RU2013104040A - ALUMINUM-SILICATE CONTAINING THE ADDITIVE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT - Google Patents

ALUMINUM-SILICATE CONTAINING THE ADDITIVE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT Download PDF

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RU2013104040A
RU2013104040A RU2013104040/04A RU2013104040A RU2013104040A RU 2013104040 A RU2013104040 A RU 2013104040A RU 2013104040/04 A RU2013104040/04 A RU 2013104040/04A RU 2013104040 A RU2013104040 A RU 2013104040A RU 2013104040 A RU2013104040 A RU 2013104040A
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aluminum
aluminoborosilicate
liquid
additive
components
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Иштван ШРЕММЕР
Бернадетт Иветт КОВАЧ
Жольт СИТКАИ
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Г.И.Ц. Ипари Сольгальтато Эш Керешкедельми Кфт.
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3409—Boron oxide, borates, boric acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. borax
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    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
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    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
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Abstract

1. Содержащий добавку алюмоборосиликат, отличающийся тем, что его компоненты смешивают при низкой температуре, предпочтительно при комнатной температуре, и компоненты представляют собой силикат щелочного металла в жидком виде, борную кислоту или борат в жидком и/или твердом виде, алюмосодержащий неорганический компонент и по меньшей мере одну добавку.2. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он имеет следующий состав в пересчете на соответствующие оксиды: бор 3-18 мас.%, алюминий 5-30 мас.%, кремний 20-40 мас.%, калий 4-15 мас.%, натрий 2-6 мас.%, водород 15-45 мас.%.3. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что молярное отношение количества калия к количеству натрия составляет от 0,2 до 4,0, предпочтительно от 0,5 до 2,0.4. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что щелочной силикат получают из диоксида кремния и щелочного гидроксида.5. Алюмоборосиликат по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что алюмосодержащий неорганический компонент представляет собой каолин или каолин, обработанный при высокой температуре.6. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что добавка представляет собой силикат, например силикат Ca, глинистый минерал или оксид металла.7. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что к компонентам примешивают наполнитель.8. Алюмоборосиликат по п.7, отличающийся тем, что материал наполнителя представляет собой минерал, содержащий алюминий или кремний, например корунд, цеолит или летучую золу, получаемую в энергетических установках.9. Алюмоборосиликат, модифицированный для введения радиоактивных отходов, по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что борная кислота или борат в жидком 1. An additive-containing aluminoborosilicate, characterized in that its components are mixed at a low temperature, preferably at room temperature, and the components are alkali metal silicate in liquid form, boric acid or borate in liquid and / or solid form, an aluminum-containing inorganic component and at least one additive 2. Aluminoborosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that it has the following composition in terms of the corresponding oxides: boron 3-18 wt.%, Aluminum 5-30 wt.%, Silicon 20-40 wt.%, Potassium 4-15 wt. %, sodium 2-6 wt.%, hydrogen 15-45 wt.% 3. Aluminoborosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio of the amount of potassium to the amount of sodium is from 0.2 to 4.0, preferably from 0.5 to 2.0. The aluminoborosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkaline silicate is obtained from silicon dioxide and an alkaline hydroxide. The aluminoborosilicate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aluminum-containing inorganic component is kaolin or kaolin treated at a high temperature. The aluminoborosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that the additive is a silicate, for example Ca silicate, a clay mineral or a metal oxide. Aluminoborosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that a filler is admixed to the components. The aluminoborosilicate according to claim 7, characterized in that the filler material is a mineral containing aluminum or silicon, for example corundum, zeolite or fly ash produced in power plants. Aluminoborosilicate, modified for the introduction of radioactive waste, according to any of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that boric acid or borate in the liquid

Claims (18)

1. Содержащий добавку алюмоборосиликат, отличающийся тем, что его компоненты смешивают при низкой температуре, предпочтительно при комнатной температуре, и компоненты представляют собой силикат щелочного металла в жидком виде, борную кислоту или борат в жидком и/или твердом виде, алюмосодержащий неорганический компонент и по меньшей мере одну добавку.1. The additive containing aluminoborosilicate, characterized in that its components are mixed at a low temperature, preferably at room temperature, and the components are alkali metal silicate in liquid form, boric acid or borate in liquid and / or solid form, aluminum-containing inorganic component and at least one additive. 2. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он имеет следующий состав в пересчете на соответствующие оксиды: бор 3-18 мас.%, алюминий 5-30 мас.%, кремний 20-40 мас.%, калий 4-15 мас.%, натрий 2-6 мас.%, водород 15-45 мас.%.2. The aluminum borosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that it has the following composition in terms of the corresponding oxides: boron 3-18 wt.%, Aluminum 5-30 wt.%, Silicon 20-40 wt.%, Potassium 4-15 wt.%, sodium 2-6 wt.%, hydrogen 15-45 wt.%. 3. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что молярное отношение количества калия к количеству натрия составляет от 0,2 до 4,0, предпочтительно от 0,5 до 2,0.3. The aluminum borosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio of potassium to sodium is from 0.2 to 4.0, preferably from 0.5 to 2.0. 4. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что щелочной силикат получают из диоксида кремния и щелочного гидроксида.4. The aluminum borosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkaline silicate is obtained from silicon dioxide and alkaline hydroxide. 5. Алюмоборосиликат по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что алюмосодержащий неорганический компонент представляет собой каолин или каолин, обработанный при высокой температуре.5. The aluminum borosilicate according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the aluminum-containing inorganic component is kaolin or kaolin, processed at high temperature. 6. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что добавка представляет собой силикат, например силикат Ca, глинистый минерал или оксид металла.6. The aluminum borosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that the additive is a silicate, for example Ca silicate, a clay mineral or metal oxide. 7. Алюмоборосиликат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что к компонентам примешивают наполнитель.7. The aluminum borosilicate according to claim 1, characterized in that a filler is mixed with the components. 8. Алюмоборосиликат по п.7, отличающийся тем, что материал наполнителя представляет собой минерал, содержащий алюминий или кремний, например корунд, цеолит или летучую золу, получаемую в энергетических установках.8. The aluminum borosilicate according to claim 7, characterized in that the filler material is a mineral containing aluminum or silicon, such as corundum, zeolite or fly ash, obtained in power plants. 9. Алюмоборосиликат, модифицированный для введения радиоактивных отходов, по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающийся тем, что борная кислота или борат в жидком и/или твердом виде поступает из борсодержащих радиоактивных отходов с низкой или средней активностью.9. Alumoborosilicate, modified for the introduction of radioactive waste, according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that boric acid or borate in liquid and / or solid form comes from boron-containing radioactive waste with low or medium activity. 10. Способ получения содержащего добавку алюмоборосиликата при низкой температуре, предпочтительно при комнатной температуре, из следующих компонентов:10. A method of obtaining an additive-containing aluminoborosilicate at a low temperature, preferably at room temperature, from the following components: силиката щелочного металла в жидком виде,alkali metal silicate in liquid form, борной кислоты или бората в жидком и/или твердом виде,boric acid or borate in liquid and / or solid form, алюмосодержащего неорганического компонента иan aluminum-containing inorganic component and по меньшей мере одной добавки,at least one additive где способ включает следующие этапы:where the method includes the following steps: - получение гомогенной жидкости из жидкостных компонентов,- obtaining a homogeneous liquid from liquid components, - получение твердого порошкообразного вещества из твердых компонентов,- obtaining a solid powdery substance from solid components, - постепенное добавление при перемешивании порошкообразного компонента в жидкостной компонент.- gradual addition of the powder component to the liquid component with stirring. 11. Способ по п.10, отличающийся тем, что размер зерна твердого порошкообразного компонента составляет от 0 до 1000 мкм.11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the grain size of the solid powder component is from 0 to 1000 microns. 12. Способ по п. 11 отличающийся тем, что размер зерна твердого алюмосодержащего порошкообразного вещества составляет менее 90 мкм.12. The method according to p. 11 characterized in that the grain size of the solid aluminum-containing powdery substance is less than 90 microns. 13. Способ по п.11, отличающийся тем, что размер зерна кремнийсодержащего твердого порошкообразного вещества составляет от 0,1 до 10 микрометров, и предпочтительно от 0,1 до 5 мкм.13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the grain size of the silicon-containing solid powdery substance is from 0.1 to 10 micrometers, and preferably from 0.1 to 5 microns. 14. Способ по п.11, отличающийся тем, что размер зерна добавки составляет от 1 до 500 мкм и предпочтительно от 10 до 90 мкм.14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the grain size of the additive is from 1 to 500 microns and preferably from 10 to 90 microns. 15. Способ по п.10, отличающийся тем, что наполнитель примешивают к смеси после смешивания жидкостного и порошкообразного компонентов, но до отверждения смеси.15. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the filler is mixed into the mixture after mixing the liquid and powder components, but before the mixture is cured. 16. Применение алюмоборосиликата, получаемого способом по пп. 10-15, в качестве огнестойкого и термостойкого покрытия, отличающееся тем, что смесь наносят на горючую поверхность до отверждения смеси, и смесь наносят на поверхность промазкой или распылением.16. The use of aluminoborosilicate obtained by the method according to PP. 10-15, as a fire-resistant and heat-resistant coating, characterized in that the mixture is applied to the combustible surface until the mixture has cured, and the mixture is applied to the surface by smearing or spraying. 17. Применение алюмоборосиликата, получаемого способом по пп. 10-15, в качестве огнестойкого или термостойкого конструкционного элемента, отличающееся тем, что до ее отверждения смесь отливают или формуют.17. The use of aluminoborosilicate obtained by the method according to PP. 10-15, as a fire-resistant or heat-resistant structural element, characterized in that before it is cured, the mixture is cast or molded. 18. Применение алюмоборосиликата, получаемого способом по пп. 10-15, для отверждения радиоактивных отходов, отличающееся тем, что отвержденные не растворимые в воде отходы получают добавлением при перемешивании твердого порошкообразного компонента в радиоактивные отходы, которые хранят в жидком состоянии в цилиндрических баках. 18. The use of aluminoborosilicate obtained by the method according to PP. 10-15, for the curing of radioactive waste, characterized in that the cured water-insoluble waste is obtained by adding, with stirring, a solid powder component to the radioactive waste, which is stored in a liquid state in cylindrical tanks.
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