RU2031980C1 - Electrolytic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry. SUBSTANCE: electrolytic apparatus has power source with semiconductor rectifying devices, running electrolyzer with one or several electrolysis cells, body of which has inlet and outlet branch pipes and its outer side walls are monopolar electrodes. In the case, semiconductor rectifying devices are connected to body of electrolyzer and are located so, that they are cooled by air and by fed to electrolyzer or circulating in it medium. EFFECT: electrolytic apparatus is used in chemical, food industries for electrochemical treatment of liquid medium. 10 cl, 29 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the design of an electrolysis installation intended for electrochemical treatment of a liquid medium with direct electric current.

 With the help of this installation it is possible to obtain weakly acidic, neutral or slightly alkaline solutions at the places of consumption with electrolysis products in the form of active chlorine or active bromine, as well as in the form of alkali metal hydroxide for their use as a medicine, disinfectant, detergent or bleach, skin antiseptic, preservative for processing meat carcasses of slaughtered farm animals, fresh fish, vegetables, fruits, green feed of farm animals, as well as presowing seed treatment and watering of agricultural plants to accelerate their growth or pest control.

 It can also be widely used for the electrochemical treatment of drinking, natural or sea water for use in various technological processes, ensuring their intensification or improving the quality of products. Electrolysis plants for the electrochemical treatment of a liquid medium to produce mixed electrolysis products (anode, cathode and others) or for its unipolar processing to produce anode or cathode electrolysis products are widely known. They consist of a constant current electric power source and an electrolyzer made in the form of a housing with inlet and outlet pipes and parallel-mounted monopolar or monopolar and bipolar electrodes of flat or cylindrical shape, which form electrolysis cells [1].

 The closest prototype is an electrolysis installation containing a power source with a power step-down transformer and semiconductor rectifiers, as well as a flow-type electrolyzer made in the form of a housing with inlet and outlet pipes and parallel electrodes that form one or a group of electrolysis cells located inside the housing [2 ].

 The main disadvantage of this installation is that to connect the monopolar electrodes of the electrolyzer to a constant current power supply, it is necessary to use conductors whose cross-section must correspond to the strength of the current flowing during electrolysis. In flowing electrolyzers of high power, the rectified current can be tens or hundreds of amperes, so copper and other large conductors are used to supply it. The need to use conductors made of copper or other conductive materials to connect the monopolar electrodes of the electrolyzer to a constant current electric power supply, taking into account the uniform distribution of current over the entire electrode area, leads to an increase in the cost of the electrolysis unit and an increase in its mass, and also contributes to an increase in current leakage and / or consumption consumed electricity.

 It should also be borne in mind that for cooling power semiconductor rectifier devices used in a power supply of direct electric current, usually air radiators or water flow coolers are provided. The need for their use leads to a rise in the cost of the power source, an increase in its overall dimensions and mass. Since the electrolyzer and the power supply of direct electric current are the main components of the electrolysis installation, they determine its cost, overall dimensions and weight.

 Another disadvantage of the prototype installation is that due to the increase in current leakage, it is necessary to limit the number of biopolar electrolysis cells that can be provided in its internal cavity. In the known designs of a flowing bipolar electrolyzer, in most cases, no more than 5-6 pieces of bipolar electrolysis cells are arranged in series or parallel, the number of which determines the total voltage and current strength during electrolysis, and therefore, the performance and power of the electrolysis unit.

It is known that DC voltage and the consumption of electricity consumed during electrolysis decrease with increasing temperature and electrical conductivity of the processed liquid medium. The initial temperature of the electrochemically machined in the winter the liquid medium (water, aqueous saline solution) is typically ^about 8-12 C. Therefore relevant is simple technical solution that provides an increase in temperature and conductivity of the liquid medium being processed due to the rational use of heat, which is isolated semiconductor rectifier devices during the operation of the electrolysis installation.

 The aim of the invention is to simplify the design, reducing the mass of the electrolysis unit, as well as current leakage during electrolysis.

 For this, in an electrolysis installation containing a power source with one or more semiconductor rectifying devices, as well as a flow-type electrolyzer made in the form of a housing with inlet and outlet pipes and parallel electrodes that form at least one electrolysis cell in the housing, the outer side of the outer monopolar electrode, which is located as the outer longitudinal wall of the electrolyzer body, mounted semiconductor rectifier burs arranged in such a way that they are cooled by air, as well as due to the liquid medium supplied to the electrolyzer casing or circulating in it.

 Semiconductor rectifier devices are located at the bottom of one or two external monopolar electrodes and are attached to their outer surface.

 In addition, semiconductor rectifier devices are attached to the outer surface of the flow-type current supply and cooling chamber with nozzles for supplying and discharging liquid medium, the chamber being integral with the external monopolar electrode and rigidly attached to the lower supply nozzle provided on the outside of the electrode.

 The current supply and cooling chamber is located in the lower part of the external monopolar electrode and is attached to its outer surface, while the outlet pipe of the chamber is connected to the lower supply pipe on the outside of the electrolyzer body by means of an elastic tube or hose.

 Between the monopolar electrodes of the electrolyzer is installed one or a group of bipolar electrodes, the height and / or width of which corresponds to the dimensions of the internal cavity of the cell body.

 A membrane or diaphragm is located inside the cell body, dividing its internal cavity into insulated electrode chambers, in each of which a supply and / or outlet pipe is provided.

 Between the internal and / or external monopolar electrodes of the electrolyzer with a flat collapsible housing, electrically conductive interelectrode hollow inserts and / or gaskets of solid or elastic sealing material are provided with channels for supplying a liquid medium, which are coaxially located with the lower supply pipes on the outside one or each external monopolar electrode.

 In an electrolytic cell housing with external and internal electrodes, two external monopolar electrodes of negative or positive polarity are fastened together by conductive fasteners, and the internal monopolar electrodes are connected to one or more current-carrying terminals, which are hermetically mounted in an electrically conductive electrode or insert and provided with an end located outside the housing .

 The flat-shaped membrane or diaphragm provided in the electrolyzer body is located in contact with one or two internal opposite monopolar electrodes that have a mesh surface.

 The power-supply step-down transformer of the power source is connected to the external monopolar electrodes of the electrolyzer or to its parallel connected external and internal electrodes by means of semiconductor rectifier devices in a zero or bridge circuit.

 The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-29, on which electrodes of negative polarity - cathodes are marked with a "-" sign, electrodes of positive polarity - anodes are marked with a "+" sign, and bipolar electrodes located between them with opposite cathode and anode surfaces are marked with a letter "b", the direction of circulation of the liquid medium in the electrolyzer is shown by arrows.

 In FIG. 1-4 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed electrolysis installation, consisting of a constant current electric power source and an electrolyzer, the monopolar electrodes of which are connected to a power step-down transformer of the power source by zero single-phase (Fig. 1 and 2) or zero three-phase (Fig. 3), or on a single-phase bridge circuit (figure 4). In FIG. 5 and 6 schematically show the body of a flowing electrolyzer with a lower supply and upper outlet pipes and monopolar electrodes of a flat shape located on the outside, which are simultaneously longitudinal walls of the housing, and in their lower part on the outer surface of one (Fig. 5) or each external monopolar the electrode of negative or positive polarity (Fig.6) attached semiconductor rectifier devices of the power source, the number of which is due to the rectification circuit of the variable The electrical current.

 In FIG. 7 schematically shows the body of the flow-through electrolyzer with the lower inlet and upper outlet pipes on the outer surface of the outer monopolar electrode of a flat shape, which is also a longitudinal wall of the cell body, and outside the body there is a flow-type current supply and cooling chamber with nozzles for supplying and discharging a liquid medium integral with the external monopolar electrode and rigidly attached to the inlet pipe provided on it.

 In FIG. 8 schematically shows the body of a flow-through electrolyzer with two flow-type current-conducting and cooling chambers located outside with nozzles for supplying and discharging a liquid medium and semiconductor rectifier devices, each of which is made integral with the external monopolar electrode and is rigidly attached to the inlet branch pipe provided on it.

 In FIG. 9 schematically shows a top view of the body of a flowing electrolyzer with an external monopolar ring-type electrode, which is made integral with the current-supplying and cooling chamber of the flowing type with nozzles for supplying and discharging a liquid medium, and semiconductor rectifier devices of a power source are attached to the outside of the chamber.

 In FIG. 10 schematically shows a top view of the flow-through electrolyzer casing with the lower supply and upper outlet pipes on the outer surface of the outer monopolar electrode of a flat shape, which is also a longitudinal wall of the electrolyzer casing, and a flow-type current-supply and cooling chamber with flow nozzles located at the bottom and drainage of a liquid medium with semiconductor rectifier devices mounted on it of a power source, while the discharge branch pipe The spray is connected to the lower inlet pipe on the monopolar electrode by means of an elastic tube or hose.

In FIG. 11 schematically shows a top view of the body of a flowing electrolyzer, which differs from that shown in FIG.
In FIG. 12-14 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a flow-through current supply and cooling chamber with longitudinally arranged nozzles for supplying and discharging a liquid medium and mounted on it with two or three semiconductor rectifier devices, the number of which is due to the rectification circuit of an alternating electric current, shown in figures 1-4 . In FIG. 14 also shows one of the structural options for fastening the elements of a collapsible housing of the electrolyzer.

 In FIG. 15 and 16 schematically depict alternative structural options for attaching flat external as well as flat external and internal monopolar electrodes of the electrolysis cell, between which electroconductive interelectrode hollow inserts are located (Figs. 14 and 15) or interelectrode inserts and gaskets made of hard or elastic sealing material (Fig. .sixteen).

 In FIG. 17 - 20 depict circuits of electrolysis cells with communicating near-electrode spaces that are between parallel monopolar electrodes of negative and positive polarity (Figs. 17 and 18) or between monopolar and / or bipolar electrodes (Figs. 19 and 20).

 In FIG. 21 is a diagram of an electrolysis cell with a separated cathode and anode near electrode spaces, one of which is located between the cathode and the membrane (diaphragm), and the other between the anode and the membrane.

 In FIG. 22 shows a diagram of two electrolysis cells arranged in parallel, one of which has interconnected near-electrode spaces (anode and cathode), and the other is separated by means of a membrane or diaphragm located between them.

 The described and other alternative options for electrolysis cells can be provided in the housing of the flow-through electrolyzer of the proposed electrolysis installation.

 In FIG. 23 is a diagram different from that shown in FIG. 18 in that an internal monopolar electrode with a mesh surface is provided in contact with the surface of the membrane or diaphragm.

 In FIG. 24 is a diagram different from that shown in FIG. 22 in that two monopolar electrodes with a mesh surface are provided in contact with opposite surfaces of the membrane or diaphragm.

 In FIG. 25 and 26 schematically show two structural embodiments of a flow-through electrolyzer with external monopolar and internal monopolar or bipolar electrodes according to the circuit shown in FIG. In the electrolyzer according to FIG. 25, an internal monopolar electrode with an external end current-conducting terminal is provided, and in the electrolyzer according to FIG. 26, the lead-in terminal of the internal monopolar electrode is mounted or mounted in the through hole of the electrically conductive interelectrode insert, and its end part is located outside the housing.

 In FIG. 27 schematically shows a structural embodiment of a flow cell according to the circuit of FIG. 22, which provides external monopolar electrodes, an internal bipolar electrode and a membrane or diaphragm located in the electrolysis cell formed by the anode and bipolar electrode.

 In FIG. 28 and 29 are schematic longitudinal sections of electrolytic cells according to FIG. 25 and 26 along line AA, from which it can be seen that the height and width of the internal monopolar electrode according to FIG. 28 corresponds to the outer dimensions of the electrically conductive interelectrode insert, and the current-supplying terminal provided below is located outside the electrolyzer body; the height of the internal electrodes of FIG. 29 is less than the height of the inner cavity of the interelectrode insert, and their width corresponds to the width of the inner cavity, while the lead-in terminal of the inner monopolar electrode passes through a through sealed hole in the lower longitudinal wall of the interelectrode insert.

 Depicted in FIG. 1-29 structural elements of the same name and purpose are denoted by the same positions.

 The composition of the proposed electrolysis installation (Fig. 1-4) includes a power source of direct electric current 1 and a flow-type electrolyzer 2.

 The power source 1 is made in the form of a power step-down transformer 3, semiconductor rectifier devices 4 and instrumentation 5 and / or 6, one of which is used to control the voltage of the rectified current, for example a voltmeter 5, and the other to control the current strength, for example an ammeter 6.

 The installation may also include a control and protection unit with switching and other equipment (time relay, magnetic starter, circuit breaker, etc.), which is not shown in Figs. 1-4. This unit provides disconnection of the electrolyzer from the power source during current overload or short circuit of the electrodes.

 As semiconductor rectifier devices 4, diodes of different designs (pin, flange, for mounting, or other type) or controlled thyristors can be provided. They are mounted on the outside of one or two monopolar electrodes on the body of the flowing electrolyzer 2 in such a way that they are cooled by air, as well as due to the liquid medium supplied to the electrolyzer or circulating in it.

 Semiconductor rectifier devices are connected to a power step-down transformer 3 of the power source 1 at zero (Fig. 1-3) or bridge circuit (Fig. 4).

 The zero circuit is simpler, and therefore promising for practical use in the proposed electrolysis installation. Two external electrodes 7 and at least one internal monopolar electrode 8 of the electrolyzer are connected in parallel (Fig. 3).

 In the diagrams of FIG. 1 and 3 show that semiconductor devices 4 are mounted on the outer surface of the outer cathode 7, in the diagram according to FIG. 2, on the outer surface of the outer anode 8, and in the diagram according to FIG. 4 - on the outer surface of the cathode 7 and the anode 8.

 The outer electrodes 7 and 8 are simultaneously the longitudinal walls of the flat housing of the flow electrolyzer 2 (Fig. 5 and 6).

In FIG. 7 depicts an alternative embodiment, according to which the pin semiconductor devices 4 are mounted on the outside of the flow-type current supply and cooling chamber 9 with longitudinally arranged nozzles 10 and 11 for supplying and discharging a liquid medium, while the chamber 9 is integral with the external monopolar electrode (Fig. 7 -9) or located in contact with its outer surface (Fig. 10-12):
In FIG. 7-9, the current supply and cooling chamber 9 is rigidly connected to the lower inlet pipe 12, which, like the upper outlet pipe 13, is provided on the outer side of the outer cathode 7: the first for supplying the processed liquid medium to the electrolyzer 2, the second for its discharge;
In FIG. 10 and 11, the chamber 9 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the outer cathode 7 and / or anode 8 by means of conductive mounting bolts or studs 14, which fasten the constituent elements of the collapsible housing of the electrolyzer: external and internal monopolar electrodes, as well as electrically conductive interelectrode hollow placed between them inserts 15 (FIGS. 14 and 16) and / or interelectrode gaskets 16 (FIGS. 15 and 26). In this case, the outlet pipe 11 of the chamber 9 is connected to the lower supply pipe 12 of the electrolyzer by means of an elastic tube or hose 17.

 The inlet and outlet pipes 12 and 13 can also be made on the lower and upper or side walls of the electrically conductive interelectrode insert 15 (Fig. 6). This option is possible in the case when the semiconductor rectifier devices 4 are located on the outer surface of the external monopolar electrode, and the interelectrode insert 15 is of sufficient thickness to accommodate the nozzles 12 and / or 13. The latter can be made integral with the insert 15 or hermetically mounted in it.

 The interelectrode insert 15 as part of a flat electrolyzer body is made of rigid or elastic sealing material. To ensure optimal cooling conditions, the chamber 9 and / or semiconductor rectifier devices 4 are located in the lower part of the external monopolar electrode (Fig. 6-8), while the technical solution according to which they are located on the outside of the external cathode 7 is more promising. the fact that the cathode of the flow-through electrolyzer can be made of steel and does not require the application of an active, slightly destructible coating, for example, based on ruthenium dioxide, as is customary according to the manufacturing technology of Tanova anode.

 The described options for the arrangement of semiconductor rectifier devices 4 and / or the current supply and cooling chamber 9 with these devices are alternative distinguishing features of the proposed electrolysis installation.

 Along with the external monopolar electrodes 7 and 8, one or a group of internal monopolar and / or bipolar electrodes (Fig. 18-29) can also be provided in the electrolyzer body: the internal anode 18 and / or cathode 19, as well as the bipolar electrodes 20 installed between them .

 Monopolar and bipolar electrodes can be flat or cylindrical in shape (Fig. 9), which determines the configuration of the body of the flowing electrolyzer and its design.

 In addition, a semi-permeable baffle can be provided in the form of a membrane or diaphragm 21, which divides the internal cavity of the cell body 2 into insulated electrode chambers with one or more electrolysis cells (Figs. 21-24.27).

 In an electrolysis cell or in an electrode chamber with communicating near-electrode spaces (Figs. 17-20, 25 and 26), the liquid medium is subjected to combined anodic and cathodic processing to obtain displaced electrolysis products (anodic, cathodic and others), and in a membrane or diaphragm electrolysis cell (Fig.21) the liquid medium is subjected to unipolar processing (anodic or cathodic) with separate production of anodic or cathodic products in separated and isolated near electrode spaces, which are also called the terms anode Single chamber and / or cathode chamber.

 For supplying a liquid medium to the electrolysis cells and its removal from the cell body in the flat interelectrode gaskets 16 and / or inserts 15, channels 22 and / or 23 are provided coaxially with the lower inlet and upper outlet pipes 12 and 13 (Figs. 25-28 ) For the same purpose, passage holes 24 and / or 25 can also be provided in the inner electrodes 18-20. The inner anodes 18 and / or cathodes 19 located in contact with the elastic membrane or diaphragm 21 have a mesh surface (Fig. 2 and 24 ) They fix the membrane or diaphragm in the working position, and the gases formed on the electrode surface pass freely through the mesh surface of the electrode. These technical solutions are additional distinguishing features of the proposed electrolysis installation.

 To isolate the cathodes and anodes fastened with conductive bolts or studs 14, sleeves or rings 26 are provided in the collapsible housing of the electrolyzer 2.

 The internal anodes and / or cathodes are connected to the anode and cathode current-carrying terminals. In FIG. 25, 26, 28, and 29 show the lead-in terminal 27 of the internal anode.

 When the end surfaces of the internal monopolar electrode are located outside the electrolyzer body, the current-carrying lead 27 is also located and fixed outside the body (Figs. 25 and 28).

 When all the surfaces of the internal monopolar electrode are inside the closed electrolyzer body, the lead-in terminal 27 is tightly mounted in the electrically conductive interelectrode insert 15 or removed from the inner cavity of the electrolyzer body through a through hole in the interelectrode insert 15, sealed, for example, with a sealing ring 28 (Fig. 26 and 29). In this case, the height of the internal monopolar electrode may be less than the height of the internal cavity, which is provided inside the interelectrode insert 15. This is necessary for mounting the internal monopolar electrode 18 or 19 in the electrolyzer body: the electrode is inserted into the internal cavity of the interelectrode insert 15 and lowered downward, while the lead-in terminal 17 enters a through hole provided in the lower wall of the interelectrode insert 15 (FIG. 29).

 In the remaining schematically shown structural variants of the flow electrolyzer according to FIG. 25 and 27, it is provided that the height and width of the external and internal monopolar electrodes corresponds to the external dimensions of the interelectrode insert 15, and the height and width of the bipolar electrodes 20 corresponds to the dimensions of the internal cavity of the interelectrode insert.

 This technical solution is due to the simplicity and convenience of mounting the internal electrodes 18-20 in the cell body, as well as measures to reduce current leakage.

 Since current leakages increase in the electrolyzer with monopolar and bipolar electrodes as a result of the current flowing between the cathode and anode end surfaces of the opposite bipolar electrodes, as well as in areas located outside the electrolysis cell, the technical solution for matching the height or width of the internal bipolar electrodes to the dimensions of the inner cavity of the housing the electrolyzer is an additional hallmark of the proposed electrolysis installation, which helps to reduce races the course of consumed electricity.

 The unified design of the collapsible housing of the electrolyzer with flat electrodes allows you to change the number of electrolysis cells, as well as to install or remove the membrane in order to separate or ensure the relationship of the anode and cathode electrode spaces of the electrolysis cell (Fig.17 and 21), or change the number of electrolysis cells with communicating or separated near electrode spaces (Fig. 22-29).

 In general, we can conclude that a monopolar or bipolar flow-type electrolyzer with a collapsible flat-shaped housing provides the ability to change the productivity and capacity of the electrolysis installation, as well as to obtain electrochemically treated solutions with anode or cathode, or mixed electrolysis products, which significantly expands its area practical use.

 The proposed electrolysis unit operates as follows (Fig. 25-27).

 A liquid medium, for example, an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride of sodium chloride or potassium chloride, sea or drinking water, is continuously fed into the housing of the flow-type electrolyzer 2 through the lower supply pipe 12 provided on the external monopolar electrode 7 or as part of a current supply or cooling chamber 9. B the process of circulation in the chamber 9 or in the housing of the electrolyzer 2, the liquid medium cools the semiconductor rectifier devices 4 mounted on the outside of the chamber 9 or the external monopolar electrode 7 / or 8. In this case, the temperature of the processed liquid medium increases due to the heat generated by the heating semiconductor rectifier devices 4. An increase in the temperature of the processed liquid medium, especially in winter, increases its electrical conductivity, as a result of which the voltage of the direct current flowing during electrolysis decreases, and current increases. In the electrode chamber, the liquid medium circulates through parallel electrolysis cells with monopolar or monopolar and bipolar electrodes, in which it is subjected to electrochemical processing to obtain mixed electrolysis products in electrolysis cells with communicating near-electrode spaces (Fig. 5) or to produce anode or cathode electrolysis products in an electrolysis cell with isolated near-electrode spaces that are separated by a membrane or diaphragm 21 (FIG. 21). Thus, for example, in the electrolytic cell housing according to FIG. 20, 25 and 26 with monopolar and bipolar electrodes as a result of electrolysis of a 3-5% aqueous solution of sodium chloride, we obtain a 0.5-0.75% weakly alkaline solution of active chlorine with a predominant content of sodium hypochloride. This solution is a widely used disinfectant, preservative, or whitening agent, and is also used as an antibacterial, antiviral, and detoxifying drug.

 In the housing of a membrane or diaphragm electrolyzer with one bipolar and two monopolar electrodes according to FIG. 22 and 27 as a result of electrolysis of a 0.5-1.0% aqueous solution of sodium chloride, we obtain two solutions of different composition.

 1. In an electrode chamber with an anode and a bipolar electrode, we obtain a slightly acidic or neutral 0.025-0.1% solution of active chlorine with a predominant content of hypochlorous acid mixed with sodium hypochlorite.

 This solution is also a highly effective disinfectant, preservative and drug, which is recommended for widespread use in domestic medical practice.

 Based on the literature and available experimental data, it is known that weakly acidic and neutral solutions of active chlorine with a predominant content of hypochlorous acid have a higher antibacterial and antiviral effect compared to slightly alkaline solutions of active chlorine with a predominant hypochlorite content. Therefore, weakly acidic and neutral solutions of active chlorine are currently widely used in our country. They are used in agriculture, veterinary medicine, vegetable bases and dairy farms, as well as in food and other industries.

 2. As a result of the electrochemical treatment of the sodium chloride solution in the cathode chamber, we obtain an alkaline sodium hydroxide solution, which is recommended in domestic medical practice as a detergent and disinfectant.

 When using the electrolytic cells according to FIG. 25-27, you can also disinfect drinking water, water in a swimming pool, treat and disinfect wastewater, and anode- or cathode-treated drinking water can be effectively used in various technological processes, for example, for making skins from natural fur, for dyeing and bleaching of cotton and linen and other tissues, as well as for pre-sowing seed treatment and watering of agricultural plants.

 To obtain and widespread use of electrochemically treated solutions, relatively simple and reliably functioning electrolysis plants are needed, which include the proposed flow-type electrolysis plant, which allows one to quickly obtain weakly acidic, neutral, and slightly alkaline solutions of active chlorine, as well as a slightly alkaline solution of sodium or potassium hydroxide.

 Since the main nodes of the proposed electrolysis installation is a power step-down transformer, as well as a flow-type cell with semiconductor rectifier devices mounted on it, which are cooled by air and due to the liquid medium supplied to the cell, this simple and rational solution to the technical problem allows one to master the production of relatively simple, reliable operating and economical electrolysis plants for a wide range of applications and applications.

 As a result of this, a significant economic effect can be obtained due to a reduction in the consumption of expensive metallic and non-metallic structural materials, which are necessary for the serial production of electrochemical plants, as well as a reduction in operating costs.

 It should also be noted that on the basis of the proposed solution to the technical problem, small-sized constructions of simple, economical and reliably operating stationary or mobile electrochemical plants can be created for the rapid production of disinfectant, bleach, detergent-disinfectant, preservative solution in extreme or military field conditions, as well as medicinal solutions for parenteral administration, internal use and external use.

 As a result of testing experimental samples of the proposed electrolysis unit, positive technical results were obtained in accordance with the purpose of the invention, which lead to the achievement of a positive economic effect.

Claims (10)

 1. ELECTROLYSIS INSTALLATION, containing a power source with semiconductor rectifier devices, a flow electrolyzer with one or more electrolysis cells, the housing of which has inlet and outlet pipes, and its outer side walls are monopolar electrodes, characterized in that the semiconductor rectifier devices are connected to the electrolyzer body and arranged so that they are cooled by air, as well as supplied into the electrolyzer or circulating liquid medium in it.  2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the semiconductor rectifier devices are located in the lower part of the outer surface of one or two external monopolar electrodes.  3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with one or more current-carrying cooling chambers of a flow type with nozzles for supplying and discharging a liquid medium, and semiconductor devices are mounted on the camera from the outside.  4. Installation according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the current-carrying cooling chamber is an element of the external monopolar electrode, and it is rigidly fixed to the outer surface of the monopolar electrode and / or on the supply pipe provided on the electrode.  5. Installation according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electrolyzer body is collapsible, and between the monopolar electrodes one or more electrically conductive interelectrode inserts and / or gaskets of solid or elastic sealing material with channels for supplying liquid are provided media that are aligned with the lower supply pipe on the outside of one or each of the outer monopolar electrodes.  6. Installation according to claims 1-5, characterized in that between the monopolar electrodes of the electrolyzer is installed one or a group of bipolar electrodes, the height and / or width of which corresponds to the dimensions of the internal cavity of the electrically conductive interelectrode insert.  7. Installation according to paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that in the casing of the cell there is a membrane or diaphragm dividing its internal cavity into insulated electrode chambers, in each of which a discharge and / or supply pipe is provided.  8. Installation according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the electrolyzer body with external and internal monopolar electrodes, the external electrodes of negative or positive polarity are fastened together by conductive mounting bolts or pins, and the internal monopolar electrodes are connected to one or more current-carrying leads, which are located outside the cell body or in a sealed through hole made in one of the walls of the electrically conductive interelectrode insert.  9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the flat-shaped membrane or diaphragm provided in the electrolyser housing is in contact with one or two internal opposing monopolar electrodes that have a mesh surface.  10. Installation according to claims 1 and 8, characterized in that the external monopolar electrodes of the electrolyzer or its parallel connected external and internal monopolar electrodes are connected via semiconductor rectifier devices to the power step-down transformer in a zero or bridge circuit.

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