RU2040827C1 - Metal-and-halogen lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lighting engineering. SUBSTANCE: burner of lamp is made of optically transparent material, electrodes are sealed in lamp which is filled with inert gas, mercury and additives for its provision with halogenides radiating in region of spectrum of metals. Burner of lamp is injected with additives for provision of it with halogenides of at least one of metals having resonance radiation lines in ultraviolet or infrared regions of spectrum. Filling composition includes following components mk mole/cm³ mercury from 1.0 up to 80.0; additives for provision of burner with thallium halogenides from 0.05 up to 4.0; additives for provision of burner with halogenides of iron, nickel and cobalt from 0.1 up to 6.0. Pressure of inert gas amounts from 1.33 up to 39.9 kPa. Special feature of lamp is injection into filling composition of burner of following components, mk mole/cm³: additives for provision of burner with indium halogenides from 0.1 up to 5.0; additives for provision of burner with sodium halogenides from 0.2 up to 8.0; additives for provision of burner with lithium halogenides from 0.3 up to 10.0; additive for provisions of burner with rubidium halogenides from 0.1 up to 4.0; additive for provision of burner with cesium halogenides from 0.1 up to 7.0; additives for provision of burner with rare-earth metal halogenides from 0.06-6.0; additives for provision of burner with scandium halogenides from 0.03-4.0. EFFECT: increased operational efficiency of lamp. 5 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The present invention relates to the electrical industry, in particular, improves metal halide lighting lamps.

Known metal halide lamp containing a burner with a metal halide composition contained therein, enclosed in an external glass container [1]
The lamp has good emission characteristics of the visible region of the spectrum: light output of up to 100 lm / W and color temperature of 6000-500 K. The ultraviolet component of the radiation is largely delayed by the external bulb and therefore the lamps do not require significant protective measures during operation.

Closest to the invention in technical essence is a metal halide lamp containing a burner of optically transparent material with hermetically sealed electrodes, filled with inert gas, mercury and additives to provide the burner with halides emitting metals in the visible spectrum [2]
As part of the filling of the lamp burner, additives are used to provide the burner with rare-earth metals, which provides a good light output of up to 90 lm / W.

 The disadvantage of this lamp is the presence of the UV component of the radiation, which complicates the operation of the lamps by maintenance personnel (the lamp does not have an external balloon). In addition, due to energy losses due to the generation of UV and IFC radiation, the light output of the lamps is relatively small.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce UV and IFC constituents of the radiation and increase light output.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in a metal halide lamp containing a burner of optically transparent material with hermetically sealed electrodes filled with inert gas, mercury and additives to provide the burner with halides emitting in the visible region of the spectrum of the metal, additives are additionally added to the lamp burner to provide the burner with halides according to at least one of the metals having resonant emission lines in the UV and IFC spectral regions.

As additives emitting in the visible spectrum, they are used to provide the burner with thallium halides from 0.05 to 4.0, indium from 0.1 to 5.0, sodium from 0.2 to 8.0, scandium from 0.03 up to 4.0, rare earth metals from 0.06 to 6.0 in µ ˙ mol / cm ³ .

As additives having resonance lines in the UV region of the spectrum, additives are used to provide the burners with iron, nickel and cobalt halides in a total amount of 0.1 to 6.0 μmol / cm ³ .

 As additives for providing the burner with halides having resonant emission lines in the IFC spectral region, rubidium and cesium halides are used in an amount of from 0.1 to 4.0 and from 0.1 to 7.0, respectively. The inert gas pressure in all cases is from 1.33 to 39.9 kPa.

 In the lamp according to the invention, the experimentally selected composition of the filling can significantly reduce the UV and IFC components of the radiation and due to the redistribution of energy to increase the light output of the lamps.

As additives for providing the burner with radiating metal halides, can be used
directly emitting metal halides;
Pure metals and mercury halides. The reaction of the formation of halides of emitting metals in this case is as follows (for example, indium):
In + HgI ₂ - >> InI + Hg (1);
metal oxides, mercury halides and aluminum and / or silicon. The reaction is as follows:
In ₂ O + HgI ₂ + Al (Si) - >> InI + Al ₂ O ₃ (SiO ₂ ) +
+ Hg (2).

 In the lamp according to the invention, the use of additives to provide the burner with metal halides having resonance lines in the UV and IFC regions of the spectrum makes it possible to significantly absorb radiation in the UV and IFC regions of the spectrum.

 The mechanism of this process is as follows. The presence of additives in the burner to provide the burner with metal halides having resonant emission lines in the UV and IFC spectral regions leads to a significant concentration of normal atoms of these metals in the near-discharge zones of the burner. It is known that resonance lines are intensively absorbed by normal atoms. Therefore, there is a decrease in UV and IFC components of the radiation of the lamp. Redistribution of energy allows to increase the radiation yield in the visible region of the spectrum.

 The number of filling components is determined experimentally.

For additives that provide the burner with halides emitting metals in the visible region, it is: µ ˙ mol / cm ³ : for indium additives from 0.1 to 5.0; for thallium from 0.05 to 4.0; for scandium additives from 0.3 to 4.0; for sodium additives from 0.2 to 8.0; for lithium additives from 0.3 to 10.0; for REM additives from 0.06 to 6.0.

 With smaller amounts, they are not enough for normal lamp operation during the service life, since additives are hardened in the processes of adsorption, absorption, chemisorption, etc.

 With large quantities without achieving an additional effect, the costs of the acquisition, storage and processing of filling components increase.

The number of additives to provide the burner with metal halides having resonant emission lines in the UV and IFC spectral regions is also determined experimentally and is in μ˙ mol / cm ³ for iron, nickel and cobalt from 0.1 to 6.0, rubidium from 0, 1 to 4.0, cesium from 0.1 to 7.0.

 At smaller amounts, the concentration of atoms of these metals does not provide effective absorption of UV and IFC radiation.

 With large quantities, the cost of manufacturing a lamp increases without achieving an additional positive effect.

 In FIG. 1 shows a lamp design.

 The lamp contains a burner 1 of optically transparent material with hermetically sealed electrodes 2. Using mounting elements 3, the burner 1 is fixed in an external glass bottle 4 provided with a base 5.

 In FIG. Figure 2 shows the emission spectrum of a lamp with additives to provide the burner with indium, thallium and sodium halides (emitting metals in the visible region) of iron, nickel, cobalt (metals having resonance lines in the IFC region of the spectrum), Cs, Rb (metals having UV resonance lines spectral region). As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the visible spectral region, the lines 410 and 451 nm (In), 535 nm (Tl), 589 nm (Na) are clearly visible, in the UV and IFC regions, the radiation is absorbed and therefore relatively small.

 The principle of operation of the lamp is identical to the corresponding for the known MGL. After the lamp is connected in the circuit with ballast resistance, the lamp is ignited (by applying a high voltage electric pulse to the lamp electrodes). An arc discharge arises in an inert gas medium, which, as it burns up, passes into an arc discharge in pairs of metal halides with fixed parameters: light flux, power, current, voltage on the lamp, etc.

 The amount of mercury selected experimentally from the conditions for ensuring the optimal voltage on the lamp.

 The inert gas pressure is selected in the range from 1.33 to 39.3 kPa.

 At lower pressures, atomization of the electrodes affects, which reduces the lamp life.

 At higher pressures, the ignition of the lamps deteriorates.

 Examples of specific performance are presented in the table.

 The application of the invention allows to reduce the UV component of the radiation, thereby improving the operating conditions of the lamps.

Claims (5)

1. METAL HALOGEN LAMP, containing a burner of optically transparent material with hermetically sealed electrodes, filled with an inert gas, mercury and additives to provide the burner with halides emitting metals in the visible spectrum, characterized in that additives are added to the burner to provide the burners with their halides sodium in an amount of 0.2 to 8.0 μmol / cm ³ and halides of iron, nickel and cobalt in an amount of 0.1 6.0 μmol / cm ³ , the amount of mercury is selected in the range of 1.0 to 80.0 μmol / cm ³ , and inert pressure th gas is 1.33 to 39.9 kPa. 2. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that additives are additionally introduced into the burner to provide it with indium and thallium halides in an amount of 0.1 5.0 and 0.05 4.0 μmol / cm ^3, respectively. 3. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that additives are additionally introduced into the burner to provide it with rare-earth metal halides in an amount of 0.06 6.0 μmol / cm ³ . 4. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that additives are additionally introduced into the burner to provide it with scandium halides in an amount of 0.03 4.0 μmol / cm ³ . 5. The lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that additives are additionally introduced into the burner to provide it with rubidium halides in an amount of 0.1 4.0 μmol / cm ³ .

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