RU201517U1 - Adjustable dinistor - Google Patents

Abstract

The adjustable dinistor is intended for use in automatic control systems for electric drives, technological processes, as well as in automatic protection systems for electrical equipment. The device contains a semiconductor element having an anode and a cathode and is switched on when a given voltage at the anode is reached. A thyristor is used as a semiconductor element, in which the anode is combined into a common point with the first input of an adjustable resistance and is connected to the first input of the supply network, the cathode is combined into a common point with the cathode of the diode and connected to the second input of the supply network. The anode of the diode is connected to the first input of the unregulated resistance. The control electrode of the thyristor is connected to the anode of the zener diode, the cathode of which is combined into a common point with the second input of an adjustable resistance and the second input of an unregulated resistance. The adjustable resistance is equipped with a slider, when moved, the value of the thyristor opening voltage changes. The device allows operation at high voltages and currents, since a thyristor is used as the main working element, and also to regulate the switching voltage into operation without a complex control system.

Description

The utility model can be used in automatic control systems for electric drives, technological processes, as well as in automatic protection systems for electrical equipment.

Known semiconductor device containing a thyristor with three electrodes making up the anode, cathode and control electrode. By applying a signal to the control electrode, the state of the thyristor is changed, that is, its opening. The thyristor is closed by changing the polarity of the voltage and current supplied to its anode (Kublanovsky. Ya.S. Thyristor devices / Ya.S. Kublanovsky. - 2nd ed., Revised and additional. - M .: Radio and communication, 1987. - p. 11, fig. 4 on the right).

The main disadvantage of this device is that its operation starts from a complex control system only when a control signal arrives.

The closest to the proposed utility model in terms of the technical essence and the achieved result (prototype) is a dinistor containing a semiconductor element having an anode and a cathode and is included in the operation when the structurally specified voltage at the anode is reached. At a certain positive value of the voltage at the anode, the dinistor goes into an open state, which continues until the polarity of the voltage or current changes. The device is mainly intended for low currents and voltages (Kublanovsky. Y.S. Thyristor devices / Y.S. Kublanovsky. - 2nd ed., Revised and additional. - M .: Radio and communication, 1987. - S. 11, fig. 4 left).

The main disadvantage of this device is the implementation of its opening only at one standard voltage, which was structurally specified during its manufacture, as well as the inability to work at high voltages and high currents.

The technical problem, the solution of which is provided in the implementation of the utility model, is to create an adjustable dynistor with a regulated switching voltage and operating at high voltages and currents.

The solution to this technical problem is achieved by the fact that a thyristor is used as a semiconductor element in an adjustable dinistor containing a semiconductor element that has an anode and a cathode and is switched on when the specified voltage at the anode is reached, in which the anode is combined into a common point with the first input of the adjustable resistance and is connected to the first input of the supply network, the cathode is combined at a common point with the cathode of the diode and connected to the second input of the supply network, and the anode of the diode is connected to the first input of the unregulated resistance. In this case, the control electrode of the thyristor is connected to the anode of the zener diode, the cathode of which is combined into a common point with the second input of the adjustable resistance and the second input of the unregulated resistance, and the adjustable resistance is equipped with a slider, when moved, the value of the thyristor opening voltage changes.

The provision of an adjustable voltage for switching the device into operation and its operation at high voltages and currents are explained, firstly, by the use of thyristors for high voltages and high currents, secondly, by using an adjustable resistor, and thirdly, the accuracy of work is ensured by using a zener diode, and the diode is not makes it possible to operate the zener diode with a reverse half-wave of the supply voltage.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by a drawing, where FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed adjustable dinistor; in fig. 2 shows the moments of thyristor opening at different positions of the adjustable resistance slider.

In addition, the drawing shows the following:

- VD1 - thyristor;

- VD2 - zener diode;

- VD3 - diode;

- A - anode;

- K - cathode;

- UE - control electrode;

- R1 - adjustable resistance;

- R2 - unregulated resistance;

- I, II, III - positions of the adjustable resistance slider;

- U - adjustable sinusoidal voltage;

- t - moments of time.

An adjustable dinistor contains a semiconductor element, which is used as a thyristor 1 (VD1), which is turned on when a given voltage at the anode 2 (A) is reached.

Anode 2 (A) of thyristor 1 (VD1) is combined into a common point 3 with the first input 4 of an adjustable resistance 5 (R1) and is connected to the first input 6 of the supply network. The cathode 7 (K) of the thyristor 1 (VD1) is combined at a common point 8 with the cathode of the diode 9 (VD3), the anode of which is connected to the first input 10 of the fixed resistance 11 (R2), and is connected to the second input 12 of the supply network. The control electrode 13 (UE) of the thyristor 1 (VD1) is connected to the anode of the zener diode 14 (VD2), the cathode 15 (K) of which is combined into a common point 16 with the second input 17 of the adjustable resistance 5 (R1) and the second input 18 of the unregulated resistance 11 (R2 ). By moving the slider 19, which is equipped with an adjustable resistance 5 (R1), the value of the opening voltage of the thyristor 1 (VD1) changes.

The operation of the adjustable dinistor is carried out as follows.

Adjustable resistance 5 (R1) and unregulated resistance 11 (R2) represent a voltage divider, and R1 >> R2, therefore, moving the slider 19 of adjustable resistance 5 (R1) and thereby changing its resistance, and hence the voltage drop across it, you can regulate the voltage drop across the unregulated resistance 11 (R2). If the voltage drop across the unregulated resistance 11 (R2) exceeds the stabilization voltage of the zener diode 14 (VD2), then its breakdown will occur and a current will flow to the control electrode 13 (UE) of the thyristor, thereby opening thyristor 1 (VD1), which shunts the chain of resistances 5 (R1) and 11 (R2) and begins to pass current through itself.

At time t1, when the slider 19 of the adjustable resistance 5 (R1) is set to position I (Fig. 1), the thyristor 1 (VD1) will open when the mains voltage is equal to the voltage at point I (Fig. 2).

At time t2, when the slider 19 of the adjustable resistance 5 (R1) is set to position II (Fig. 1), the thyristor 1 (VD1) will open when the mains voltage is equal to the voltage at point II (Fig. 2).

At time t3, when the slider 19 of the adjustable resistance 5 (R1) is set to position III (Fig. 1), the thyristor 1 (VD1) will open when the mains voltage is equal to the voltage at point III (Fig. 2).

At time t4, with a negative half-wave of the supply voltage, thyristor 1 (VD1) is closed, since a minus of the supply network is supplied to the anode 2 (A) of thyristor 1 (VD1), and a positive supply of the supply network is supplied to the cathode 7 (K).

At the moment of time t5, the cycle begins to repeat from the moment of time t0, but with the moment of actuation already set during the last positive half-wave.

Thus, the proposed useful model makes it possible to operate at high voltages and currents, since a thyristor is used as the main operating element, and also to regulate the switching voltage into operation without a complex control system.

Claims (1)

An adjustable dinistor containing a semiconductor element that has an anode and a cathode and turns on when a given voltage at the anode is reached, characterized in that a thyristor is used as a semiconductor element, in which the anode is combined into a common point with the first input of an adjustable resistance and is connected to the first input supply network, the cathode is combined at a common point with the cathode of the diode and connected to the second input of the supply network, and the anode of the diode is connected to the first input of the unregulated resistance, while the control electrode of the thyristor is connected to the anode of the zener diode, the cathode of which is combined into a common point with the second input of the adjustable resistance and the second input of an unregulated resistance, and the adjustable resistance is equipped with a slider, when moved, the value of the thyristor opening voltage changes.

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