered by high pressure air using microdispersed air - a water mixture containing a pipe, on the inner side of which nozzles are located, made with the possibility of supplying compressed air, turbines are coaxially located inside the pipe behind the nozzles, characterized in that the pipe consists of several coaxially connected segments, each of the pipe segments being made expanding at the inlet part, and tapering at the outlet part, while the tapering end of the first pipe segment is located in the expanding segment of the second pipe with the formation of a gap between the pipe segments. 2 c.p. f-ly, 1 dwg.

Description

The utility model relates to shipbuilding, namely to water-jet propulsion of ships and other floating craft. [B63H 11/02, B63H 11/02].

From the prior art known EJECTOR ENGINE (VERSIONS) [RU (11) 72 195 (13), publ. 10.04.2008]. An ejector propulsion device consisting of a working chamber and an ejector, characterized in that it is equipped with a centrifugal pump, a high-pressure chamber, a sealed chamber, openings for supplying air or exhaust gases, an air chamber, a mixing chamber, and ejector and propulsion nozzles.

An ejector propulsion device consisting of a working chamber, a combustion chamber and an ejector, characterized in that it is equipped with a centrifugal pump, a high-pressure chamber, a sealed chamber, openings for supplying air or exhaust gases, an air chamber, a mixing chamber, ejector and propulsion nozzles, an ignition plug and a nozzle.

An ejector propulsion device, consisting of a working chamber and an ejector, characterized in that it is equipped with a centrifugal pump, a screw, a high-pressure chamber, a sealed chamber, openings for supplying air or exhaust gases, an air chamber, a mixing chamber, ejector and propulsion nozzles, cavities and windows for water supply, and cavities for air suction with nozzles, the ejector has two chambers, the propeller nozzle has blades, and slots are applied to the screw.

The disadvantages of the analog are:

the need to use an additional source of energy, namely fuel for the ejector propulsion device;

high structural complexity due to the presence of such functional elements as a working chamber, a centrifugal pump, a mixing chamber, ejector nozzles and a propeller, which complicates the production of an analogue and complicates maintenance during operation.

Also known from the prior art is a JET ENGINE [RU (11) 94 026 015 (13) publ. 08/27/1996], containing a water supply pipe, on which a jet nozzle is fixed, and an air supply pipe connected to a water supply pipe and a compressor, characterized in that the propulsion unit is double-circuit in order to use the energy of compressed air and exhaust gases of the motor compressor.

The disadvantages of this analog are:

high structural complexity, due to the presence of a two-circuit engine, which complicates and increases the cost of manufacturing a product and its maintenance during operation;

the need to use an additional source of energy, namely fuel for a two-circuit propulsion device.

The closest in technical essence is the SHIPPING ENGINE PLANT [GB1323872, publ. 07/18/1973], containing an annular channel, within which the water flowing in it is mixed with gas to obtain a homogeneous two-phase flow, which behaves like a compressible fluid; a rotor having a single row of blades located within the duct, with the forward portion of the upstream vanes connected to an axial pump to increase the pressure of the water entering the duct, while the downstream portion of the blades forming a reaction turbine; an outlet section of the annular channel that allows expansion of the compressible fluid; the flow of the water-gas mixture during the expansion process, interacting with the turbine section of the blades to drive the rotor.

The main technical problem of the prototype is the low value of the thrust force at the outlet of the propulsion system, due to the fact that the design of the installation provides for one annular channel, inside which the water flowing in it mixes with gas, then the resulting water-gas mixture is the main source of creation jet thrust through the system of the turbine section of the blades and the rotor. At the same time, due to the fact that mixing with gas occurs only at the inlet of the annular channel, a sufficient pressure value inside the annular channel is not provided to create the required reactive thrust force. As the water-gas mixture moves along the annular channel through the system of turbine sections, there is no additional gas injection to further increase the volume of the mixture, and therefore part of the energy is dissipated along the movement in the annular channel due to hydraulic losses (friction losses along the length) and local hydraulic losses (due to the presence of obstacles in the direction of the flow, in particular turbines) and a high value of the jet thrust force at the outlet of the propulsion system is not provided.

The task of the utility model is to eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the jet thrust force.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that a turbo engine based on an air-water mixture, containing a pipe, on the inner side of which nozzles are located, made with the possibility of supplying compressed air, turbines are coaxially located inside the pipe behind the nozzles, characterized in that the pipe consists of two coaxially interconnected segments, with each of the pipe segments expanding at the inlet part and tapering at the outlet part, while the tapering end of the first pipe segment is located in the expanding segment of the second pipe with the formation of a gap between the pipe sections.

In particular, the first section houses more than one turbine.

In particular, more than one turbine is located in the second pipe section.

In particular, nozzles are located between the turbines of the first and second pipe sections.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an air-water mixture turbo engine.

The drawings indicate:

1 - pipe, 2 - nozzle, 3 - turbine, 4 - axle.

Implementation of the utility model

A turbo engine based on an air-water mixture consists of a pipe 1 consisting of two coaxially interconnected segments, each of the segments is made expanding at the inlet part, and tapering at the outlet part, while the tapering end of the first pipe segment is placed in the expanding segment of the second pipe with the formation of a gap between the sections of the pipe 1. Inside the pipe 1, on the inner side of the walls of the first and second segments, there are nozzles 2, which are connected to a source of compressed air, for example, a high-pressure pump with a storage tank, which is located outside the internal volume of the pipe 1 (on not shown). Inside the first and second sections of the pipe 1, behind the nozzles 2, there are turbines 3, rigidly connected to each other by an axis 4.

An air-water mixture turbo engine functions as follows.

Initially, the pipe 1 is immersed in water. Further, the source of compressed air supplies high-pressure air to the nozzles 2, due to which the high-pressure air intensively mixes with water and creates an air-water mixture, which is a foam formation. Further, the foam formation fills the first section of the pipe 1 and displaces water towards the second section of the pipe 1 through the tapering end of the first section of the pipe 1, in turn, the movement of water causes the rotation of the turbine system 3. The presence of the tapering part of the first pipe segment 1 further increases the pressure of the air-water mixture on the walls of the pipe 1, and as a result accelerates its movement. Thus, the energy of the water flow is converted into the rotary motion of the turbines 3. At the same time, due to the fact that the nozzles 2 additionally supply high-pressure air to the pipe 1, the volume of the air-water mixture increases, which accelerates its movement through the pipe 1 and increases the speed rotation of turbines 3. Further, the air-water mixture enters the second section of the pipe 1, where additional water is supplied through the gaps between the sections of the pipe 1. The geometry of the pipe 1 used, namely that the tapering end of the first segment of the pipe 1 is located in the expanding segment of the second pipe 1, provides an increase in the speed of the flow of water passing through the gap between the sections of the pipe 1 with an increase in the speed of the object. In the second section of the pipe 1, the foam formation from the first section of the pipe 1 is mixed with the flow of water from the gaps between the sections of the pipe 1 and then high pressure air is injected from the nozzles 2, which also increases the volume of the air-water mixture, and as a result, increases the speed of the turbine 3, located in front of the tapering hole of the second section of the pipe 1. At the same time, due to the presence of a rigid connection of the turbines with the axis 4, an additional acceleration of the water flow is realized due to the transfer of torque to the turbine 3 in the first section of the pipe 1. Further, the air-water mixture fills the available volume of the internal the space of the second section of the pipe 1 and displaces the air-water mixture towards its tapering part.

As the air-water mixture moves, the air separates from the water and combines into larger and larger air bubbles, which then escape into the atmosphere in a separate stream at the top of the pipe. Thus, the water flow at the outlet of the second section of the pipe 1, formed from the air-water mixture (foam), receives directed energy of motion, which is used as a source of jet thrust.

The technical result of the utility model, an increase in the thrust force, is achieved due to the fact that the pipe 1 consists of two coaxially interconnected segments, while each of the segments is made expanding at the inlet part, and tapering at the outlet part, while the tapering end of the first pipe segment placed in the expanding segment of the second pipe with the formation of a gap between the sections of the pipe 1, which provides additional water supply to the second section of the pipe 1, when the object moves. The additional flow of water provides an additional increase in the volume of the air-water mixture, as a result, increases the speed of rotation of the turbine 3 located in front of the tapering opening of the second section of pipe 1, which ensures the transfer of torque to the turbine 3 in the first section of the pipe 1, thereby increasing the reactive thrust at the outlet the second section of the pipe 1. At the same time, the possibility of additional water supply between the turbines 3 also provides compensation for hydraulic losses arising from the movement of the air-water mixture through the pipe 1.

In 2020, the applicant manufactured a prototype of the claimed technical solution, trial operation, which was confirmed by the claimed technical result.

In 2020, the applicant manufactured a prototype of the claimed technical solution, the trial operation of which confirmed the claimed technical result, the increase in the jet thrust was about 35%.

At the same time, the use of an air-water mixture for a prototype relative to an air mixture is justified by the fact that the density of air is about 800 times less than the density of water, therefore compressed air does not transfer its energy to a more viscous and dense medium. Therefore, in the case of using only air blowing, the air will transfer a small part of the energy and go up to the water surface. If you mix air and water into a bubble mixture and give it the opportunity to rise up an inclined plane, while forming a directed flow of water, the efficiency of energy transfer will increase significantly.

The limited volume of storage of compressed air, as well as the technological complexity of creating and transferring large volumes of compressed air, does not allow making the process of energy transfer time-consuming. In this regard, the proposed device has an auxiliary purpose. The claimed device can be used when moving surface and underwater craft in the mooring area, as well as for moving over short distances without using the main engine of the floating craft.

Claims (3)

1. A turbo engine based on an air-water mixture, containing a pipe, on the inner side of which nozzles are located, made with the possibility of supplying compressed air, turbines are coaxially located inside the pipe behind the nozzles, characterized in that the pipe consists of two coaxially connected segments, when In this case, each of the pipe segments is made expanding at the inlet part, and tapering at the outlet part, while the tapering end of the first pipe segment is placed in the expanding segment of the second pipe with the formation of a gap between the pipe sections. 2. The turbo engine according to claim 1, characterized in that several turbines are sequentially placed in the segments. 3. The turbo engine according to claim 2, characterized in that nozzles are located between the turbines of the first and second pipe sections.

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