RU202746U1 - Magnetic traverse for moving metal loads - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to lifting devices and can be used for lifting and carrying metal loads. The magnetic traverse contains a frame, a control unit, a sling connected to the ends of the frame and intended for hanging onto a crane hook, an electromagnetic gripper mounted on the frame, the coil of which is connected to the control unit. The frame is hollow, and inside it there is a drive connected to the control unit, and a counterweight made with the possibility of controlled movement along the length of the frame due to its connection with the gear motor. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase safety and accuracy when lifting and moving metal loads using a traverse with electromagnetic grippers. 8 p.p. f-crystals, 5 dwg., 2 ex.

Description

Technology area

The utility model relates to lifting devices and can be used for lifting and transferring metal loads, for example, elements of turnouts from open wagons.

State of the art

The following technical solutions are known from the prior art.

Known traverse for lifting and moving loads, containing a hollow frame, to which the load is suspended, and a controllable counterweight placed inside the frame to balance the traverse if necessary. The counterweight is made in the form of two hydraulic cylinders installed inside the frame with the ability to move their rods to adjust the center of gravity of the traverse depending on the location and type of the load being lifted (JPH 11139759, В66С 13/08, publication date 10.11.1997).

The disadvantages of such a traverse are the complexity of its design and the inertia of the automatic system for adjusting the center of gravity of the load, which is unsafe when using the traverse. Also, the disadvantage is the absence of electromagnetic grippers in the structure of the traverse, which increases the labor intensity during its operation due to the need to carry out additional operations on the hook and uncouple of the load by slingers.

Known lifting device with electric control (CN 203402803, В66С 1/06, publication date 07/26/2013), containing a housing, inside which are located a gear motor and a control unit, on the lower base of the housing there is fixed a plate with a lifting permanent rare earth magnetic element installed on it. The device contains a chain sling for hanging it on a crane hook and a remote control.

There is a known device for lifting a load (CN 2094538, B66C 1/06, publication date 06/14/1991), which is an auto-lifting mechanism that includes a rare earth permanent magnet, a control unit, a travel direction switch, a fixed grip and a movable grip. An electro-permanent magnet made on the basis of neodymium, iron and boron (Nd, Fe and B) and located in the case is activated by supplying voltage from the battery to a coil connected to the control unit.

The disadvantages of such lifting devices are the complexity and cumbersomeness of their design, as well as low accuracy of loading and unloading due to the lack of a controlled counterweight, which can damage the object being moved.

The closest analogue in technical essence to the claimed object is a magnetic traverse "ARMAT" (RU 2582742, В66С 1/04, publication date 04/27/2016), designed for lifting and moving bulky and long loads, containing a chain sling for hanging it on a crane hook , the main bearing longitudinal beam and transverse beams fixed on it, each of which is equipped with electromagnetic grips. Magnetic grippers are installed with the ability to move them along the transverse beams, as well as rotate through an angle of 90 °.

The disadvantages of such a traverse are the complexity of its design, as well as the absence of a controllable counterweight, which is unsafe when lifting and moving elements if it is impossible to accurately position the element being lifted relative to the center of gravity of the traverse.

The technical problem solved by the claimed utility model is to overcome the technical drawbacks inherent in analogues, which leads to the need to expand the arsenal of lifting devices that provide magnetization of the load, have a simple design with small dimensions and allow reliable movement of metal (ferromagnetic) elements.

Disclosure of the essence

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase safety and accuracy when lifting and moving metal (ferromagnetic) loads by means of a traverse with an electromagnetic grip.

The technical result is achieved by creating a magnetic traverse for moving a metal load, containing a frame and a sling connected to its ends and intended for hanging onto a crane hook, while the frame is hollow, the electromagnetic gripper is attached to the frame by means of a movable suspension on which a spring damper is installed , inside the frame there is a counterweight drive and a counterweight, made with the possibility of controlled movement along the length of the frame due to the connection with the counterweight drive, and the electromagnetic capture coil and the counterweight drive can be connected to the control unit.

The use of an electromagnetic lifting gripper provides the ability to reliably and efficiently and safely hold a metal load in the process of lifting and moving it. In addition, such a grip is universal, since it can be used for any metal (ferromagnetic) cargo in the absence of slingers to carry out the operations of hooking and uncoupling the cargo.

A controlled counterweight, installed with the ability to move along the length of the frame, provides the ability to eliminate the skew of the traverse in the horizontal plane relative to the center of gravity when lifting and moving loads of various lengths and dimensions, which increases the safety and accuracy of movement, and reduces the time during work.

In addition, due to the placement of a controlled counterweight inside the frame, a reduction in the dimensions of the traverse structure is achieved while maintaining its reliability during its operation, since there is no possibility of the protruding structural elements catching on the cargo elements.

The presence of a damper makes it possible to compensate for the dynamic loads arising from the contact of the grippers with the load, lifting and lowering the load, as well as aligning all the grippers in one plane by rotating the thrust nuts of the suspensions.

Thus, the combination in a single structure of the traverse of a controlled counterweight and at least one electromagnetic gripper leads to an increase in safety when lifting a load, an increase in the accuracy of movement of metal (ferromagnetic) loads, and reduces the time spent on work.

In a particular case, the implementation of the useful model of the traverse can be performed as follows.

The electromagnetic gripper is preferably mounted on the underside of the frame.

As grippers, direct current electromagnetic grippers with external electric power supply can be used, or they can be made on the basis of rare earth metals, for example, based on Nd, Fe, B (Neodymium-Iron-Bor) and used without an additional external power source (after switching on magnetic field by applying an electric pulse). Such magnetic elements have significant moisture and dust resistance, a fourfold tear-off margin, and a service life of at least ten years.

The frame can be made of several channels, for example, of four, interconnected from above and below by plates located at a certain pitch. In this case, the frame channels and / or its end walls can be made removable for free installation of all units and parts inside the frame (maintainability).

The drive can be made in the form of a gear motor or a rack and pinion drive.

The counterweight can be connected to a drive (eg a geared motor) by means of a traction chain or cable. In this case, the pulling chain can be installed in the chain guide to eliminate its sagging.

The counterweight can be equipped with sensors (inductive limit switches) to automatically stop it at the end positions. The sensors in the extreme position of the counterweight send a signal to the electric drive system of the geared motor to cut off the power supply, thereby stopping the operation of the geared motor and, accordingly, the movement of the counterweight.

The control unit can be connected to the frame and configured to be connected to the power unit, for example, by means of an inertial cable reel, to prevent cable breakage.

The sling can be made with four branches, which additionally increases the stability and reliability of the suspended crosshead. It is possible to use a sling with a chain or rope or textile.

Restraints can be attached to the bottom of the frame to prevent damage to the magnetic grips. The crosshead can also contain stops located on the underside of the frame between the magnetic grippers to prevent damage to the magnetic grippers.

The traverse can contain one or several electromagnetic grippers. The electrical circuit of the traverse and the design of the unit and the control panel can enable all grippers to be switched on simultaneously, or each one separately. This allows you to avoid magnetization of closely spaced neighboring elements when the grippers hit them.

The choice of the size of the traverse is determined by the dimensions of the transported goods or the dimensions of the gondola car, into which the traverse is lowered in case of shipment of the elements of the turnouts.

Brief Description of Drawings

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show one of the options for implementing the utility model.

FIG. 1 - Traverse with electromagnetic grippers for moving long loads, front view;

FIG. 2 - Traverse with electromagnetic grippers for moving long loads, type A;

FIG. 3 - Traverse with electromagnetic grippers for moving long loads, side view;

FIG. 4 - Traverse with electromagnetic grippers for moving long loads, section BB;

FIG. 5 - Traverse with electromagnetic grippers for moving long loads, type B.

Positions in the drawings indicate:

1 - frame;

2 - chain sling;

3 - electromagnetic capture;

4 - suspension;

5 - damper;

6 - traction chain;

7 - bypass asterisk;

8 - bracket;

9 - limit switch;

10 - limiter;

11 - eyelet;

12 - end wall;

13 - shock absorber;

14 - control unit;

15 - cable drum;

16 - emphasis;

17 - counterweight;

18 - gear motor;

19 - chain guide.

The crossbeam for moving long elements of the turnouts consists of a frame 1 made of four channels, interconnected from above and from below by plates. The traverse is suspended on the crane hook using a four-strand chain sling 2. Five load-gripping magnetic grips 3 are fixed on the traverse using movable hangers 4, each of which has a spring damper 5. The traction chain 6 is tensioned by a bypass sprocket 7, which moves in the slots of the bracket 8 using tension bolts. After tensioning the chain, the tensioning bolts are secured against turning with a locking bar. On the frame 1, there are two inductive limit switches 9, which are protected from accidental damage by covers. In addition to the switches 9, the limiters 10 are bolted inside the frame 1 by bolted connections. On the frame 1 there are lugs 11 through which the rope guides pass to keep the traverse from turning. On each end wall 12 of the frame 1 there are two rubber shock absorbers 13.

On top of the frame 1, a control unit 14 is installed. The control unit 14 is powered from an alternating current of 380 V and supplied to it using an inertial cable drum 15.

On the bottom of the frame 1 there are four stops 16 to prevent damage to the magnetic grippers 3. Also inside the frame 1 there is a controlled counterweight 17, which moves using a worm gear motor 18 and a traction chain 6. To eliminate the slack of the traction chain 6, a chain is installed inside the frame 1 guide 19.

Implementation of the utility model

When using the declared traverse, it is possible to move metal (ferromagnetic) loads of any purpose and of any dimensions (depending on the dimensions of the traverse), for example, long elements (turnouts, crosspieces with cores, frame rails with sharp edges) or other elements (metal elements of turnouts, metal elements of building structures: channels, I-beams, beams, trusses, etc.) having an overall size less than the distance between adjacent magnetic grippers (in the case of using two or more electromagnetic grippers).

As load-gripping bodies on the traverse, load-lifting electromagnetic grippers 3 are installed. The magnets are placed inside a steel case having an electrical connector for connecting the coil leads to the control unit using a power cable. The control unit 14 is installed on top of the frame. The ends of the traction chain are connected on both sides to the counterweight and installed in such a way that it bends around the drive sprocket of the geared motor at one end of the traverse and the tension sprocket at its other end. The magnetic system is controlled by an electrically powered coil included in the system. From the electric current network, power is supplied to the control unit 14 by means of an inertial cable drum 15.

The gripper is magnetized or demagnetized at the command of the slinger by pressing the corresponding button on the remote control. The control unit lights indicate the status of the magnetic gripper system:

- red color - magnetized;

- green color - demagnetized.

In the process of unloading an element of a turnout switch from a gondola car, two slingers are involved, who are on attached or suspended on short sides from the outer side of the gondola car with bridges with ladders. When lowering the traverse onto the turnout element, both slingers with rope braces attached to the lugs 11, if necessary, keep the traverse from turning, one of them gives commands to the crane operator, if the unloaded element is out of the crane operator's field of vision. After lowering the traverse onto the unloaded element, one of the slingers, using the remote control, gives an electrical impulse to the necessary magnets, after which the load is lifted by 200-300 mm to make sure that the load is securely fastened to the magnets. In the event of a skewed traverse, the slinger sends a command to the control unit 14, turns on the gear motor 18 and, moving the counterweight by pressing buttons on the control panel or control unit, aligns the traverse in the horizontal plane. After lifting the load 0.5 m above the side of the gondola car, the crane operator moves the load with the crane trolley, while the slingers can be in their places (provided that the unloading platform is located near the gondola car).

Then the element of the turnout switch is lowered while the traverse is leveled by the guys until the element is completely lowered. After lowering, the slinger gives a signal for demagnetization, after which the next element can be unloaded.

To lift and move long elements (for example, crosspieces with cores or frame rails with pegs or rails of crosspieces with counterrails of any projects of turnouts), a crosshead with several grips is used and all the grippers are simultaneously magnetized, and to move channels, I-beams, beams, trusses, etc. .P. use a traverse with one grip or magnetize one grip separately (or selectively the required number of grippers that will contact the load).

Example 1

The traverse is made with a length equal to, not more than 10 m, and a width commensurate with the size of the magnetic element.

Unloaded items:

- plates, slabs, sheet steel.

Load-gripping magnetic element:

- made of cast iron or magnetically conductive steel;

- diameter - 800-1100 mm,

- carrying capacity - 400 kg-1 ton,

- tear-off force - 200-400 kN.

Example 2

Unloaded elements of the turnouts:

- crosspieces with cores, frame rails with wits;

- length - 25 m;

- weight - 3000 kg, 4500 kg.

Traverse:

- carrying capacity - 5 tons;

- length -10 m;

- total weight - 5000 kg.

Load-gripping magnetic element:

- type - electro-permanent (pulse) magnetic grippers based on Nd ₂ Fe ₁₄ B;

- length - 1000 mm,

- width - 200 mm,

- lifting capacity - 3000 kg,

- operating voltage - DC 170 V;

- working current - 20 A;

- rated lifting capacity - 3000 kg;

- maximum breakout force - 12000 kg;

- quantity - 5 pcs.

Control block:

- type - ШУ1-3850, with remote control;

- input voltage - АС 380 V;

- output voltage - DC 40 ... 170 V;

- maximum output current - 100 A.

Counterweight:

- weight - 1200 kg;

- movement speed - 0.13 m / s;

Gear motor:

- type - worm;

- brand - Bauer BS10-61U / D07LA4;

- power - 0.55 kW.

Thus, the proposed design of the traverse allows fully mechanizing the process of unloading metal elements, increasing the efficiency and safety of loading and unloading operations, and reducing labor costs when unloading goods.

Claims (8)

1. Magnetic traverse for moving a metal load, containing a frame and a sling connected to its ends and intended for hanging onto a crane hook, characterized in that the frame is hollow, the electromagnetic gripper is attached to the frame by means of a movable suspension on which a spring damper is installed, inside of the frame, the counterweight drive and counterweight are located, made with the possibility of controlled movement along the length of the frame due to its connection with the counterweight drive, and the electromagnetic capture coil and the counterweight drive can be connected to the control unit. 2. Traverse according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic capture is made on the basis of rare earth metals. 3. Traverse according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive is made in the form of a gear motor or a rack and pinion drive. 4. Traverse according to claim. 1, characterized in that the counterweight is connected to the drive by means of a traction chain or cable. 5. Traverse according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterweight is equipped with inductive limit switches for its automatic stop in extreme positions. 6. The traverse of claim. 1, characterized in that the control unit is configured to be connected to the power unit. 7. Traverse under item 1, characterized in that the sling is made of chain or cable or textile. 8. Traverse according to claim 1, characterized in that limiters are attached to the frame.

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