RU2012146848A - METHOD FOR GEODESIC MEASUREMENTS OF ENGINEERING OBJECTS AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The method of geodetic measurements of engineering objects, which consists in measuring the time intervals between fixed pulses or phases of pulses created by the generated signals when scanning the image field, characterized in that the measurements are carried out in several cycles, measuring marks with slotted cross analyzers are fixed on the object under study and sequentially activate, the transmitting unit of the laser measuring system is exposed in alignment with the brands and scan them, so in the first scan The coordinates Chi and Y of point O are further calculated as the reference point of the initial position of the object, the diameter of the reference laser beam Dopt, formed with the help of an optical transducer on segments L, L, L, as well as at the beginning and at the end of the path of length L = 1 ÷ ψ (m ), is determined by the formula: where L is the length of the path or its segments, λ is the radiation wavelength of the laser used, ψ is the optical transformation coefficient of the laser beam on the measurement path, 2π is const, a rectangular geodesic is used to determine the position of the given points of the object coordinate system, in each start-up cycle of the laser measuring system, the coordinates X and Y of the subsequent point C are calculated, the displacements of the object from its initial position are calculated by the difference in coordinates, solving the “direct geodesic problem”, the program is activated, the project folder of the object under study is created or indicated at the moment of activation of the first of the measuring mark, establish communication with the laser measuring system, give commands to start the engine, activate the first measuring mark and turn on the laser during idle operation

Claims (2)

1. The method of geodetic measurements of engineering objects, which consists in measuring the time intervals between fixed pulses or phases of pulses created by the generated signals when scanning the image field, characterized in that the measurements are carried out in several cycles, measuring marks with slotted cross analyzers are fixed on the object under study and sequentially activate, the transmitting unit of the laser measuring system is exposed in alignment with the brands and scan them, so in the first scan ychislyayutsya coordinates X ₀ and Y ₀ of the point O in the subsequently received for the reference point of the initial position of the object, the diameter of the reference laser beam Dopt formed by the optical converter on the segments L _1, L _i, L _k, and also at the beginning and end of the path length L = 1 ÷ ψ (m), determined by the formula: $$D_{\mathrm{about}Pt}=\psi \sqrt{\frac{L\lambda }{2\pi }}$$

, where L is the length of the route or its segments, λ is the radiation wavelength of the laser used, ψ is the coefficient of optical transformation of the laser beam on the measurement path, 2π - const, to determine the position of the given points of the object, a rectangular geodetic coordinate system is used, in each cycle of the laser measuring system launch, the coordinates X _i and Y _{i of the} subsequent point C _i are calculated, the displacements of the object from its initial position are calculated by the difference in coordinates, solving the "direct geodesic problem", activate program, create or indicate the project folder of the object under study at the time of activation of the first measuring mark, establish communication with the laser measuring system, issue commands to start the movement atelier, activation of the first measuring mark and turning on the laser, during the idle operation of the laser measuring system, after its launch, they monitor the execution of commands and the stability of the engine speed, interrogate the calibrated optoelectronic sensor “angle code” when passing the zero point and upon receipt The response is performed by sequentially polling the controllers of the measuring marks on the position of the laser beam relative to the cross-analyzers; when they cross the slots of the cross-analyzers, they perform a survey of a calibrated the angle-code bird-electronic sensor, and the sensor value is recorded in the computer, one measurement cycle corresponds to a survey of four slots of the cross-analyzer when the nth number of full revolutions of a circular scan is performed, while the number of full revolutions is set by the program, after the survey is calculated coordinates of the center of the trace of the laser circular scan, perform control on the convergence of coordinates, calculate the mathematical expectation of the coordinates of the center of the trace of the laser circular scan and evaluate the accuracy of ordinates for internal convergence, the first activated mark is turned off and the next mark is activated, the cycle is repeated on all subsequent marks with internal convergence control, at the end of work, the system is put into standby mode for the next launch, the marks are saved in the project file, while the measurements are accompanied by the date and the start-up time of the laser measuring system, and the data obtained in the selected time series of observations are presented in graphical form on paper from the “memory buffer” or on the screen Ithor. 2. A device for high-precision measurements of engineering objects by laser measuring systems, comprising a laser, an optical laser beam former, partially reflecting surfaces, measuring marks and a recording unit, characterized in that the laser measuring device is made in the form of two blocks, a transmitting and receiving unit, into a transmitting unit, comprising a semiconductor laser, a scanning unit, an optical transducer of a reference laser beam into a circular laser scan trace, and an additional optical scanning unit a calibrated angle-code optical-electronic sensor has been introduced, the central axis of rotation of which is connected with the axis of rotation of the circular optical unit and the motor shaft, which provides control over the constancy of signal transmission, eliminating the use of a synchronous motor, the receiving unit is made in the form of brands installed at defined points, the reference laser beam, converted into a circular laser scan trace, passing partially reflecting surfaces, is sent to additionally conducted slit cross-analyzers that generate pulsed signals that are processed by the measuring information recording units, containing sequentially installed photodiode arrays, signal converters and measurement brands controllers, while the signal from the measuring information recording unit is transmitted via communication to a computer that controls the operation of the entire laser measuring system , for a given program.