RU2014174C1 - Needle-mill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: tools. SUBSTANCE: needle clamp is fitted on a base bush for fixing against turn over, bodies in the form of bushes with engageable projections and hollows of adjacent bushes are longitudinally assembled for fastening the needles. Longitudinal slots for wire needles bent in the shank are provided in the bodies. EFFECT: improved structure. 3 cl, 12 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the processing of materials, for example plastics, i.e. compositions obtained on the basis of macromolecular compounds, and can be used as a tool for grinding rubber, in particular worn tires.

 Known acupuncture containing a housing in which concentric segments of the rods (working elements) are laid along concentric circles, welded together and with the housing to form a solid surface of great rigidity.

 However, the assembly of such an acupuncture is extremely difficult and time-consuming, since it is almost impossible to obtain a continuous boiled surface with dense laying of the rods. The design of such a cutter is designed for processing flat surfaces with constant contact of the needles with the treated surface. At the same time, the reliability of the fastening of the rods under different processing conditions is unsatisfactory, since the welded surfaces do not work well in dynamics and impact.

 Known acupuncture, containing a base sleeve, on which are mounted a plastic housing with longitudinally installed on the periphery sections of wire needles, embedded in the housing and rarely placed around the circumference. At the ends of the base sleeve is located on the flange with nuts for attaching the housings.

 The disadvantage of this needle cutter is a slight removal of the rubber being processed, since the needles bend and “iron” it, as well as the complexity of manufacturing, due to the need for special foundry equipment for pressing cases with wire needles. During operation, after the needles are worn in one of the casing, this entire assembly has to be thrown away, since the wires are filled with plastic; disposal of wire material is an expensive and time-consuming process requiring separation of wires from plastic. In addition, for processing parts of different lengths, a special tool of a given length is required.

 The purpose of the invention is the improvement of operational properties while simplifying the manufacture of acupuncture.

 To do this, the needle cutter, containing a base sleeve on which the housings are mounted, each with a longitudinal groove for accommodating wire needles, fixed at the ends of the sleeve through the flanges with nuts, further comprises a needle clamp in the form of a sleeve. The needle clamp is mounted on the base sleeve with the possibility of fixation from rotation by means of a key. Each case is made in the form of a sleeve, one end of which is flat, and the other with protrusions and depressions for interaction with mating protrusions and depressions of the adjacent housing or (at the end of the tool) with protrusions and depressions provided on the flanges. Each case is mounted on a needle clamp and is designed for fastening needles made curved in the shank. All cases are assembled in pairs with their flat ends in blocks. In this case, the grooves of the cases in the block are aligned, and the grooves falling into the line of protrusions are made longer than the grooves falling into the line of depressions. In addition, blocks by the interaction of adjacent protrusions and depressions are collected in a package. This design provides simultaneous and continuous processing over the entire required length.

 Figure 1 shows the proposed acupuncture with a partial cut, General view; in FIG. 2 - section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1; in FIG. 4 - section bb in figure 1; figure 5 is a block with a partial pullout, General view; in Fig.6 is a section GG in Fig.5; in FIG. 7 - section DD in Fig 5 (assembly diagram - beginning); Fig.8 is the same assembled cutter; in Fig.9 and 10 - node I in Fig.1 (I and II options for the execution of the needle clamp); figure 11 - needle; in FIG. 12 is a section EE in FIG. 5.

 The needle cutter contains a set of cases 1, each in the form of a sleeve with longitudinal grooves for installing needles 2. Each case is made smooth from one end, and from the other end in the form of a protrusion and cavity. Smooth ends of the body are pairwise assembled in blocks and fastened with screws 3 (figure 4). Blocks with inner diameters are mounted on a cylindrical needle clamp 4, which, in turn, is centered on the base sleeve 5. From turning, the needle clamp is fixed to the sleeve 5 with a dowel 6. Screws 7 the dowel is fastened to the housing 1. From the ends, the blocks are closed by flanges 8, fixed to the housing by screws 9 (Fig. 3). After assembling the flanges, the bag is fixed on the base sleeve from two ends by nuts 10. For balancing the needle cutter on the nuts 10, a dovetail ring groove is provided, in which the balancing segment 11 with a locking bolt 12 is placed. The needle-clamp can be constructed in two versions: option I - with longitudinally located grooves for needles; option II - with a groove in depth, slightly less than the diameter of the cross-section of the needle (size a) and in length (size b) and equal in length to the total value of the diameters of the needles in a row. Both options are reliable, but option II is more technological.

 The needles are made of elastic wire and have a working part and a non-working one, which includes a bent shank. The shank is for attaching the needle. The bending angle of the needle provides the necessary elasticity when clamping the needle between the body and the needle clamp and is a reliable guarantee for attaching each needle individually.

 The main purpose of the block is to ensure reliable fastening in the needle clamp of each needle individually, to ensure the assembly and replacement of needles, the formation of a needle cutter in a package of blocks with the necessary grip along the length of the working surface.

 The proposed acupuncture works as follows.

 An acupuncture mounted on the spindle of the machine is brought to the work surface. They turn on the feed and begin processing, during which the material being cut is cut and simultaneously crushed over the entire length at once.

 The cutting process occurs due to the fact that the needle has the same cutting elements as the cutter: cutting edge, rake angle, trailing corner. But unlike the cutter, these elements are dynamic in nature, i.e. change in time during processing, not only due to wear, but mainly due to the elasticity of the needle, i.e. it is an elastic incisor. These parameter changes are the smaller, the stiffer the needle, i.e. the larger the diameter of the needle in cross section and the smaller the reach of the needle.

 In each case, when choosing the parameters of the needle, it is necessary to take into account the properties of the processed material and the grinding structure.

 Since cutting occurs with a cutting edge, to use the cutting edge along the entire periphery of the diameter of the needle, reverse rotation of the needle cutting is used.

 In the process of cutting with a needle there is a blow, cutting, discarding the processed material, the natural frequency of the needle.

 Each needle strikes the source material, "loosening" and deforming it, the cutting edge cuts off this deformed layer, and the elastic force discards the cut layer, additionally participating in cutting when the needle is bent. Since the needle periodically touches the material being processed (impact), it acquires its own vibrations, which also participate in cutting the material, crushing and cutting it. Grinding occurs due to the frequency of the needle-material contact at the natural frequency of the needles (due to elasticity). This is the uniqueness of the needle cutter, which combines during processing the properties of a cutter that cuts a layer of material and a millstone that grinds the cut layer. At the same time, changing the diameter of the needles and cutting conditions (feed, tool speed and speed, for example, a worn tire), you can adjust the size and stability of grinding and ensure high performance.

 Assembly of needle cutters.

 After assembling the two cases into a block fastened by screws 3, the block is put on the needle clamp installed in the fixture for assembly with the keyway down (Fig. 7), combining the keyway of the needle clamp with the groove of the case. The device provides rotation of the housing relative to the needle clamp. Through the keyway (Fig. 7), the needles of the entire row (along the entire length) are inserted all the way into the shank. After turning the housing to the next groove, the next row of needles is installed. When the body is rotated, the needle shanks bend to a right angle and are clamped between the needle clamp and the body. And so each row. After installing the last row, the housing is not rotated, a key 6 is inserted into the keyway (Fig. 8), which is screwed to the housing 1 (Fig. 6).

 Sharpening a needle cutter.

 The sharpening of the needle cutter is conventionally divided into stationary and dynamic.

 Stationary for new cutters is as follows.

The assembled blocks are formed into a package of the required size and secured. Further, all the needles are poured over the entire height, for example, with a melt of the Wood alloy. The melting point of this alloy is ^about 97 C. Sharpening iglofrezy produce first cutter to obtain cylindrical surface (right), and then until the desired cam profile corresponding to the profile of the tire being processed. Then the alloy is melted. The alloy can be melted with water brought to a boiling point. Smelted alloy can be reused.

 Dynamic sharpening (editing) is carried out during the operation of the needle cutter. Sharpening is carried out with an abrasive wheel with a working profile corresponding to the profile of the workpiece. In order to more efficiently use the needle cutter, dynamic sharpening is performed with reverse of both the needle cutter and the abrasive wheel.

 Thus, supplying the needle cutter with a needle clamp concentrically installed between the base sleeve and the housings, longitudinally assembled into a bag, improves the performance of the needle cutter due to more intensive processing with more frequent installation of rows of needles around the circumference, while simplifying its manufacture by eliminating the need for filling needles in plastic cases.

Claims (3)

 1. A Needle Cutter, comprising a base sleeve with flanges and nuts at the ends and housings, each with a longitudinal groove for wire needles, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, the needle cutter is equipped with a needle clamp mounted on the base sleeve with the ability to be fixed from turning, and each case made in the form of a sleeve with protrusions and depressions on one of the ends, the protrusions and depressions made on the ends of the flanges, while the sleeves with smooth ends in pairs with the alignment of the longitudinal grooves are fastened together in the form of blocks and placed on the clamp, and the protrusions and depressions of the blocks are designed to interact with each other and with the protrusions and depressions of the flanges.  2. Acupuncture according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities, several blocks are assembled in a package of a given working length.  3. The needle cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure reliable fastening of the needles, each needle is made curved in the shank at an obtuse angle.

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