RU2031624C1 - Reliefografic apparatus for recording information - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: data recording in medical technique. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has an intermediate carrier for relief recording of a line, having the transparent plate 1, including successively applied onto it the transparent electrically conductive layer 2 and the transparent gel-like layer 3, and a system of parallel band-type electrodes 5, applied on the substrate 8 and arranged with the gap 4 over the gel-like layer; the interface 9, the optical system 12 for visualization of the relief information on the surface of a terminal carrier and the unit 13 for vertical scanning of lines and besides the bias voltage source 10 and the synchronization unit 11. The intermediate carrier for relief recording of lines includes in addition the second electrically conductive layer 7, applied the substrate at side of the gaseous gap, and the dielectric layer 6, arranged between the second electrically conductive layer and the system of parallel band-type electrodes. EFFECT: simplified structure and lowered dimensions of interface of the supposed reliefograpic apparatus, having a computer, due to decreased amplitudes of voltage signals; enhanced quality of recording of half-tone information due to linearization of a transmission characteristics of the system. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a medical technique for displaying information of electrical signals from diagnostic sensors, as well as to other fields of science and technology for converting electrical signals into optical ones.

 Closest to the proposed device is a relief device for recording information on a photosensitive terminal medium, containing an intermediate medium relief line recording, consisting of a transparent plate with sequentially deposited a transparent conductive layer and a transparent gel-like layer and a system of parallel tape electrodes deposited on a substrate and placed with a gap above the gel-like layer, an interface device electrically connected to a system of parallel tape electrodes, an optical system for visualizing embossed information on the plane of the terminal carrier, and a vertical line scanning tool.

 The disadvantage of this device is the large magnitude of the voltage signals on the tape electrodes, which complicates the design and increases the size of the device for pairing this relief device with a computer. In addition, the disadvantage is the poor quality of recording grayscale information due to the nonlinearity of the conversion of the potential distribution on the tape electrodes to the distribution of illumination on a photosensitive terminal carrier.

 The objective of the invention is to simplify the design and reduce the size of the device pairing of the proposed relief device with a computer.

 The technical result consists in reducing the voltage of the signals while improving the quality of recording half-tone information.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 shows graphs of the dependence of the relief amplitude of the gel-like layer A _i under the i-th tape electrode on (amplitude) of the signal voltage U _{i (amplitude)} between the i-th tape electrode and the second electrically conductive layer for the proposed device (solid line) and between the i-th tape a control electrode and a transparent conductive layer for the prototype (dotted line); in FIG. 3 is a time diagram of the voltage U _{cm of the} bias voltage source and the signal voltage U _i between the ith tape electrode and the second electrically conductive layer for a selected example of vertical scan line implementations in the case of using an alternating voltage source as a bias voltage source when recording a grayscale image , as well as the amplitude (temporary) of the potential distribution (U _cm + U _i ) in the plane of the tape electrodes during the recording of the line x - coordinate; l is the width of the tape electrode and the gap) under the same conditions; in FIG. 4 is a time diagram of the voltage U _{cm of the} bias voltage source and the signal voltage U _i between the ith tape electrode and the second electrically conductive layer for a selected example of the vertical scanning line tool in the case of using a constant voltage source as a bias voltage source when recording a grayscale image .

 The device comprises (Fig. 1) an intermediate line embossing medium consisting of a sequentially arranged transparent plate 1, a transparent first electrically conductive layer 2, a transparent gel-like layer 3, a gas gap 4, a system of parallel tape electrodes 5, a dielectric layer 6, a second electrically conductive layer 7 and substrates 8, a pairing device 9, a bias voltage source 10, a synchronization device 11, one of the terminals of which is connected to a bias voltage source 10, and the rest to a co-p device 9 tension, the optical system 12 for visualizing embossed information on the plane of the terminal medium and the means 13 for scanning the line vertically. The visualization optical system 1 comprises a light source 14, a spherical short-focus lens 15, a first aperture 16 with a square hole 17, a lighting lens 18, a prism 19 of total internal reflection, a projection cylindrical lens 20, an opaque strip of the second aperture 21 located in the focal plane of the projection cylindrical lens 20 and oriented parallel to its axis, and a cylindrical compression lens 22. The optical axis of the imaging system 12 passes through the centers of symmetry of all four lenses 15, 18, 20, 22 and both diaphragms 16, 21. The vertical line scan tool 13 can be made in the form of a drive 23 for moving the photosensitive terminal medium 24 in a direction parallel to the opaque strip the second diaphragm 21, opaque screens 25 located along the rays in front of the photosensitive end carrier 24, and the slit 26 formed by them, perpendicular to the opaque strip of the second diaphragm 21. Recordable light with rock 27 through the slit 26 is projected onto the photosensitive medium 24 terminal.

 The proposed device operates as follows.

 Information is recorded line by line. Let us first consider the case when an alternating voltage source is used as a bias voltage source 10. Variable periodic (for example, harmonic) electrical signals, the amplitude of which corresponds to the recorded information, are supplied to the tape electrodes 5 from the device 9 of the interface. As a result, at the interface between the transparent gel-like layer 3 and the gas gap 4, due to the difference in their dielectric permittivities, ponderomotive forces arise that cause deformation of the free surface of the transparent gel-like layer 3, corresponding to signals on the tape electrodes 5. Moreover, for both positive and negative voltage half-periods on the tape electrodes 5 from the pairing device 9, the variable spatial component of the ponderomotive forces under the tape electrodes 5 is directed and towards the gas gap 4 (the constant spatial component of the forces does not cause surface deformations). The dielectric layer 6 separates the second electrically conductive layer 7 and the tape electrodes 5.

The amplitude of the steady surface relief for small deformations of the transparent gel-like layer 3 is proportional to the magnitude of the surface (ponderomotive) forces. The settling time is 3-5 times longer than the mechanical time constant τ _{m of the} transparent gel-like layer 3, which is tens to hundreds of microseconds. Therefore, for normal operation of the device when using alternating voltage, the period of the latter should be at least 10 times less than τ _m . In addition, the pulse duration of the signal τ _and (Fig. 3, 4) should be at least 10 times greater than τ _m . In this case, the rapidly changing pulsations of the surface of the transparent gel-like layer 3 are practically equal to zero, and the strain value A _i established under the ith tape electrode 5 is proportional to the amplitude of the ponderomotive forces (the proportionality coefficient depends on the voltage frequency), which depends on the amplitude of the signal voltage at the ith tape electrode 5.

 The resulting relief of the optical imaging system 12 reproduces in the form of an intensity-modulated light line 27 on the surface of the photosensitive end carrier 24. In the selected example of the implementation of the optical imaging system 12, this occurs as follows. A light source 14, a spherical short-focus lens 15, a first aperture 16 with a square hole 17 and a lighting lens 18 form a parallel beam of rays, which, passing through a prism 19 of total internal reflection, is reflected at an angle of total internal reflection from the surface of a transparent gel-like layer 3. The projection cylindrical the lens 20 in the absence of deformation of the free surface of the transparent gel-like layer 3 projects the entire luminous flux onto the opaque strip of the second diaphragm 21, and in the presence of of the formations, the surface of the transparent gel-like layer 3 projects onto the photosensitive terminal carrier 24. A cylindrical compression lens 22 compresses the light flux in the plane of the photosensitive terminal carrier 24 to row 27. Since the zero spatial frequency stream is blocked by the opaque strip of the second diaphragm 21, the light string 27 will be modulated by intensity in accordance with the amplitude of the relief of the transparent gel-like layer 3.

 Moving at a constant speed of the photosensitive terminal medium 24 is perpendicular to the slit 26 and allows line-by-line recording of various types of digital-sign graphic information and grayscale images (there are no spaces between lines 27 on the terminal medium 24).

The density of surface forces at some point on the free surface of the transparent gel-like layer 3 is approximately proportional to the square of the electric field at this point (in one of the two adjacent media). In the prototype, the electric field generated by some tape electrode 5 is proportional to the voltage of the signal U _i on this electrode (relative to the transparent electrically conductive layer). Therefore, in the prototype, the amplitude of the relief A _i under the i-th tape electrode 5 is approximately proportional to the square U _iampl (dashed line in Fig. 2). In the proposed device, a bias voltage U _cm is applied to the second electrically conductive layer 7 relative to the layer 2 (Fig. 3). On the i-th tape electrode 5 in the proposed device is supplied from the device 9 of the interface voltage signal U _i (relative to the second conductive layer 7). A plot of U _i versus time t for a selected example of implementation of a vertical line scan tool 13 for recording a grayscale image is shown in FIG. 3. The vertical lines in FIG. 3 shows the high-frequency filling of rectangular pulses U _i . The voltage from the bias voltage source 10 is in phase with the voltage of the signals on the tape electrodes 5 from the interface device 9. Synchronization accuracy must be within ^about 5-10. The phase synchronization of these voltages provides a synchronization device 11. The value of T in FIG. 3, 4 is the line change time on the photosensitive terminal medium 24 provided by the vertical line scanning means 13. As can be seen from FIG. 1 and 3, 4 to the proposed design of an embodiment of the vertical scanning of a line means such that the pulse duration _{τ, and} should be at least 10 times smaller than T (not to occur terminal exposure of the photosensitive medium 24 during change of strings 27). Thus, in the proposed device, the electric field under the ith tape electrode 5 is proportional to the sum of the voltages U _cm + U _i. The maximum value of the amplitude U _{i the} pulse _sample U _i (in Fig. 3 it is 30 V) is 5-10 times less than the amplitude U _see the bias voltage amplitude U _see As a result, for the amplitude of the relief under the i-th tape electrode 5 receive
A _i ≈ (U _{see sample} + U _{i sample} ) ² = U _{see sample} ² +
+ 2U _{see amp} ˙ U _amp + U _{i amp} ² .

The first term does not create a relief, since the field from the second electrically conductive layer 7 is almost uniform. The third term in comparison with the second can be neglected. Therefore, in the proposed device A _i ≈ U _{see sample} ˙ U _{i sample} . A large value of U _{see sample} provides the necessary sensitivity of the system and allows the use of voltage signals U _i , the amplitude of which is 5-10 times less than in the prototype. In the prototype, due to the quadratic dependence of A _i on the U _{i sample, the} reduction to such an extent of the U _{i sample} leads to the fact that the amplitude of the relief A _i becomes too small (not perceived by optics).

The signal voltages U _i are applied to the strip electrodes 5 from the outputs of the amplifiers, the inputs of which are supplied by the voltage from digital-to-analog converters (DACs) connected to a computer. All the DACs and amplifiers are included in the device 9 of the interface of the relief device for recording information on a photosensitive terminal carrier with a computer (in Fig. 1, all the DACs and amplifiers are part of the voltage sources of the signals drawn inside the interface device, a computer (not shown). Maximum voltage the DAC outputs are 20-30 V. The voltage amplitudes of the signals on the tape electrodes 5 in the prototype are 100-250 V, in the proposed device 5-10 times less. Therefore, in the proposed device, the design of mountain amplifiers This is easier than in the prototype, since each tape electrode 5 needs its own amplifier and DAC, and the total number of tape electrodes is hundreds or thousands of pieces, then reducing the voltage amplitudes of the signals on the tape electrodes greatly simplifies the design and reduces the dimensions of the computer interface device 9 for the proposed relief device. Furthermore, the design of the interface device depends on how the bias voltage source 10 is made. If a source of alternating (constant) voltage is used as the source 10, then the voltage of the signals on the tape electrodes 5 from the interface device 9 during recording the lines should also be variable (constant) with the same frequency as the source 10 of the bias voltage.

 From the foregoing, it follows that in the proposed device, the relief under any tape electrode 5 is proportional to the amplitude of the voltage signal on this tape electrode from the pairing device 9 (solid line in Fig. 2).

 The optical information visualization visualization system 12 provides a linear conversion of the amplitude of the relief into the illumination of the corresponding portion of the photosensitive end carrier 24. Therefore, an improvement (linearization) of the conversion of the amplitude of the signal voltage to the depth of the relief allows a more linear transfer characteristic as compared with the prototype for the entire system as a whole (signal voltage - illumination of the photosensitive final medium 24) and thus improve the recording quality of half new information.

When using a bias voltage source of a constant voltage source as a source 10, all of the above is true about the operation of the proposed device, however, under an amplitude U _{see a} voltage _sample U _{cm of} a bias voltage source and under an amplitude U _{i a} voltage _{sample of} a signal U _i on the i-th tape electrode 5 from the device 9 conjugation implies, respectively, a constant value of U _cm and the amplitude of the pulse U _i (Fig. 4).

 For the case of using a bias source of a constant voltage as a source of voltage 10, the processes of the movement of electric charges between parallel tape electrodes 5 along the surface of the dielectric layer 6 (in the prototype along the surface of the substrate 8) have a significant impact on the operation of the entire device. In practice, the surface resistance of the dielectric layer 6 (in the prototype of the substrate 8) is always different from infinity, therefore, a few seconds after the device starts to work, the movement of charges leads to equalization of the potential in the plane of the tape electrodes 5 and, as a result, to a distortion of the surface relief of the transparent gel-like layer 3 If the bias voltage source 10 is made in the form of a constant voltage source, and every second tape electrode 5 is electrically connected to the second electrically conductive layer 7 and an insulating unit 9 is disconnected from conjugation, thereby preventing equalization of potential between the two electrodes adjacent belt 5, for which the coupling device from signals fed nonzero voltage. This reduces terrain distortion and, therefore, improves the quality of information recording.

The proposed device can be implemented as follows. The transparent plate 1 and the substrate 8 can be made of glass, the first 2 and second 7 electrically conductive layers are made of chromium, the dielectric layer 6 is made of silicon nitride Si ₃ N ₄ , the tape electrodes 5 are made of molybdenum. The gas gap 4 is air, and the transparent gel-like layer 3 is a silicone gel. The remaining blocks and elements of the device are standard.

The width of the tape electrodes 5 and the gap between them is 50 μm, the thickness of the transparent gel-like layer 3 is 100 μm, the thickness of the gas gap is 4-30 μm, the thickness of the dielectric layer is 6-1 μm, the thickness of the tape electrodes 5, as well as the first 2 and second 7 conductive layers is a fraction of micrometers. The voltage amplitudes of the signals on the tape electrodes 5 vary within 5-20 V, and the voltage amplitude of the source 10 of the bias voltage is 300 V. In the prototype, with the same parameters, the voltage amplitudes of the signals on the tape electrodes 5 vary within 50-250 V. As a result, the dimensions device 9 pairing of the proposed relief device with a computer compared with the prototype are reduced by about 3-5 times. The remaining parameters of the device, for example, are such τ _m = 50 μs, τ _and = 1 ms, T = 20 ms, f = 200 kHz. The alternating voltage, for example, harmonic, then as a device 11 synchronization can be used a phase-locked loop.

 Thus, in the proposed device, the amplitude of the voltage of the signals is much less than in the prototype, which allows to simplify the design and reduce the dimensions of the device for interfacing with a computer. In addition, in the proposed device higher quality recording of half-tone information due to the linearization of the transfer characteristics of the system.

Claims (2)

 1. RELIEFOGRAPHIC DEVICE FOR RECORDING INFORMATION, containing an intermediate medium for recording the line, consisting of a transparent plate with the first electrically conductive and gel-like layers successively made transparent, and a system of parallel tape electrodes deposited on a substrate and placed with a gap above the gel-like layer an interface device connected by outputs to a system of parallel tape electrodes, an optical system for visualizing relief information on the eye plane of the target medium and a vertical row scanning means, characterized in that an offset voltage source and a synchronization device are introduced into it, one output of which is connected to the first output of the offset voltage source, and a group of other outputs are connected to a group of one inputs of the interface device, the other input of which is connected to the second output of the bias voltage source, in addition, a second electrically conductive layer deposited on the substrate from the gas gap side and a dielectric is introduced into the intermediate medium of the embossed line recording a critical layer located between the second electrically conductive layer and the parallel tape electrode system, the second terminal of the bias voltage source being also connected to the second and the third terminal to the first electrically conductive layers.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bias voltage source is made in the form of a constant voltage source, each second tape electrode is electrically connected to the second electrically conductive layer and is electrically disconnected from the interface device, while the voltage between each second tape electrode and the second electrically conductive layer is zero.

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