RU203193U1 - WORKING BODY OF SURFACE SOIL TREATMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to the working bodies of tools for surface tillage. The working body of the rotary tool is made in the form of a flat ellipsoidal disc with semicircular cutouts, which are evenly distributed along its perimeter. The disc is sharpened on both sides (15 ° on each side). The major axis of the elliptical disk is mounted on the battery shaft at an angle α = arcsin [D / (2a)], where D is the diameter of the elliptical disk in the profile plane, 2a is the major axis of the ellipse. Only in this case, the profile projection of the ellipsoid disc is obtained in the form of a circle with a given diameter D. Depending on the size (diameter) of the disc, the cutting edge has 8-10 semicircular notches. The depth of the cutouts is 15-20 mm, the width is 40 mm. The width of the lintels along the cutting edge between the cutouts is 90 ... 100 mm. The proposed technical solution ensures reliable adhesion of the cut ellipsoidal disc to the soil. This contributes to the preservation of the disc revolutions, and therefore the elimination of the pull-through phenomenon. Thanks to the notches, the elliptical disc more reliably captures plant residues and cuts them, it is easier to dig into the soil and is more constantly engaged with the dense bottom of the furrow. Taken together, all this leads to an increase in the quality of soil cultivation.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to the working bodies of implements for surface tillage.

Known design of the working body made in the form of a spherical disk with semicircular cutouts (patent RU 57074, IPC А01В 23/06, 2006). Such a disc provides an increase in service life, destruction of heavy soil layers, elimination of unloading of shrub branches, crumbling and loosening of the soil.

The disadvantage of the device is: - deformation of the soil by its compression, which leads to increased energy costs; - insufficient crumbling of the soil; - insufficient penetration of the discs into the soil was noted.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result in relation to the proposed one is the working body of the rotary tool in the form of flat elliptical disks (patent RU 2652819), containing flat ellipsoidal disks, which are rigidly mounted on the shaft strictly at the design angle α = arcsin [D / (2a )], where D is the diameter of the ellipsoidal disk in the profile plane, 2a is the major axis of the ellipse. Only in this case, the profile projections of ellipsoidal disks are obtained in the form of circles with a given diameter D.

The disadvantages of this tool include the emergence of the phenomenon of pulling the discs (at higher speeds), which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the disc batteries. Insufficient chopping of vegetation and incorporation of crop residues.

The task of the utility model is to eliminate the indicated disadvantages of analogs and prototypes.

The technical result is an increase in the quality of soil cultivation due to intensive crumbling, a decrease in the energy intensity of the soil cultivation process due to a peculiar effect of the working surface of an ellipsoidal disc with semicircular cutouts along the perimeter on the soil.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the working body of the tool for surface tillage, made in the form of a flat ellipsoidal disk with double-sided sharpening with semicircular cutouts along the perimeter, and the large axes of the ellipses are inclined to the shaft axis at an angle α, and are installed on the shaft batteries strictly at the design angle α = arcsin [D / (2a)], the outer edge of the disk has from 8 to 10 notches 15-20 mm deep, 40 mm wide.

The working body of the tool is illustrated by diagrams:

in fig. 1 shows the proposed working body, projection of an elliptical disc;

in fig. 2 - a working body with cutouts, side view.

The working body of the tool for surface tillage, made in the form of a flat elliptical disc 1 with semicircular cutouts 2, which are evenly distributed along its perimeter, and the large axes of the ellipses are inclined to the axis of the shaft 3 at an angle α, and are installed on the battery shaft strictly under calculated angle α = arcsin [D / (2a)], where D is the diameter of the ellipsoidal disk 1 in the profile plane, 2a is the major axis of the ellipse (Fig. 1), only in this case the profile projection of the ellipsoidal disk 1 is obtained in the form of a circle with a given diameter D, i.e. the constancy of the distance of the cutting edge 4 of the disc 1 from the axis of rotation is ensured, the outer edge 4 of the disc 1 has from 8 to 10 notches 15-20 mm deep, 40 mm wide, the disc 1 has double-sided sharpening (15 ° on each side), the elliptical disc 1 is considered in the variant of use as a working body of the tool, according to agrotechnical requirements, the harrowing of the soil is carried out to a depth of 8 cm, depending on the size (diameter) of the disc, the cutting edge has 8-10 semicircular notches, and the depth of the notches is e = 15-20 mm, the width is c = 40 mm (Fig. 2).

The working body of the tool works as follows.

When the tillage implement moves over the cultivated area, the elliptical 1 disc rotates due to the sliding friction against the soil, and moves in space along a complex trajectory. The points of the cutting edge 4 of the disc move along a sinusoidal path. The cutting edge 4 (blade) of the disc 1 separates the layer from the monolith and deforms it in the separation zone. The lateral working surfaces of the disk carry out general deformation. The elliptical disc 1 smoothly changes the angle of entry into the soil during one revolution and acts on the layer with its lateral surfaces. As a result, the process of soil crumbling, crushing and crushing of lumps, individual lumps is activated and weeds are effectively destroyed.

Thanks to the notches, the ellipsoidal disc 1 more reliably grips the plant stems and cuts them or steps over them, it is easier to penetrate into the soil and is more constantly in engagement with the dense bottom of the furrow. This provides a more reliable rotation of the disc, which leads to the elimination of the phenomenon of slipping (pulling through) and clogging of the working batteries with soil and plant residues.

The effect is expressed in the fact that a more reliable adhesion of the cut ellipsoidal disc to the soil improves the dynamics of the movement of the unit, therefore, its technological stability. The movement of the implement becomes stable. The discs go into the soil, smoothly maintaining the number of revolutions. The kinematics of cutting the seam and crop residues is stabilized, the uniformity of the depth of soil cultivation is ensured. Taken together, all this leads to an increase in the efficiency of the tillage implement.

The use of the proposed design allows to improve the quality of soil cultivation, to reduce the energy intensity of the loosening process without transferring significant dynamic loads to the base machine.

List of used literature:

1. Tolstov V.K. Patent RU 57074, IPC А01В 23/06. Spherical notched disc. / VK. Tolstov, A.G. Buretsky, V.G. Bobrov; publ. 10.10.2006.

2. Yakhin S.M. RF patent for invention No. 2652819, IPC А01В 23/00. Disk tool for surface tillage / S.M. Yakhin, I.I. Aliakberov, R.Kh. Gainutdinov; publ. 05/03/2018.

Claims (2)

1. The working body of a disk tool for surface tillage, made in the form of a flat ellipsoidal disk with semicircular cutouts along the perimeter, and the large axes of the ellipses are inclined to the shaft axis at an angle α = arcsin [D / (2а)], where D is the diameter of the ellipsoidal disk in the profile plane, 2a - the major axis of the ellipse, characterized in that the outer cutting edge of the disk has 10 notches 15-20 mm deep and 40 mm wide. 2. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc has a double-sided sharpening.

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