RU2005962C1 - Electrostatic filter-ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: filters-ventilators. SUBSTANCE: animating negative and positive electrodes are enclosed in housing and are electrically connected with high-voltage current source. Electrodes are enclosed in electric housing. Negative electrodes are made in form of pointed conducting fins evenly located on inner surface for mounting at different angles to transverse and longitudinal axes of housing. Positive electrodes are made in form of row of conducting screens located at outlet of air from filter-ventilator in parallel to each other. First screen holds conducting point equidistant from negative electrodes. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices designed to set in motion a certain volume of air for its purification from particles suspended in it, and can be used for ventilation of various rooms with clean air.

 The invention is based on the use of a well-known physical phenomenon, consisting in the fact that when a high DC voltage with a negative sign is applied to a metal tip, the electric field strength near it reaches a value at which electrons exit the metal into the surrounding air (electro-effluvial effect). The emitted electrons are deposited on oxygen molecules, forming negatively charged ions, which, repelled by the tip of the same name, create a directed air flow, the so-called "electric wind".

 A device is known for creating a directed flow of ionized air, using this effect, consisting of ionizing electrodes enclosed in a cylindrical housing and made in the form of pointed metal ribs uniformly placed on its inner surface with the possibility of installation at different angles to the transverse and longitudinal axes to and electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage current source.

 A disadvantage of the known device is that the speed of the air passing through it, and therefore its volume, is limited by a negative volume charge created by negatively charged ionizing tips directed towards each other inwardly of the cylindrical body. At the same time, the air passing between the points of the same name and in the central volume free from them is not cleaned of particles suspended in it in the form of microorganisms, water droplets and dust.

 In addition, the air leaves the device ionized, which is not always necessary according to the conditions in the ventilated volume, and most importantly, ionized gas molecules take away part of the electric charge, which reduces the efficiency of the device.

 A device is known for purifying air from particles suspended in it. However, this device is not at the same time an incentive for air movement and is not effective enough.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device, increasing the volume of transported air, increasing the speed of the flowing jet and cleaning the exhaust air from particles suspended in it.

 This is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a positive electrode, made in the form of a series of electrically conductive grids located at the outlet of the device, parallel to each other, and the first of them has an electrically conductive tip equidistant from the ionizing electrodes.

 The installation of a positively charged electrode provides intense “blowing” that arises between the ionizing electrodes of the negative volumetric charge, which increases the speed and volume of air passing through the device. In this case, a charged positively conductive tip, mounted on the first grid from the ionizing electrodes, increases the tangential forces that push the formed negatively charged air ions into spirally tapering orbits, which can significantly increase their rotation speed, and therefore the intensity and number of interactions with neutral air molecules in the interelectrode gap. Strengthening the interaction of ions with neutral molecules also contributes to a sharp increase in the volume involved in the movement of air.

 In addition, negatively charged air ions and particles suspended in it “stick” to positively charged grids and tip during movement, giving them their charge, while suspended particles, like a conventional electrostatic precipitator, stick to output grids. As a result, the flow of the proposed device is almost non-ionized and purified from suspended particles of air with a speed and flow rate significantly higher than that of the prototype.

 Thus, by installing a positive electrode on the known device, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the device, increase the volume of transported air, increase the speed of the flowing jet and clean the exhaust air from particles suspended in it. Therefore, the proposed device has properties that do not match the properties of the known solutions, which justifies the compliance of this proposal with the criteria of the invention "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device and a schematic diagram of its electrical part; in FIG. 2 - the same, top view.

 The device consists of ionizing electrodes 2 enclosed in a cylindrical housing 1 in the form of pointed conductive ribs, similar to the prototype evenly placed on its inner surface with the possibility of installing them at different angles to the transverse and longitudinal axes of the housing using fixing hinges 3. Ionizing electrodes 2 are electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage direct current source 4. A sleeve 5 made of an insulating material with electrically conductive grids 6 electrically connected to the positive pole of a high-voltage source 4 is attached to the housing 1 on the output side of the device. On the first grid 6, an electrically conductive tip 7 is mounted equidistant from the ionizing electrodes 2.

 The device operates as follows.

When you turn on the high-voltage source 4 direct current from the sharp edges of the ionizing electrodes 2 into the cylindrical body 1, electrons begin to flow out, which, deposited on the molecules of oxygen in the air, form negatively charged O ₂ ions. The resulting ions, interacting with the same charged ionizing electrodes 2, are repelled by them according to the Coulomb law and, spinning around a positively charged tip 7, move inside the case 1 along the narrowing spiral orbits schematically shown in FIG. 2. In this case, under the action of repulsive forces from the ionizing electrodes 2 and attractive forces to the positively charged grid 6, they are simultaneously pushed along the longitudinal axis of the device, dragging neutral air molecules with them. As a result of this total effect, the ionized air inside the housing 1 acquires the tangential and translational velocity components relative to the longitudinal axis and, reaching the positively charged first grid 6 and tip 7, partially lose their charge on them and leave solid and liquid particles suspended in the air adhered to the grid . Further neutralization of ionized air and its purification are carried out on a number of positively charged grids installed behind the first 6. As a result, a stream of practically non-ionized air and purified from suspended particles of air comes out from the device at a rate with a flow rate greater than that of the known device. In this case, the charge given by the ions on the positively charged grids 6 is returned to the high-voltage device 4, as a result of which the total efficiency of the claimed device increases and, other things being equal, the initial conditions exceed the similar value for the prototype. (56) 1. A. Chizhevsky. Aeroinification in the national economy. M., Gosplanizdat, 1960, p. 125-129.

 2. Khvolson O. D. Course in Physics, vol. IV / first half /. C. -Pb. , 1907, c. 131-133, $ 11. Preliminary note on the dissipation of electricity.

 3. Kolpakchiev I. N. Electrostatic fan-ionizer. Application of the USSR N 4928822/29 from 04/22/91

 4. French patent N 96596/1523895, cl. F 24 F 3/16, 1973.

Claims (1)

 ELECTROSTATIC FILTER-FAN containing ionizing negative and positive electrodes enclosed in a housing and electrically connected to a high-voltage current source, characterized in that the electrodes are enclosed in a cylindrical housing, while the ionizing negative electrodes are made in the form of pointed conductive ribs evenly placed on the inner surface with the possibility of installation at different angles to the transverse and longitudinal axes of the housing, and the positive electrodes are made in the form of a series of electric ktroprovodnyh grids Placing air outlet of the fan filter parallel to one another, wherein the first conductive grid is installed blade, equidistant from the negative electrode.

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