RU2026692C1 - Electric injector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering; public health. SUBSTANCE: electric injector includes alternating current rectifier, rectified voltage meter, regulating potentiometer, two heteropolar electrodes connected to rectifier current terminals, electrode ammeter, electrode current adjusting resistor, spacers, one of which is medicinal, electrophoretic member which is connected to rectifier voltage terminals and whose working surface supports successively positioned wettable spacer in whose tissues are disposed above heteropolar electrodes and medicinal spacer. Electrophoretic member is made in the form of capacitor and in which edges of one part of likely charged plates that make up working surface of electrophoretic member protrude from edges of tape plate. EFFECT: design of disclosed electric injector precludes passage of steady leakage current through patient's body, allows greater safety, provides broader range of electrophoretic data in case of severe somatic disease and permits uniform spread of electrophoresis over surface of patient's body. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of healthcare, to medical equipment, in particular to devices for medicinal electrophoresis.

 Numerous experimental and clinical studies have shown that the method of drug electrophoresis has several features and advantages over other methods of introducing drugs into the body. At present, when physiotherapy has a large set of therapeutic physical factors that are diverse in nature, activity, and mechanism of action, the question of optimizing physiotherapeutic effects and, therefore, increasing their therapeutic effectiveness becomes extremely urgent. Of great importance for this is the design of devices for drug electrophoresis.

 For drug electrophoresis, a direct current of low voltage is preferably used. The most widespread electrophoresis of medicinal substances from solutions that are wetted with special (medicinal) pads. The latter are located between the metal electrodes and the human body [1].

 Most often, the electrodes are made of lead, clad with a thin layer of tin. It easily takes the form of the surface of the body on which it is superimposed, allows you to give the electrode any shape, conducts an electric current well.

 At the same time, devices with lead electrodes also have a significant drawback: in contact with moisture, their surface is quickly covered with lead oxide deposits, which leads to its destruction, reduced electrical conductivity and uneven distribution of current over it, mechanical removal of lead from the surface is accompanied by rapid wear of the plates.

 In this regard, aeroelectrophoresis is positively different from electrophoresis: the absence of gaskets and the need to use lead electrodes; additional action on the body of aeroions; no risk of burns due to the use of very low current.

 A known apparatus for aeroelectrophoresis [2], containing an AC rectifier, an adjusting potentiometer, a measuring device, electrodes and providing a high voltage mode between the electrodes (40. .60 kV) in the absence of contact between the electrode and the current. The device is based on the use of an electrostatic field.

 The device is convenient in operation. However, the small current strength during aeroelectrophoresis cannot provide the introduction of a sufficient amount of medicine, the electric field affects a significant part of the body, but mainly on the surface, which limits its use in medical practice.

 Known devices for medicinal electrophoresis, providing a more efficient administration of drugs [3]. Devices for electrophoresis with medicinal substances provide a certain current strength and duration of the procedure. The named parameters are determined by the size of the electrodes, their location, as well as the nature and stage of the disease, the general condition of the patient and his individual reactivity.

 The known apparatus for electrophoresis by direct current contains an AC rectifier equipped with a filter to smooth out ripples, an output adjustment potentiometer, a measuring device, two electrodes connected to the filter, and medicinal pads [4].

 The described apparatus provides a fairly effective result, but the current path in a living organism can be dangerous and sometimes captures areas that are very distant from where the electrodes were applied. On the one hand, the technique of conducting therapeutic electrophoresis is relatively simple and consists in placing solutions of drugs on the path of the current (between the patient’s body and current-carrying electrodes). On the other hand, in the body, electric current lines propagate along the path of least ohmic resistance - through the intercellular spaces, blood and lymph vessels, the shells of nerve trunks and muscles.

 In drug electrophoresis, electrolysis processes occur, the products of which irritate the patient, cause destruction of the electrodes, accompanied by some toxicity. In addition, an uncontrolled current within the body has an indefinite effect on various organs, including the excitability of nerves, and affects the hormonal link. For example, with electrophoresis of the eye, a second electrode is placed on the occipital region and current is passed through the brain tissue. In diseases of the cardiovascular system, electrophoresis is contraindicated in current.

 The basis of the invention is the creation of such a device for medicinal electrophoresis, which, not excluding the effect of electricity on the administration of drugs, increases patient safety by eliminating current through the patient’s body, increases the volume of drug administered and ensures the localization of the charge transfer region, expands the indications of electrophoresis in severe somatic diseases.

 This problem is solved in that in an electric injector containing an AC rectifier with a voltage meter at the terminals of the rectified voltage and with a voltage regulating potentiometer, two opposite-pole electrodes connected to the current terminals of the rectifier with an electrode current ammeter and with an adjustable electrode current resistance, as well as gaskets , one of which is medicinal, an electrophore connected to the voltage terminals of the rectifier is introduced, on the working surface of which humidifiers are arranged in series May napkin tissue which enshrines called bipolar electrodes and drug pad.

 A distinctive feature of the electric injector is that the electrophore is made in the form of a capacitor, in which the edges of the same charged plates forming the working surface of the electrophore protrude relative to the edges of the other similarly charged capacitor plates.

 The electrophore can be made in the form of a spiral-shaped ribbon capacitor, the edges of one ribbon lining of which, forming the working surface of the electrophore, protrude relative to the edges of the other ribbon lining. Electrophore [<g.phoros - bearing] - a device for obtaining static (in equilibrium) electricity ... [Dictionary of foreign words. Ed. I.V. Lekhina and Prof. F.N. Petrova. The fourth edition is revised and supplemented. M .: State publishing house of foreign and national dictionaries. 1954, p. 807].

 The introduction of electrophore into the electric injector allows electrophoresis based on the electrostatic field, under the directed action of which the drug is administered to a specific area of the patient's skin or to a specific area of his body. The localization of the area of movement of charges increases the volume of the introduced drug substance, which increases the efficiency of electrophoresis. In addition, the exclusion of through current through the patient’s body increases the safety of the procedure, extends the indications of electrophoresis in severe somatic diseases, and ensures uniform distribution of electrophoresis on the surface of the patient’s body area.

 In FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of an electric injector; figure 2 - design of electrophore; figure 3 is one of the embodiments of electrophore.

 The electric injector comprises a rectifier 1 of the mains alternating current with a voltage meter 2 at the rectified voltage terminals A and B and with a voltage regulation potentiometer 3. An electrophore 4 is connected to voltage terminals A and B, on the working surface P of which moistened 5 and drug 6 gaskets are arranged in series. In the fabrics of the humidified strip 5, two bipolar electrodes 7 and 8 are fixed, connected to the current terminals C and D of the rectifier 1 with a current ammeter of 9 electrodes and with an adjustable current resistance of 10 electrodes.

 The electrophore 4 is made in the form of a capacitor (figure 2), in which the edges of the same charged plates 11, forming the working surface P of the electrophore, protrude relative to the edges of other similarly charged plates 12 of the capacitor. The distance between the protruding edges of the plates 11 relative to the edges of the plates 12 is selected so that the influence of charges of the plates 12 is excluded.

 Electrophore 4 can be made in the form of a spiral-shaped tape capacitor (Fig. 3), formed by two oppositely charged plates 11 and 12 folded into a cylinder with the above-described arrangement of the edges.

 Electric injector operates as follows.

 The medicinal pad 6, located on the moistened pad 5 with electrodes 7 and 8, placed on the working surface P of the electrophore, is placed on the body part 13 of the patient. The electrophore is connected to the terminals A and B of the rectifier 1. After setting the required voltage on the electrophore 4 using the voltage adjusting potentiometer 3, an electrostatic field is created from the side of the working plane P of the electrophore, under which the ions of the drug substance corresponding in sign penetrate the skin, and ions of a different sign , including ions due to elimination, determine the current in the pad 5 moistened with distilled water between the electrodes 7 and 8. This current is maintained at a predetermined level by the adjusting resistance Otivlenie current 10 electrodes and ensures the duration of the procedure of drug electrophoresis created by the electrostatic field.

 Improving the safety of the procedure is ensured by eliminating the through current through the patient, since the electrodes are located on one side of the patient and there is no applied voltage on both sides. The side effect of current through intracavitary pathways, blood vessels, nerve trunks, etc. is excluded.

 In addition, there is no destruction of the working electrode (capacitor plate), since there is no current between it and the patient’s body, and electrophoresis is carried out by a localized field. Electrolysis near the patient’s body is excluded.

 Industrial applicability.

 Due to the fact that the electrostatic field can favorably affect the human body, the inventive electric injector is recommended to be used not only for treatment with a local electrostatic field, but also for preventive procedures.

 The main field of application of the device is healthcare and medicine.

Claims (3)

 1. ELECTRIC INJECTOR, comprising an AC rectifier with a voltage meter at the rectified voltage terminals and with a voltage regulating potentiometer, two bipolar electrodes connected to rectifier current terminals with an electrode current ammeter and with electrode current resistance, as well as gaskets, one of which is medicinal, characterized in that an electrophore connected to the voltage terminals of the rectifier is introduced into it, on the working surface of which a humidified a gasket, in the tissues of which the indicated bipolar electrodes are fixed, and a medicinal gasket.  2. The electric injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrophore is made in the form of a capacitor, in which the edges of the same charged plates forming the working surface of the electrophore protrude relative to the edges of the other of the same charged capacitor plates.  3. The electric injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrophore is made in the form of a spiral-shaped ribbon capacitor, the edges of one ribbon lining of which forming the working surface of the electrophore protrude relative to the edges of the other ribbon lining.

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