RU2031848C1 - Device for collection of floatables - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: collection of floatables. SUBSTANCE: device comprises a scraper with undercutting knife and its propelling means in the form of a harmonica-shaped housing from flexible material connected to air duct. Scraper is reciprocated along guide laths. EFFECT: improved design. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of treatment of urban and industrial wastewater, in particular to devices for collecting pop-up substances (sludge, pop-up particles, foam, etc.) from the surface of capacitive structures (flotators, sedimentation tanks, etc.), in which at the same time wastewater treatment and collection of pop-up substances.

 The closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved effect is an electroflotation apparatus, comprising a housing with an electrode block located inside it, supply and discharge pipelines to remove pop-up substances from the surface of the flotation apparatus. In the upper part of the body there is a foam collection mechanism and a foam collection tray. As a foam collection mechanism, a tape scraper mechanism was used, which carries out the reciprocating movement of the scraper on the surface of the liquid and moves the surfaced substances into the foam collection tray.

 However, the tape scraper mechanism of such an apparatus has many mechanical devices, such as a scraper conveyor, drive, gearbox, etc., and a change in the speed of movement of the device is possible only by replacing parts of its drive or using gearboxes with gear shifting.

 In addition, when the scraper mechanism moves along the surface of the liquid, the composition and humidity of the removed pop-up substances changes due to the turbulence created by the conveyor blades.

 In this case, the use of metal for the manufacture of parts of devices for collecting pop-up substances leads to an increase in the metal consumption of the structure, an increase in drive power and an increase in capital and operating costs, and the humidity of the medium causes rapid corrosion of the metal parts of the prefabricated mechanism and its failure.

Compared with the prototype under consideration, the invention has the following advantages:
- a wide range of smooth control of the speeds of the reciprocating movement of the device along the surface of the settling structure is achieved, moreover, the actual regulation is carried out by valves, visual control - the compliance of the set speed with the process of removal of floating substances;
- achieved the removal efficiency of pop-up substances 90-95%, and the prototype - 65-70%;
- provides less power consumption due to a significant reduction in the mass of the device and reduce the number of stages of energy conversion;
- the use of non-metallic materials in the design of the device provides the possibility of its effective operation in humid and aggressive environments;
- ease of maintenance due to the lack of lubricated friction units, as well as the elimination of the possibility of lubricants entering the structure, which is very important, for example, in drinking water treatment plants.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device, ensuring the removal of pop-up substances from the surface of capacitive structures.

 For this, in a device for collecting pop-up substances, including a scraper with means for its reciprocating movement in a horizontal plane, a container for collecting pop-up substances, a scraper is equipped with a cutting knife, and a means for moving it is made of elastic material in the form of a casing in the form of an accordion connected to air line, and equipped with guide rails for moving the scraper.

 In FIG. 1 shows a device, a top view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1.

 The device for collecting pop-up substances consists of a scraper 1 with a cutting knife 2, a casing 3 in the form of an accordion connected to it, made of elastic water- and air-tight material (for example, polystyrene, gas holder fabric, thin rubber or rubberized fabric, etc.) , pneumatic conduits 4 and devices 5 for pressure gas supply. The device is attached to the end wall of the settling structure on one side, from below it is supported by guide rails 7 adjacent to the container 8 for collecting pop-up substances. Guide rails 7 are mounted on the side walls of a capacitive sludge structure. Depending on the purpose of the device, the depth h of the installation of the guide rails is taken in the range from 0.05 m to 0.2 m from the water level. If h ≅ 0.05 m, then a condition is created for the flow of sludge under the bottom edge of the scraper. If h ≥ 0.2 m, then the movement of the scraper leads to the violation of the formation of a uniform layer of sludge due to the occurrence of vortex fluid flows in front of the front of the scraper.

 The device provides reciprocating movement of the scraper 7 in a horizontal plane along the surface of the liquid in the tank structure, which is achieved by supplying air to create pressure and vacuum in the casing. Moreover, the translational speed of the casing 3 does not depend on the speed of the return movement. By changing the flow rate of the supplied and drawn air in the pneumatic conduit 4, it is possible to regulate the reciprocating movement of the casing 3 along the horizontal surface of the structure. The speed of translational movement of the casing 3 is adjustable within 5-35 mm / s, and the speed of return is within 15-35 mm / s. Choosing the best option for the speed of the reciprocating movement of the device in the horizontal plane, we get the possibility of a uniform cut-off of the pop-up substances in the tank, which does not affect the formation of a layer of pop-up substances (sludge) and does not violate the laminar motion of the fluid flow. The speed of raking pop-up substances from the surface of the sump by known devices is on average 7.3-10 mm / s with a removal efficiency of pop-up substances of 65-70%, and in the invention, the speed of collection of pop-up substances can be controlled in the optimal range of 5-35 mm / s, return scraper in the initial position to carry out at a speed of 15-35 mm / s. Pop-up collection efficiency is 90-95%.

 The device operates as follows.

 Air under pressure from the device 5 enters the casing 3 through the pneumatic conduit 4. Due to this, the casing 3 is stretched and the scraper 1 connected to it along the guide rails 7 along the surface of the liquid in the settler 9. The air pressure in the pneumatic conduit 4 should provide an optimal scraper movement speed 1 with a cutting knife 2 in the range of 5-35 mm / s. The flotation sludge layer is cut with a knife 2 and transported by a scraper 1 into a container 8 for collecting pop-up substances.

 The return of the scraper 1 to its original position is carried out by creating a vacuum in the pneumatic pipe 4 and compressing the casing 3. The speed of the return movement of the scraper 1 is 15-35 mm / s.

Claims (2)

 1. A device for collecting pop-up substances, containing a scraper with means for its reciprocating movement in a horizontal plane, a container for collecting pop-up substances, characterized in that the scraper is equipped with a cutting knife, and the means for moving it is made of elastic material in the form of an accordion-shaped casing connected to the pneumatic pipe.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with guide rails for moving the scraper.

Images