RU2041167C1 - Method for sorption treatment of drinking water - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: natural or potable water is filtered through ground magnetite quartzite and crushed zeolite at a water flow rate of 1.2-1.5 l/min and a relation of volume of sorbents to hourly volume of water of 1:36-45 and an equal mass relation of sorbents. EFFECT: enrichment of treated drinking water with balanced amount of potassium needed for the organism and a high quality of water treatment. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the purification of drinking water with natural sorbents.

 A known method of purifying water by passing through crushed magnetite, which is magnetic iron ore. For purification of water, in particular, not pure magnetite is used, but magnetite quartzite, which has the ability, along with sorption of contaminants, to release potassium, useful for the body, into purified water. However, the concentration of potassium in the water filtered through magnetite quartzite is unstable and varies over a very wide range, reaching too high values at the beginning of filtration and decreasing to values slightly exceeding the concentration of potassium in the source water.

 Known methods for purifying water by passing through a crushed zeolite, which is an aluminosilicate. Zeolite has the ability to exchange cations and release potassium necessary for the body into purified water. However, the amount of potassium secreted in this case is not enough to fully supply the human body with this important element.

 As you know, potassium and its compounds play a large role in a living organism: salt nutrition, maintaining osmotic pressure, stimulation of cells, including nerve cells. A shortage of potassium in a living organism leads to a deviation from the norm and physiological processes, i.e. negatively affects human health.

 With drinking water in a number of regions of the country, in particular with water from the Moscow and Leningrad water pipelines, a relatively small part of the required number of cations and anions enters the body. Along with high-quality purification of drinking water, a complex of natural sorbents, the task to which the proposed invention is directed, is to enrich the water necessary for the human body with potassium.

 The essence of the invention lies in the purification of drinking water by passing through a filter material consisting of natural sorbents, while filtering is performed by sequentially passing water sequentially through crushed magnetite quartzite and crushed zeolite at a flow rate of 1.2-1.5 l / min. Sequential filtration of water through magnetite quartzite and then through zeolite allows to obtain a stable twofold excess of the concentration of potassium ions in filtered water compared to the source water.

 A balanced amount of potassium in purified water by the claimed method is created due to the combined effect of magnetite quartzite and zeolite on water. The technical result that can be obtained is that the quantitative indicators of potassium useful for the body, which is formed in purified water, are higher than when using a single crushed zeolite and lower than when treating water with a single crushed magnetite quartzite in the initial filtering period. Thus, as a result of the combined action of zeolite and magnetite quartzite, drinking water is subjected to high-quality purification from harmful and undesirable impurities and at the same time enriched with a balanced amount of potassium necessary for the body. As a result of filtration, water is purified from suspended and dissolved compounds of heavy metals such as nickel, chromium, zinc, copper, aluminum, cadmium. The filter media has a bactericidal effect, improves the organoleptic properties of water (removes taste, odor and toxic organic compounds).

 The natural sorbents used in the proposed method in the form of zeolite and magnetite quartzite are widely distributed in nature, much cheaper and less scarce than other known sorbents used for water treatment, for example, activated carbons, which are also not a source of adding potassium to the cleaned water.

 In general, this method significantly improves the quality of water purification, improves operational properties and ensures the saving of materials that are severely deficient.

 Carry out the inventive method of purification of drinking water as follows. The purified water is sequentially passed through crushed magnetite quartzite and crushed zeolite with a water flow rate of 1.2-1.5 l / min, with a ratio of sorbent volume and hourly volume of water 1: (36-45). With a water flow rate of more than 1.5 l / min, the quality of the cleaning decreases, and with a water flow rate of less than 1.2 l / min there is an operational inconvenience, the purified water is drawn too slowly.

 The size of the crushed particles of the used sorbents is 2-5 mm. Dust resulting from the crushing of these sorbents is pre-screened.

 The test results are shown in table 1. For comparison, the test results are shown with separately taken magnetite quartzite of the Kostomuksha deposit and separately taken zeolite (the zeolite of the Kholinsky deposit was used).

 As can be seen from Table 1, the concentration of potassium in the water filtered through magnetite quartzite varies over a very wide range, reaching 11 mg / L at the beginning of filtration and decreasing to values slightly exceeding the concentration of potassium in the source water. Magnetite quartzite is depleted in potassium as it is washed out. When passing about 3,000 L through magnetite quartzite, the concentration in filtered water is 2.0 mg / L.

 The concentration of potassium in filtered water when combined with magnetite quartzite and zeolite is approximately two times higher compared to the concentration of potassium in the starting tap water. The noted pattern is stably maintained throughout the entire experiment. This stability is achieved by the presence of zeolite, which extracts increased doses of potassium from water in the initial filtration period and stabilizes the potassium concentration at all filtration periods.

 After passing 3,000 liters of water through the filter, the magnetite quartzite contained in the filter for domestic use must be replaced with a new one. With a water consumption of 5-6 liters per day (for drinking and cooking), such a load will be enough for 1.5 years, which is economically acceptable.

 A device for implementing the inventive method for purifying drinking water is a portable filter consisting of two twin cylindrical bodies and connecting hoses, which are made of plastic suitable for food storage. The first body is filled with crushed magnetite quartzite of the Kostomuksha deposit, and the second is crushed zeolite.

 Filter dimensions 200 x 300 x 90 mm, weight 3 kg. One of the flexible hoses is put on a water tap, through the second hose water enters the consumer. Water from a water tap sequentially passes through the first casing with the sorbent, then through the second. The flow rate is regulated by a water tap. Before use, the filter is washed with running tap water for 20-30 minutes.

 To regenerate the filter, a solution of sodium chloride is prepared (1 tablespoon of salt per 1 liter of water), the filter is poured with the prepared solution, incubated for 2 hours and after this time this solution is drained.

 Then the filter is washed with a reverse flow of tap water with gentle shaking. After regeneration, the filter is ready for further use.

 Data on the purification of drinking water using the proposed method are given in table.2.

 A decrease in the total microbial number of the studied water by 50% in comparison with the original.

Claims (1)

 METHOD OF SORPTION CLEANING OF DRINKING WATER, including filtering through crushed zeolite, characterized in that the water is pre-filtered through crushed magnetite quartzite, the filtering being carried out at a water flow rate of 1.2 1.5 l / min with a ratio of sorbent volumes to hourly water volume of 1 36 45 and with an equal mass ratio of sorbents.

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